状语从句.docx
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状语从句.docx
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状语从句
一.时间状语从句
时间状语从句是由when,as,while,after,before,since,until,assoonas等从属连词引导的状语从句。
1.when当…的时候
WhenIgrowup,Iwilltravelaroundtheworld.
WewerewatchingTVwhensuddenlythelightwentout.
WhenIfinishedmyhomework,Iwenttobedatonce.
Whenhismothercameback,Tomhadalreadygonetoschool.
2.while①当。
。
。
时表示主从句的动作同时发生,while后引导的状语从句的动词必须是持续动词或状态,用进行时;也允许主从句都用进行时。
Hevisitedalotofplaceswhilehewastraveling.
Iwasdoingmyhomeworkwhilemyfatherwaswashinghiscar.
②表示对比,解释为“而”
Theyusedtobemiddleschoolclassmates.Nowheisadoctorwhilesheisstillstudyingabroad.
3.as在…的同时;一边…一边…
Hesmiledashestoodup.
Aswewalked,wetalked.
JustasIwasleaving,thetelephonerang.(用justas表示两件事在时间上很接近)
4.since自。
。
。
以来,到现在
表示自过去的一个起点时间到目前(说话时间)为止的一段持续时间。
主句动词必须是持续动词,一般用现在完成时,从句用一般过去时。
MrGreenhastaughtinthatschoolsincehecametochinathreeyearsago.
还可以用作介词,本句从句还可以用时间状语短语:
sincethreeyearsago表示。
★特殊句型:
Itis+一段时间+since
Itisfiveyearssincewemetlasttime.=Wemetlasttimefiveyearsago.
5.till/until
都可以作连词,连接时间状语,till在口语中用的较多,句首一般用until,而不用till。
Theywalkedtill/untilitwasdark.(主句动词是持续动词)
XiaoMingdidn’tleavehometill/untilhisfathercameback.(主句动词是瞬间动词)
6.bythetime到。
。
。
为止(所在句子的主句用过去完成式完成时)
BythetimeIgottoschool,theclasshadalreadybegun.
★难点——as/when/while的辨析
as/when/while都表示主、从句动作同时发生,三者差异如下:
as表示“一边。
。
。
一边"的意思,强调两个动作同时进行,并表示对比时用于发生时间较段时
when还可以表示从句动词的动作在主几句动词的动作"之前"或"之后"发生。
while①用于时间较长时
②强调两个动作同时进行,并表示对比时
有时这三个连词可以互换,有时不可以。
注意
1.Itwasraininghardwhen(as)Igotthere.
(动作同时发生,when可换为as,但不能换为while,因为get是瞬间动词.)
2.WhenIgottothecinema,thefilmhadbegun.
(从句的动作发生在主句之后,只能用when,并要注意时态)
3.ShethoughtIwastalkingaboutherdaughter,while,infact,Iwastalkingaboutmydaughter.
(表转折,对比,when,as都不能代替)
4.MotherwasworriedbecauselittleAlicewasill,especiallyas(when/while)fatherwasaway.
(此时as,when,while可通用)
二.条件状语从句
条件状语从句常用连词:
if,unless
1.Ifitdoesn’traintomorrow,wewillgohiking.
2.Youwillbelateunlessyouleaveimmediately
=Ifyoudon’tleaveimmediately,youwillbelate.
用条件状语从句时要注意时态的正确使用,当主句是将来时的时候,从句要用一般现在时.
三.原因状语从句
原因状语从句常用连词:
because,since,as,nowthat
Ididn’tgotoschoolyesterdaybecauseIwasill.
在语气上最重,表示的是直接理由,回答why时只能用它;不能与so连用。
Since/Nowthateverybodyishere,let’sbeginourmeeting.
表示双方已知的事实或理由,强调未发生的结果。
Asyouareinpoorhealth,youshouldnotstayuplate.
表示双方已知的事实或理由,强调已发生或经常发生的结果。
四.结果状语从句
结果状语从句中常用连词:
so…that,such…that
1.so+形容词或副词+that
such+形容词+任何名词+that
Thescientist’sreportwassoattractivethatwewereallveryexcited.
Healwaysstudiedsohardthathemadegreatprogress.
