人教版英语高考一轮复习课时提升作业 二十四 必修5 Unit 4.docx

人教版英语高考一轮复习课时提升作业 二十四 必修5 Unit 4.docx

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人教版英语高考一轮复习课时提升作业二十四必修5Unit4

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课时提升作业二十四

必修5　Unit4　Makingthenews

（限时35分钟）

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

　　Thereisalwayssomethingthathappensintheworldthateveryonefearswillhappentotheirtown,cityorcountry:

naturaldisasters.Thescariestpartofitisthatnoonewilleverseeitcoming.Thoughtechnologyhelpsusprepare,butitneveractuallytellsthepeoplewhenit’sgoingtohit.Itisalwaysestimatedbuttheresultisnever100%accurate.

　　However,thatisnotthepointofthisarticle.Twodifferentnaturaldisastersintwodifferentpartsoftheworldhavehappenedinthepastfewweeks.OnewasamajorfloodthathashitLouisianaintheUnitedStates.TheotherwasanearthquakethathitAmatrice,Italy.However,thereisamajordifferenceinthenewscoverageofthetwotragedies.

　　AsforthefloodinginLouisiana,itisreportedthatthisdisasteristheworsttohittheUnitedStatessinceSuper-stormSandyandit’llcostatleast$30million.Inonlythefirstcoupleofweeks,13peoplehaddied.However,likeme,manypeopledidnothearaboutthistragicevent.Ididnotlearnaboutituntilaboutthreeweeksafterithappened.

　　InItaly,however,itcoveredallmediainstantly.TheearthquakeinItalyhappenedonTuesdaymorning.Thatsameday,IwasonTwitterandthatwasallthatwasoverthenewsfeed.Everyotherpostwasabouttheearthquake.SomewouldhavetheopinionthatAmatrice,Italywasoneofthemostbeautifultownsinthatcountry.Igotindeepsorrowbecausethereweremorepeoplekilledinthisquakethantheflooding.Sofar,theyhaveatotalof73deadandoveronehundredmissing.

　　IunderstandthattechnicallytheearthquakeinItalywasworsethanthefloodsinLouisiana.However,Ibelievethatifanaturaldisasterhappens,theyallshouldbeequallycoveredandtakenequallyseriously.Weareoneworldunitedandshouldbethereforallofthepeoplewhoareinneedofhelp.Wemaynotbeabletoaccuratelypredictdisasters,butwecansurelylendahandoutfortheneedy.

【文章大意】本文主要讲了两个不同的地方发生的不同的自然灾害。

美国的路易斯安娜州发生了洪水,也有很多受害者,但是人们直到几周后才知道这件事,而意大利发生的地震,当时就被报道出来了。

作者认为自然灾害无大小,应该让人们及时知晓,这样人们可以向受害者伸出援助之手。

1.Whatreallyconcernstheauthoraboutthetwonaturaldisasters?

A.Thedeathandtheinjured.

B.Themediareport.

C.Thegovernment’sresponsibility.

D.Theireconomicloss.

【解析】选B。

推理判断题。

根据文中“thereisamajordifferenceinthenewscoverageofthetwotragedies.”可知,对于这两个自然灾害,作者关注的是媒体的报道。

故选B。

2.Whydidtheauthorlearnaboutthefloodsolate?

A.Hedidn’tcareabouttheflood.

B.Hefeltnervousaboutthenews.

C.Themediadidn’tcoveritintime.

D.Thefloodfrightenedtheauthoralot.

【解析】选C。

细节理解题。

根据文中“Ididnotlearnaboutituntilaboutthreeweeksafterithappened.”可知,作者很晚才知道洪水的事情是因为媒体没有及时报道。

故选C。

3.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?

A.Italyisn’tgoodatpredictingthenaturaldisasters.

B.Allnaturaldisastersshouldbecoveredequally.

C.Theworldshouldbeunitedintooneinstantly.

D.AmericashouldhelpItalypredictnaturaldisasters.

【解析】选B。

推理判断题。

根据文中最后一段“IunderstandthattechnicallytheearthquakeinItalywas...theyallshouldbeequallycoveredandtakenequallyseriously.”可知,所有的自然灾害都需要平等地报道。

故选B。

4.Howisthetextmainlydeveloped?

A.Bymakingacomparison.

B.Byfollowingthetimeorder.

