123考研语法第36堂学生讲义.docx
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123考研语法第36堂学生讲义.docx
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123考研语法第36堂学生讲义
第三节:
主干家族
写作应用
一、主干写作初识(不定项选择)
1.我爱过。
Iloved.
Ihaveloved.
Ilovedyou.
Iusedtoloveyou.
2.他一度很难成功。
A.Hewashardtosucceed.
B.Hewasdifficulttosucceed.
C.Successisnoteasytohim.
D.Successwasnoteasytohim.
3.武汉有一个女孩有一颗真诚的心。
A.Wuhanhasagirl,withasincereheart.
B.ThereisagirlinWuhanwhohasasincereheart.
C.ThereisagirlwithasincereheartinWuhan.
D.InWuhanexistsagirl,withasincereheart.
4.我的翻译写得很好。
A.Mytranslationwritesgood.
B.Mytranslationwriteswell.
C.Iwritethetranslationwell.
D.Mytranslationiswrittenwell.
5.期待见到你。
A.Ilookforwardtomeetyou.
B.Lookforwardtomeetyou.
C.Lookingforwardtomeetingyou.
D.Ilookforwardtomeetingyou.
6.我今天吃食堂。
A.Ieatcanteentoday.
B.Ieatincanteentoday.
C.Ieatsomethinginthecanteentoday.
D.Ieatinthecanteentoday.
二、主干写作应用:
主谓:
这一数字从2010到2020年增加。
主谓宾:
它已经产生了至关重要的影响。
主系表:
有一个年轻的美国女孩。
主谓宾宾:
新时代将带给我们机遇和挑战。
主谓宾补:
我感谢您关注我的来信。
三、重点词法梳理:
“三姨太”
标志词
谓语动词形式(6+1)
四、重点词法应用:
1.动词正确形式填空:
Recently,there________(be)agrowingconcernoverthetopicofthechoiceaftergraduation.
Noagreement________(reach)bythetwosidesinthepast.
Butthetrend________(continue)inthenearfuture.
2.翻译:
原因列举如下。
(list)
活动不久将举办。
(host)
已经得出了一个结论。
(draw)
3.阅读理解:
Ofallthecomponentsofagoodnight’ssleep,dreamsseemtobeleastwithinourcontrol.Indreams,awindowopensintoaworldwherelogicissuspendedanddeadpeoplespeak.Acenturyago,Freudformulatedhisrevolutionarytheorythatdreamswerethedisguisedshadowsofourunconsciousdesiresandfears;bythelate1970s,neurologistshadswitchedtothinkingofthemasjust“mentalnoise”—therandombyproductsoftheneural-repairworkthatgoesonduringsleep.Nowresearcherssuspectthatdreamsarepartofthemind’semotionalthermostat,regulatingmoodswhilethebrainis“off-line.”Andoneleadingauthoritysaysthattheseintenselypowerfulmentaleventscanbenotonlyharnessedbutactuallybroughtunderconsciouscontrol,tohelpussleepandfeelbetter,“It’syourdream,”saysRosalindCartwright,chairofpsychologyatChicago’sMedicalCenter.“Ifyoudon’tlikeit,changeit.”(2003年英一阅读)
Researchershavecometobelievethatdreams________.
[A]canbemodifiedintheircourses
[B]aresusceptibletoemotionalchanges
[C]reflectourinnermostdesiresandfears
[D]arearandomoutcomeofneuralrepairs
五、写作守门员法则:
1.Youexplainedthatyourparentshadbeenillatthatmomentyesterday.(1999英一改错题)
2.Allthosesoundgreatlyintheory.(1999英一改错题)
3.ThegirllikeChineseculture.Culturesaroundtheworldisbecomingsimilarlytoday.TheculturalcommunicationmakemoreforeignerknowChina.Chinahasopeneditsdoortotheworldin1979,morepeoplevisitChina,becomeinterestedinChineseculture.Theycommunicatemorewithpeoplebelongtoothercultures.(2002英一大作文)
第四节:
语法理论—修饰集团定语
一、定语的作用
二、定语的形式
三姑
1.atoughguy;asuspiciousface
2.arunningman;awindingroad;oil-importingemergingeconomies
3.profit-drivenbusinessmen;market-orientedeconomy
六婆
1.
astudentmajoringinArt
amanrunningontheplayground
economiesemergingfromAsia
2.
businessmendrivenbyprofits
timespentonsocialmedia
bookspublishedinthe20thcentury
3.
theabilitytopay
awaytoboostprofits
aproblemtobesolved
4.
theappleofmyeye
theimmigrationofEuropeanpeoples
thereaderundertheageofforty
5.
agirlkindtome
thefoodanddrinknecessarytous
somethingcrucialandessential
6.
n.+that/wh-...
