英语教案.docx
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英语教案.docx
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英语教案
Unit3UnderstandingScience
TextAPublicAttitudestowardScience
I.Objectives
Studentswillbeableto:
1)graspthemainideaandthestructureofthetext;
2)appreciatethestyledifferencesbetweennarrativewritingandexpositorywriting;
3)masterkeylanguagepointsandgrammaticalstructuresinthetext
4)conductaseriesofreading,listening,speakingandwritingactivitiesrelatedtothethemeoftheunit.
II.CulturalNotes
1.StephenHawking(1942--):
aBritishscientistwhohasgreatlyinfluencedpeople’sideasontheoriginsoftheuniverse.Hehasdevotedmuchofhislifetoprobinginthespace-timedescribedbygeneralrelativityandthesingularitieswhereitbreaksdown.Andhe’sdonemostofhisworkwhileconfinedtoawheelchair,broughtonbytheprogressiveneurologicaldisease.HawkingistheLucasianProfessorofMathematicsatCambridge,apostonceheldbyIsaacNewton.
Inthelate1960s.Hawkingprovedthatifgeneralrelativityistrueandtheuniverseisexpanding,asingularitymusthaveoccurredatthebirthoftheuniverse.In1974hefirstrecognizedatrulyremarkablepropertyofblackholes,objectsfromwhichnothingwassupposedtobeabletoescape.HehaswrittentheinternationalbestsellerABriefHistoryofTime,ThehookspentmorethanfouryearsontheLondonSundayTimesbestsellerlist—thelongestrunforanybookinhistory.
2.Frankenstein:
anovel(1818)byanEnglishwriterMaryShelley(1797-1851).ItisthestoryofaSwissscientist.Dr.Frankenstein,whomakesalivingcreaturefrompiecesofdeadbodies.Thecreatureislikeaman,butstronger,andalthoughitisgentleatfirst,itlaterattacksandkillsseveralpeopleclosetoFrankenstein.Therehavebeenmanyfilmsbasedonthestoryandvariationsofit:
Everybodywasdressedupasaghost,isvampireorFrankenstein’smonster.
3.TheSkyatNight:
apopularBritishtelevisionprogramaboutthestarsandplanets,broadcasteverymonthbytheBBCsince1957.Itiswellknownforthewayinwhichitspresenter,PatrickMoore,givesscientificinformationinanentertainingway.
4.AlbertEinstein(1879-1955):
aphysicist,borninGermany,whowaspossiblythegreatestscientistofthe20thcentury.In1905hepublishedhistheoryofrelativity.Thisledtotheequationgivingtherelationshipbetweenmassandenergy.E=mc2,whichisthebasisofatomicenergy,Einsteinsuggestedhowitcouldbeusedformakingweapons,butafterWorldWarIIhespokepubliclyagainstnuclearweapons.By[917.hehadbecomefamousallovertheworld.HewasgiventheNobelPrizeforphysicsin1921,WhenHitlercametopower,Einstein,whowasJewish,wenttoliveintheUS,becomingaUScitizenin1940.In1933hewroteabookcalledWhyWar?
withSigmundFreud.HebecameaprofessoratPrincetonUniversityin1934,andhespenttherestofhislifelooking,withoutsuccess,foratheorythatcombinedthoseofgravitationandelectromagnetism.In1952hewasofferedthepresidencyofthestaleofIsrael,butdidnotacceptit.
III.Questionsaboutthetext:
1)WhatmakesHawking’sachievementsoremarkable?
(Thecontrastbetweenthestrengthofhismindandtheweaknessofhisbody.)
2)Pleasewritedownonasheetofpapersomeofthescientificandtechnologicaldiscoveriesthathavechangedorwillchangethewaypeoplelive.Twritesdownsomediscoversontheblackboard.
-----Inwhatwaysdothesediscoverieschangeourlivesforthebetter/worse?
(Anexample:
TVprovidespeoplewithquickandeasyaccesstoinformation,education,entertainment,etc.,butitalsoexposeschildrentoviolence,deprivesfamiliesoftimeandthewilltocommunicatewitheachother,etc.)(TV“theone-eyedmonster”,whichmakesusforgetwhattheworldwaslikewithoutit.However,televisioninitselfisneithergoodorbad.Itistheusestowhichitisputthatdeterminesitsvaluetosociety.)
3)Sumup:
Thesamescientificandtechnologicaldiscoverycanbringusgoodthingsandbadthings.Accordingtotheauthor,it’suptoustomakechangesheadtowardschangingourlivesforthebetter.ThesamestatementbyGlennT.SeaborgP71.
IV.Mainideaandtextorganization
Themainidea(toensurethesurvivalofhumancivilization,measuresmustbetakentohelpthepublicunderstandscience):
Thearticlebeginswiththestatementabouttheimmenseandirreversibleinfluenceofscienceandtechnologyonhumanlife,whichleadstothemainargumentofthewriterthatthepublicneedtohaveabasicunderstandingofsciencetoavoiduninformeddecisions.
Thewriterthenpointsoutthreewaysforeducatingpeople:
throughschooleducation,throughreplacingequationswithwordsanddiagramsandthroughmakinguseofallpopularmedia,andTVinparticular.Thearticleendswiththeconclusionthathumancivilizationwillsurviveifthepublicunderstandsciencewell.
Thestructureofthetext(introducingatopic,developingthetopicwithsupportingdetails,)----introducethebackground-----presenttheview------solvetheproblem------drawtheconclusion
DoTextOrganizationExerciseonP69.