It’ssuchniceweatherthatallofuswanttogotothepark.
2.so+形容词+a/an+单数名词+that
such+a/an+形容词+单数名词+that
Mikeissohonestamanthatweallbelievehim.
=Mikeissuchanhonestmanthatweallbelievehim.
3.somany/much/few/little(少的)+名词+that
I’vehadsomanyfallsthatI’mblackandblueallover.
TherearesofewnotebooksthatIcan’tgiveyouany.
五.目的状语从句
目的状语从句中常用连词:
sothat,inorderthat
I’llrunslowlysothatyoucancatchupwithme.
Iopenedthewindowsothatfreshairmightcomein.
从句的谓语里常有can,could,may,might,will,would等情态动词。
六.让步状语从句
让步状语从句中常用连词:
though,although
though,although都不能和but连用,但是他们都可以同yet(still)连用
Althoughheisrichbutheisnothappy.(×)
Althoughheisrich,yetheisnothappy.(√)
Althoughwehavegrownup,ourparentstreatusaschildren.(√)
Althoughwehavegrownup,ourparentsstilltreatusaschildren.(√)
填入适当的状语从句连词
1.______youwon’thelpme,Imustdoitmyself.
2.ShedislikesJohn’smanners______sheenjoyshislecture.
3.Wewillsendthemoney______thegoodsaredelivered.
4.Iwilltellyouthesecret______youdon’ttellanyoneelseaboutit.
5.______thepupilswalkedalongthestreet,theysanghappily.
6.Thesingerclearedhisthroat______hebegantosingasong.
7.Maryalwaystakesaseatinthefrontrow______shecanhearbetter.
8.Theliftwasoutoforderyesterday,______wehadtowalktothe16thfloor.
9.______IwasinNewYork,Ioftenhadmealsinthatfastfoodrestaurant.
10.Wedidn’tnoticeanythingwrongwiththecomputer______westartedusingit.
11.Theyoungdoctorwasabitnervous______itwashisfirsttimetooperateonapatient.
12.Theelephanthas______strongabody______itcandoheavyworkforpeople.
13.Mr.Greenhasbeentomanyplaces______hecametoourcountry.
14.Johnsaid______hewouldphoneus______hegottoAmerica.
15.______youlikeitverymuch,I’llletyouhavethebike.
16.______shesearchedthewholeroom,thegirlwouldn’tfindarightcoatforherself.
17.Janewas______acarefulgirl______shefinishedhertestpaperwithoutanymistakes.
18.Therewere______manypeople______Icouldn’tfindMary.
19.Themanhadsomeofhisteethpulledout______hecouldn’teatanythinghard.
动词+复合宾语:
(一)在动词see,watch,hear,feelnotice后面的复合宾语中作宾语的不定式,要省略to:
See/hear/watch/noticesomebodydosomething
Ioftenheartheboysinginthenextroom.
Whatdidyounoticetheladywear?
(二)使役动词have,make,let后面的复合宾语中作宾语的不定式,要省略to:
Hermothermadehercleantheroom.
她的妈妈让她打扫房间。
wehaveherjoinus.
我们让她假如我们。
(三)See/watch/notice/hear等动词后面可以跟名词(代词)加现在分词,也可以跟名词(代词)加不带to的不
定式(作宾语补足语)。
区别:
跟现在分词:
表示动作正在进行;
跟不带to的不定式:
表示动作全过程。
IsawJennyplayingthepianowhenIpassedherroom.
IsawJennygoupstairs.
Wesawalittlegirlplayingthepiano.我们看到一个小女孩在弹钢琴。
Wesawalittlegirlplaythepiano.我们看到一个小女孩弹钢琴的。
翻译:
Shehearssomeonesinginginthehall.
我们看见一个小男孩在河边玩耍的。
I.Choosethebestanswer.(20分)
()1.A:
HowcanIsend_________urgentletter,sir?
B:
Oh,you'dbetterasktheclerkoverthereforhelp.
A.aB.anC.theD./
()2.TheMoonlightSonatasounds___________.
A.wellB.beautifulC.wonderfullyD.badly
()3.Totell_________thetruth,Iamverysorryforthedeadchildrenintheearthquake.