C.Bylistingsomeexamples.

D.Byanalyzingthecauses.

【解析】选A。

推理判断题。

本文通过讲述了两个地方发生的不同的自然灾害来对比说明对自然灾害的报道时间有所不同。

故选A。

【知识拓展】难句解读

Wemaynotbeabletoaccuratelypredictdisasters,butwecansurelylendahandoutfortheneedy.

翻译:

我们也许不能够准确地预测自然灾害,但是我们肯定能为需要的人伸出援手。

【知识拓展】词汇积累

1.estimate　　　　v.估计,评价

2.accurateadj.准确的

3.coveragen.新闻报道;覆盖范围

4.postn.帖子,评论v.张贴,发布

5.predictv.预测,预言

B

　　Scientiststhinktheyhaveansweredamystery:

Howsomeoceancreaturesgotsohugesoquickly.

　　Afewmillionyearsago,thelargestwhalesaveragedabout15feetlong.Thenseeminglyovernight,onetypeofwhale,thetoothlessbaleenwhale（须鲸类）becamehuge.Modernbluewhalesgetasbigas100feet.NicholasPyensonoftheSmithsonianNaturalHistoryMuseumsaid,“Whyisthat?

”“Ithappenedintheglanceofanevolutionaryeye,whichmakesithardertofigureoutwhathappened.”saidGrahamSlater,leadauthorofthestudy.Theirstudyhassuggestedananswer:

Iceagesinthelast3to5millionyearsstartedit,changingtheoceansandfoodsupplyforwhales. 

　　Theresearchersusedfossilrecordsofthesmallerwhalestocreateafamilytreeforbaleenwhales,whichincludebluewhales,humpbacksandrightwhales.Usingcomputersimulations（模拟）andknowledgeabouthowevolutionworks,theyconcludedthatwhenthesizechangesstarted,thepolesgotcolder,iceexpandedandthewatercirculationintheoceanschangedandwindsshifted.SlaterandPyensonsaidcoldwaterwentdeepandmovedclosertotheequator（赤道）andtheneventuallymovedbackupwithsmallfishandothersmallanimalsthatwhaleseat.

　　Baleenwhales,whichhavenoteeth,feedbyeatinghugeamountsoffishtheycapture.Toothedwhales,likespermwhales（抹香鲸）,huntindividualfish,sotheoceanchangesthatmadefoodlessevenlyspreadoutdidn’taffectthemasmuch.Butbaleenwhaleshuntschoolsoffish.

　　OlivierLambertattheRoyalBelgianInstituteofNaturalSciencescallsit“areallyconvincingsituation”.Buthesaidthelackoffossilsincertaintimeperiodsisanissue.Asoceanswarmfromman-madeclimatechange,theseaswillbemorelikeitwaswhenthewhalesweresmallerandtheywillhaveamoredifficulttimesurviving.

【文章大意】文章以鲸鱼为例分析了海洋动物生长变快变大的原因,提出了气候变化引起海洋变化,造成鲸鱼变小生存困难的现状,呼吁人们保护环境和动物。

5.Whatdoestheauthormeanby“Ithappenedintheglanceofanevolutionaryeye”inthesecondparagraph?

A.Thechangeofbaleenwhaleshappenedtooquickly.

B.Thechangeofbaleenwhaleswastoodifficulttoexplore.

C.Researcherspaidlittleattentiontothechangeofbaleenwhales.

D.Researchersthoughtthechangeofbaleenwhaleswasunimportant.

【解析】选A。

句意猜测题。

根据下半句“whichmakesithardertofigureoutwhathappened”可知此处指这种变化在进化的发展中只是匆匆一瞥,形容其速度之快。

A项正好表达了此意,故选A。

6.Whatplayedthekeyroleinbaleenwhales’becominghuge?

A.Man-madeclimatechange.

B.Itseatingahugeamountoffish.

C.Thewatercirculationintheoceans.

D.Theincreaseoffoodsupplyforwhales.

【解析】选D。

推理判断题。

根据第二段最后“Theirstudy...”和第四段“Butbaleenwhaleshuntschoolsoffish.”可知由于海水流向和鲸鱼食物来源的变化,baleenwhales能捕获到鱼群,食物增多,体积变大。

故选D。

7.Whatdoweknowaboutspermwhalesandbluewhalesaccordingtothetext?

