英语甘肃省酒泉市酒泉中学届高三下学期开校第一次诊断考试.docx
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英语甘肃省酒泉市酒泉中学届高三下学期开校第一次诊断考试.docx
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英语甘肃省酒泉市酒泉中学届高三下学期开校第一次诊断考试
甘肃省酒泉市酒泉中学2018届高三下学期
开校第一次诊断考试
本试卷分第
卷(选择题)和第
卷(非选择题)两部分。
满分120分,考试时间为100分钟。
第I卷(共70分)
第一部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题:
每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项。
A
CuyahogaValleyNationalParkVolunteerProgram
BuildingaCommunityofParkStewards
PositionTitle:
WildlifeVolunteer–ButterflyMonitors(2positions)
Dates:
MidMaytoSeptember,2018
Hours:
8~16hours/week
Location:
CuyahogaValleyNationalPark
Duties:
Parkstaffwilltrainvolunteersinbutterflyidentificationanddatarecordingforoneweekbeforevolunteersworkinteamoftwotohelptrackbutterflymonitoringareas.Butterflymonitoringareasare1~2milesinlengthandarewalkedonetimeperweek.Thereareatotalofthreebutterflymonitoringareaswithinthepark.Butterfliesareidentifiedbyusingbinoculars(望远镜)orbynettingandreleasing.Dataisrecordedondatasheets.
SkillsRequired:
Applicantsmusthaveselfmotivationanddesiretoworkwithothers.Volunteerswillworkduringdayswhentemperatureis70degreesormore,between10:
30amand5pm.Abilitytowalkalongdistanceinhotandhumidconditionsisneeded.Skillswithbasicbutterflyidentificationarenotamustbuthelpful.
Requirements:
ApplicantsmustcompleteaNationalParkServiceAgreementandhavetheirbackgroundslookedinto.U.S.citizenshipisrequired.ApplicantsmustbecurrentKentStateUniversitystudents.
HowtoApply:
PleaserequestanapplicationfromMikeJohnsonatgkovach@kent.eduandsenditbacktoMikeJohnsonatgkovach@kent.edu,withtheabovepositiontitleasthesubject,byFebruary15,2018.Ifofferedaninterview,pleasecometoCuyahogaValleyNationalParkwithyourpersonalresumeintroducingyoureducationandyourpreviousworkexperience.
Forfurtherinformation,pleasecallJamieWaltersat(330)657-2142oremailjwalters@forcvnp.org.
1.Whatwillavolunteerdointhisprogram?
A.Walk1~2mileseveryday.B.Helpmakeadatarecord.
C.Workatleast16hoursperweek.D.Identifybutterflymonitoringareas.
2.Applicantsforthejobmust______.
A.havetheskillsofbutterflyidentificationB.beuniversitygraduates
C.havetheirbackgroundscheckedD.designaprogram
3.Toapplyforthepassion,oneneedsto______.
A.sendtheapplicationtogkovach@kent.edu
B.visitJamieWaltersattheoffice
C.handinaresumebeforeFebruary15
D.call(330)657-2142
B
“Hi,Mrs.Grady,”saidMarkwhentheirneighboropenedherdoor.“Wouldyoulikeustoshovel(铲)yoursidewalkanddriveway?
”ShovelingwasJamie’sidea,awaytoearnenoughmoneyforthenewOceanKingdomvideogamethatcameoutthenextday.
Mrs.Gradywashappy,“Thatwouldbewonderful,boys.Ithinkthejobisgettingtobetoomuchforme.”
“Itwillcost10dollars,”Jamiesaid.“Ifthat’sOK,”Markadded.
“Ohdear,”Mrs.Gradysaiddisappointedly,“Ihaven’tbeenabletogettothebank.Icanofferhomemadecookies,butIrealizethat’snotwhatyouhadinmind.”
MarkwasgoingtosaythatMrs.Gradycouldpaythemanothertime,butJamiecuthimoff.“We’llcomebacklater.”
Mrs.Gradydoesn’tlooklikethepersonwho’dcometoMark’srescuelastsummerwhenMr.Dunn’sdogGoldiehadjustwantedtoplay,butMarkdidn’tfeelcomfortablearoundbigdogs.Hewantedtocallforhelp,buthistongueseemedlockedbehindhisteeth.ThenMrs.Grady’sfrontdoorhadflownopen.Shemusthaveseenhimfromacrossthestreet.“Holdon,Mark.I’mcoming!
”“Goldie”she’dcalled.AssoonasGoldiehadturnedherhead,Mrs.GradyhadslippedbetweenMarkandthedog.Shewasn’tmuchtallerthanMark,butshe’dstoodfirmasarockinfrontofhim.“Goldie,gohome!
”Thenshe’dsweptherbroomtohurrythedogalong.“Get!
”Goldiehadobeyed.
WhenMarkshowedthankstoMrs.Grady,Mrs.Gradylaughed.“Itwasnothing.Goodneighborswatchoutforeachother,don’tthey?
”
AndnowMrs.GradyneededMarkasmuchashe’dneededherlastsummer.HesmiledandwavedatMrs.Grady,thenhisshoveldeepintothesnow.
“Hey!
”Jamieshouted.“Whatareyoudoing?
”Markcouldn’texplainaboutGoldieandwatchingoutforneighbors.“IlikeMrs.Grady’scookies,”hesaid.
4.WhydidJamieandMarkplantoclearthesnowforMrs.Gradyatfirst?
A.Tohelpthelady.B.TovisitNewKingdom.
C.Toearnpocketmoney.D.Todovolunteerwork.
5.Mrs.Gradycouldn’tpaythemmostprobablybecause________.
A.shecouldn’tfindthebankB.shedidn’thaveenoughcash
C.shethoughtitwasworthlessD.shecouldn’taffordit
6.Accordingtothestory,whichofthefollowingwordscanbeusedtodescribeMrs.Gradybest?