A.youB.yourC.yoursD.yourself
()4.Thebosswantedtohire_______workerstodo_____work.
1)few,moreB.more,fewC.fewer,moreD.more,less
()5.Whatwillourlifebelike________?
A.intenyear'stimeB.intenyears'timeC.fortenyears'timeD.fortenyear'stime
()6.--Yourclothesare________.Maybeyoushouldbuysomenewclothes.
--Ithinkso,Idon'tlookcool.
A.instyleB.outofthestyleC.outofstyleD.inthestyle
()7.Whataresomethings_______happenonsoapoperas?
A.thatB.whatC.itD.where
()8.Itmademethinkaboutdifferences________foodculture________Chinaandwesterncountries.
1)in,betweenB.between,inC.from,betweenD.between,in
()9.Ontheirwayhomethey________agroupofboystalkingnearthepark.
1sawB.lookedC.foundoutD.watched
()10.Couldyoutellmewhen______leaveforLondon?
A.willyouB.youwillC.wouldyouD.youwould
()11.Areyousureyoucanmakethebaby_________?
A.stoppingcryingB.stopstocryC.tostopcryD.stopcrying
()12._______didheweighwhenhewassixyearsold?
A.HowbigB.HowmuchC.HowmanyD.Howweight
()13.Letmetellyouwhatthejob______.I’msureyouwillbeinterested.
A.includeB.involveC.includesD.involves
()14.--LittleKatedidn'tgotoschoolyesterday,didshe?
--Yes,shedid,_________itrainedheavilyyesterday.
A.becauseB.thoughC.butD.if
()15.Whenwegottothestation,thetrain________.
A.leftB.hasleftC.hadleftD.hadbeenleft
()16.It’sgoingtorainthisafternoon.._______yougo,you’dbettertakeyourumbrellawithyou.
A.NomatterB.NomatterhowC.NomatterwhatD.Nomatterwhere
()17.Theteachertoldme______lateforschoolagain.
A.nottobeB.don'tbeC.don'ttobeD.notbe
()18.Chinaislargerthan____inAfrica.
A.anyothercountryB.othercountriesC.theothercountryD.anycountry
()19.He_______theArmybytheendof1989.He______inthearmysincethen.
A.joined...isB.hasjoined...hasbeenC.hadjoined...isD.hadjoined...hasbeen
()20.--Ifyouhaveanytrouble,besuretocallme.
--________________.
A.IamabletohearthatB.Iwill,thankyouverymuch
C.IhopesoD.Thankgoodness
II.Completethesentenceswiththegivenwordsintheirproperforms.(8分)
1.Mysisterworksas__________(library)
2.Everyoneknowsthe____________ofkeepinghealthy.(important)
3.Let'staketheliftuptotherestaurantonthefloor.(twenty)
4.TheBird’sNesthasbecomeoneofthemost_________placesofinterestinBeijing.(attract)
5.Outdooreducationcampprovidesalotofoutdoor__________forstudents.(act)
6._________isthemostimportantthingtous.(honest)
7.The______examsusuallytakeplaceattheendofJune.(finally)
8.WangWei,theyoungpilot,_________forourcountry.(dead)
III.Rewritethesentencesasrequired.(12分)
1.Thedoctoradvisedthepatienttotakethismedicinethreetimesaday.(对划线部分提问)
___________________________thedoctoradvisethepatienttotakethismedicine?
2.Thesquareisverybig.Itcanholdthousandsofpeople.(合并为一句)
Thesquareis__________________________holdthousandsofpeople.
3.It’sfuntohaveapicniconamountain.(改感叹句)
_______________itistohaveapicniconamountain!
4.Putonyourcoat,oryou'llcatchacold.(保持原句意思)
__________you__________putonyourcoat,you'llcatchacold.
5.Myclassmateswrotethearticlejustnow.(改为被动语态))
Thearticle________________bymyclassmatesjustnow.
A.TrueorFalse(判断下列句子是否符合短文内容,符合的用“T”表示,不符合的用“F”表示,填入空格内):
(共6分)
(A)
Todaypeoplecanusethetelephonetotalkwithothersalmostanywhereontheearth.Butwhenyouusethe
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