A.Spermwhaleseatmorefood.

B.Bluewhaleslivemuchlonger.

C.Bluewhalesusuallyswallowschoolsoffish.

D.Spermwhalesprefertohuntschoolsoffish.

【解析】选C。

推理判断题。

根据第二段“thetoothlessbaleenwhalebecamehuge...”可知spermwhales和bluewhales的情况,bluewhales属于baleenwhales,能捕获鱼群。

故选C。

8.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

A.Therearenowhalefossilsnow.

B.Thewhalesmaybecomeevenbigger.

C.OlivierLambertthinksthestudyisperfect.

D.Globalwarminghasthreatenedthewhales.

【解析】选D。

推理判断题。

根据最后一段“Asoceanswarmfromman-madeclimatechange,...willhaveamoredifficulttimesurviving.”可知由于气候变化引起海洋变化,造成鲸鱼变小生存困难,故选D。

【知识拓展】难句解读

“Ithappenedintheglanceofanevolutionaryeye,whichmakesithardertofigureoutwhathappened.”saidGrahamSlater,leadauthorofthestudy.

翻译:

“这是从进化的视角来看待这件事的,所以很难猜测到底发生了什么。

”格雷厄姆·斯莱特,这项研究的主要作者说道。

分析:

本句中包含了非限制性定语从句,宾语从句,同位语等多个语法现象。

【知识拓展】词汇积累

1.mystery　　　　n.谜;神秘,神秘的事物

2.overnightadv.在晚上;突然,很快

3.evolutionn.进化

4.shiftv.改变

5.convincingadj.令人信服的

Ⅱ.完形填空

Iusedtobelievecourtesy（礼仪）wasathingofthepast.VeryseldomhaveIcomeacross　1　humanbeingsinthismoderneraoftheso-calledGenerationX. 

Recently,Ihadtochangemythinking,whenIcame　2　withjustsuchahumanbeing.Ihadgonetoafashionable　3　place,withmytwo　4　.Theplacewascrowdedwiththeusual　5　crowdandwehadtoclimbasteepflightofstairsinordertofinda（n）　6　table.Afterenjoyingcoffeeandsnacks,wewereatthesteepdescent（下来）downthestairs,wherethe　7　spacemadeclimbingdownverydifficult,withhardlyanyspaceforanotherpersontoclimbuporcomedown. 

　8　Iwasinthemiddleofmydescent,aman　9　themainentranceoftherestaurantwhichwasrightinfrontofthe　10　.IwassureIwouldbe　11　roughlybythismanwhowantedtogoupinahurry.I　12　comingdownasfastasIcould,holdingontothebanister（栏杆）.Mydaughterswerealreadydown,　13　meworriedly,hopingIwouldreachthemsoon. 

Nearlyreachingthem,Inoticedtheman　14　standingnearthedoor.Ireachedmydaughtersand　15　thestrangerattheentrancedoorwhichhekeptholdingopen.Ilookedbackthinkinghewasstill　16　thedoor,decidingwhethertogoinorfindanotherlesscrowdedplace.I　17　himgoingupthestairs,twoatatime.Itoldmydaughtersaboutitandallthreeofusfelt　18　thatwedidnoteventhankthegentlemanwhowas　19　holdingthedooropenforusladiestopassthroughbeforegoingup. 

　　Weapplaudedhisgoodmannersfor　20　,waitingforustocomedownbeforegoinguphimselfandalsoholdingthemainentrancedooropenforustogoout.Tilldate,Irememberthisgentleman. 

【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。

在拥挤的咖啡馆,一位非常有礼貌的绅士一直在门口等作者下楼并开着门以方便作者她们出去,之后自己才上楼。

作者对这一行为表示了感激与赞赏。

1.A.polite　　B.educated　C.stubborn　D.honest

【解析】选A。

根据第一段第一句中的“courtesywasathingofthepast”可知,“我”很少遇见有礼貌的人。

故选A。

2.AnecktoneckB.handinhand

C.facetofaceD.stepbystep

【解析】选C。

根据下文内容可知,“我们”是面对面遇见的。

故选C。

3.A.fishB.fruitC.coffeeD.lower

【解析】选C。

根据下文中的“Afterenjoyingcoffeeandsnacks”可知,“我”去了一家咖啡馆。

故选C。

4.A.colleaguesB.daughters

C.friends