ⅴ.LanguagePoints
1.attitude:
theopinionsandfeelingsthatyouusuallyhaveaboutsomething;viewpoint,opinion(usuallyfollowedbyto/towards)
e.g.Pete’sattitudetowardswomenreallyscaresme.
Hisson’sattitudetoworkmadehimangry.
Besides:
Altitude海拔latitude纬度longitude经度
2.likely:
1)probable,possible(whenfunctioningasanadjective,thewordisoftenusedinthefollowingpatterns:
itislikelythat…,belikelytodosth.)
e.g.Itislikelythatmyroommatewillwinthefirst-classscholarship.
Anearthquakeislikelytostriketheareainayearortwo.
2)probably(whenusedasanadverb.,thewordisoftenprecededby“most”,“morethan”,or“very”.Youdon’tuseitasanadverbonitsown.)
e.g.I’veverylikelyhavedonethesamethinginyoursituation.
Itisreportedthatanothersandstormwillverylikelycomeinthenext24hours.WewillmostlikelystayhomeduringtheSpringFestival.
Thepricehasmostlikelyriseby20%thesedays.
3.privilege:
aspecialadvantagethatisgivenonlytoonepersonorgroupofpeople.
e.g.Don’tforgetthatusingthecarisaprivilege,notaright.
Ladiesandgentlemen,Ihavethegreatprivilegeofintroducingourspeakerfortonight.
Minoritybeina/the~;aminorityof
4.dowithout:
managetosurvive,continue,orsucceedalthoughyoudonothavesth.youneed,want,orusuallyuse:
e.g.Ican’taffordacar,soIguessI’lljusthavetodowithout.
You’llhavetodowithoutyourdinnerifyoudon’tgetbackintime.
Asthemonitorisnothere,we’llhavetodowithouthim.只好让他去了。
Dowith:
1)与---相处;2)容忍
5.highly:
1)very:
Highlysuccessful/highlyskilled
2)toahighlevelorstandard;
e.g.Sheisahighlyeducatedwoman.
Thechairmanofthedepartmentwasthemosthighlypaidmemberoffaculty.
Tospeak/thinkhighlyof:
totellotherpeoplehowgoodsomeoneisatsomethingortothinktheyareverygoodatsomething.
6.brutishandbrutal
Theformermeanssuitableforanimalsratherthanpeopleorshowingstrongsociallyunacceptablefeeling野兽般的,野蛮的eg.eatwithbrutishenjoyment
Whilethelatermeans“cruel”orshowingnohumanfeeling残忍的,冷酷的eg.brutalwar
7.anyway:
(usedtochangethesubjectofaconversationortosupportanideaorargument)anyhow.
e.g.---I’vegotaterriblecold.
---Haveyou?
Oh,dear.Anyway,soyou’renotgoingtogoawaythisweekend?
Hesaidhedidn’tknowmuchaboutcomputersbutthathe’dtryandhelpusanyway.
8.put/turntheclockback:
togobacktotheideasormethodstriedbeforeinsteadofdoingthingsinanewormodernway;returntoasituationthatusedtoexist,usuallybecausethepresentsituationisunpleasant.
e.g.Theemploymentbillinwhichwomenarenotallowedtotakejobswillputtheclockbackfiftyyears.
Forgetallaboutitandlooktothefuture;youcan’tturntheclockback.
9.cutoff:
1)stopproviding(sth)
e.g.Theelectricitycompanyarethreateningtocutusoff.
TheUShascutoffaidtoPDRK.
Theirphonehasbeencutoffbecausetheyhaven’tpaidthebill.
2)toseparatesomethingbycuttingitfromthemainparts:
e.g.Shecutoffabigpieceofmeat.
Oneofhisfingerswascutoffintheaccident.
10.bringabout:
tomakesomethinghappen:
e.g.Computershavebroughtaboutmanychangesintheworkplace.
Jealousyinarelationshipisoftenbroughtaboutbyalackoftrust.
Someeducatorsarehopingtobringaboutmajorchangesintheeducationalsystem.
11.moreover:
formal.Awordmeaninginaddition,usetointroduceinformationthataddstoorsupportswhathaspreviouslybeensaid.
e.g.Therentisreasonableand,moreover,thelocationisperfect.
Shesawthattherewasamanimmediatelybehindher.Moreover,hewasobservingherstrangely.
12.inquire:
toasksomeoneforinformation(alsospelled“enquire”,sometimesfollowedbyaboutorwh-clause):
e.g.“Areyougettingmarried?
”thetelevisioninterviewerinquired.
IamwritingtoinquireaboutyouadvertisementinTheTimes.
Thewaiterinquiredwhetherwewouldliketositnearthewindow.
Heaskedforhiskeyandinquiredwhethertherehadbeenanymessagesforhim.
inquireinto:
toaskquestionsinordertogetmoreinformationaboutsomething:
调查,了解(themurder,herbackground)
e.g.Theinvestigationwillinquireintotheexactcircumstancesofthesale.
inquireofsb向某人询问inquireabout打听(theweathercondition)
inquireafter问候eg.I’llinquireafterhishealth.
inquirefor要求见到eg.Hehasbeeninquiringforyouattheoffice.
inquiryn.eg.theinquiryoffice问讯处•makeaninquiryaboutsth
inquiring:
adj.Onlybeforenoun.
aninquiringlookorexpressionshowsthatyouwanttoaskabouts
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