A.Helpful.B.Hopeful.C.Hardworking.D.Greedy.
7.Whichofthefollowingproverbcanbestsummarizethestory?
A.Apennysavedisapennyearned.B.Birdsofafeatherflocktogether.
C.Kindnessisrepaidwithkindness.D.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.
C
AccordingtonewresearchfromtheUniversityofCambridgeinEngland,sheepareabletorecognizehumanfacesfromphotographs.
Thefarmanimals,whoaresocialandhavelargebrains,werepreviouslyknowntobeabletorecognizeoneanother,aswellasfamiliarhumans.However,theirabilitytorecognizehumanfacesfromphotosaloneisnovel.
Therecentstudy,theresultsofwhichwerepublishedinthejournalRoyalSociety:
OpenScience,showsthewoollycreaturescouldbetrainedtorecognizestillimagesofhumanfaces,includingthoseofformerPresidentBarackObamaandactressEmmaWatson.
Initially,thesheepweretrainedtoapproachcertainimagesbybeinggivenfoodrewards.Later,theywereabletorecognizetheimagesforwhichtheyhadbeenrewarded.Thesheepcouldevenrecognizeimagesoffacesshownatanangle,thoughtheirabilitytodosodeclinedbyabout15percent—thesamerateatwhichahuman’sabilitytoperformthesametaskdeclines.
“Anyonewhohasspenttimeworkingwithsheepwillknowthattheyareintelligent,individualanimalswhoareabletorecognizetheirhandlers,”saidProfessorJennyMorton,wholedtheCambridgestudy.“We’veshownwithourstudythatsheephaveadvancedface-recognitionabilities,comparablewiththoseofhumansandmonkeys.”
Recognizingfacesisoneofthemostimportantsocialskillsforhumanbeings,andsomedisordersofthebrain,includingHuntington’sdisease,affectthisability.
“Sheeparelong-livedandhavebrainsthataresimilarinsizeandcomplexitytothoseofsomemonkeys.Thatmeanstheycanbeusefulmodelstohelpusunderstanddisordersofthebrain,suchasHuntington’sdisease,thatdevelopoveralongtimeandaffectcognitiveabilities.Ourstudygivesusanotherwaytomonitorhowtheseabilitieschange,”Mortonsaid.
8.Accordingtothenewresearch,what’sunusualaboutsheep?
A.Theyhavelargebrains.
B.Theycanrecognizehumanfacesfromphotographs.
C.Theycantellanimalsfromhumans.
D.Theycanrecognizetheirowners.
9.Howdidtheresearcherstrainthesheep?
A.Byguidingthemtofollowtheirhandlers.
B.Byshowingphotosoffamouspeople.
C.Byshowingphotosofhumansandmonkeysbyturns.
D.Bygivingfoodrewards.
10.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?
A.Thenewdiscoveryisbeneficialtothestudyofcognitiveabilitychanges.
B.Thesheep’sface-recognitionabilitystaysthesamewhenshownphotosatanyangle.
C.Sheephaveahigherface-recognitionabilitythanmonkeys.
D.Thesheep’sface-recognitionabilitymaypreventsomedisordersofthebrain.
11.What’sthepassagemainlyabout?
A.AWonderfulScientistB.HowSheepRecognizeEachOther
C.ANewdiscoveryaboutSheepD.TheLifeofSheep
D
Thewordtoleranceiswidelyusedinliberaldemocracies(自由民主).Itindicatesapositivemeaning.Politiciansurgeustobetoleranttowardsminorities.Educatorsteachustobetoleranttowardstheother.Thepressisfullofreferencestotheneedtodisplaytolerancewhenfacedwithindividualsorgroupsespousing(拥护)adifferentvieworholdingadifferentreligiousbelief.Atolerantsocietyisanobjectivesoughtafterbyanyonewhobelievesinthevaluesofdemocracy.Atolerantindividualisattributed(认为……是)withvirtuousqualities.
Thequestionwemustaskiswhetherwehavebeenusingthewordtolerancefullyawareofitsmeaningandwhetherwehaveapplieditcorrectlytoreflectwhatwereallywishtoconvey.
Thewordtolerancemeanstobear,ortobearwith.IfItoleratesomethingorsomeone,IbasicallysaythatIamreadytobearitorhim.Icantolerateabadsmelloranoisyneighbour.Theactoftolerationforcesmetodesistfromconveyingmyobjectiontotheexistenceofaphenomenon,whichIfinddifficulttobear.Abadsmelloranoisyneighbourisconsideredbymetobeanobjectionablephenomenon.Bytoleratingeitherofthem,Iamnottransformingthebadsmellorthenoisyneighbourintopositivephenomena.Let'sbehonest:
Idon'thaveadifferenttastewhenitcomestobadsmells.Isimplydislikeitandwishthatitdisappears.Idon'trespectthenoisyneighbour.IwouldratherhavehimstopatoncethenoiseheismakingsoIcanliveinpeace.
Atolerantattitudeinvolvesthegrant(授给物)ofafavour,notaright.Thequestionweshouldaskourselvesiswhetherwewouldeverwishaparliament(议会)tomakelawsaccordingtocertainactionsinterpretedasafavourratherthanaright?
Indeed,wouldweeverwishanyonetolistentoourviewsandacceptusthewaywearesimplybecauseheiskindenoughtotolerateus?
12.Thefirsttwoparagraphsaremainlyintendedtoshowthat__________.
A.toleranceisasymbolofliberaldemocracies
B.people’sunderstandingoftoleranceisone-sided
C.democraticsocietyalwaysadvocatestolerance
D.tolerancecanbeappliedtomanysituations
13.Theunderlin
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