agirlwhoisbeautiful
笔记区域:
1.themonkeyatthesideofawindingroad(2002年英一阅读)
2.themarketingofproductsforchildren(2012年英二阅读)
3.therevivaloftheU.S.economyinthe1990s(2000年英一阅读)
4.intimateshopscateringtoaknowledgeableelite(2006年英一阅读)
5.thechangestakingplaceinEnglish-languagenewspapersduringthepastcentury(2010年英一阅读)
6.onemorereasonnottolosesleepovertheriseinoilprices(2002年英一阅读)
7.thebackgroundofgeneralcommodity-priceinflationandglobalexcessdemand(2002年英一阅读)
8.physiciansfrustratedbytheirinabilitytocurethediseaseandfearinglossofhopeinthepatient(2003年英一阅读)
9.theunfocusednewspaperreviewspublishedinEnglandbetweentheturnofthe20thcenturyandtheeveofWorldWarII(2010英一阅读)
10.theinexorabledeclineinthescopeandseriousnessoftheirartscoverage(2010英一阅读)
第五节翻译阅读应用——修饰集团定语
一、多重定语的翻译应用:
1.ThelossofU.S.predominanceintheworldeconomyinthe1980sismanifestedinthefact.(2000年英一阅读)
2.Beethoven’shabitofincreasingthevolumewithanextremeintensitywasonlyrarelyusedbycomposersbeforehim.(2014年英一翻译)
3.Ashifttootherfuelsandadeclineintheimportanceofheavy,energy-intensiveindustrieshavereducedoilconsumption.(2002年英一阅读)
4.AlargenumberoftoppeoplehavesurnamesbeginningwithlettersbetweenAandK.(2004年英一阅读)
5.Peopleareabsorbedinto“acultureofconsumption”launchedbythe19th-centurydepartmentstores.(2006年英一阅读)
6.Physiciansfrustratedbytheirinabilitytocurethediseaseandfearinglossofhopeinthepatientoftenofferaggressivetreatment.(2003年英一阅读)
7.Quickandwell-orchestratedsocial-mediaresponsecampaignincludedeffortstoengagewithconsumersonsitessuchasTwitterandthesocial-newssiteDigg.(2011年英一阅读)
8.Worksofseveralhistoriansrevealthemoralcompromisesmadebythenation’searlyleadersandthefragilenatureofthecountry’sinfancy.(2008年英一阅读)
二、多重定语的阅读应用:
Onemorereasonnottolosesleepovertheriseinoilpricesisthat,unliketherisesinthe1970s,ithasnotoccurredagainstthebackgroundofgeneralcommodity-priceinflationandglobalexcessdemand.
翻译主干:
____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Thewriterseems________.
[A]optimistic
[B]sensitive
[C]gloomy
[D]scared
Anyfair-mindedassessmentofthedangersofthedealbetweenBritain'sNationalHealthService(NHS)andDeepMindmuststartbyacknowledgingthatbothsidesmeanwell.(2018Text3)
翻译主干:
_____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
WhatistrueoftheagreementbetweentheNHSandDeepMind?
[A]Itcausedconflictsamongtechgiants.
[B]Itfailedtopaydueattentiontopatients'rights.
[C]Itfellshortofthelatter'sexpectations.
[D]Itputbothsidesintoadangeroussituation.
Inspiteof“endlesstalkofdifference,”Americansocietyisanamazingmachineforhomogenizingpeople.Thereis“thedemocratizinguniformityofdressanddiscourse,andthecasualnessandabsenceofdeference”characteristicofpopularculture.Peopleareabsorbedinto“acultureofconsumption”launchedbythe19th-centurydepartmentstoresthatoffered“vastarraysofgoodsinanelegantatmosphere.Insteadofintimateshopscateringtoaknowledgeableelite,”thesewerestoresthat“anyonecouldenter,regardlessofclassorbackground.Thisturnedshoppingintoapublicanddemocraticact.”Themassmedia,advertisingandsportsareotherforcesforhomogenization.(2006英一阅读)
Accordingtotheauthor,thedepartmentstoresofthe19thcentury________.
[A]playedaroleinthespreadofpopularculture
[B]becameintimateshopsforcommonconsumers
[C]satisfiedtheneedsofaknowledgeableelite
[D]oweditsemergencetothecultureofconsumption
翻译定语:
____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
第六节高分写作应用——修饰集团定语
一、定语写作初识:
三姑:
adj/doing/done
帅气的男孩:
善良的女孩:
小红花:
六婆:
doing.../todo.../done.../adj.../prep.../that
坐在他旁边的女孩:
高中的女孩:
一朵他做的花儿:
一个帅气的艺术专业的男孩送给那个在高中坐在他旁边的善良的女孩一朵亲自制作的小红花。
二、定语写作应用:
解释问题的原因:
thereasons(account)fortheproblem;
导致变化的因素:
thefactors(lead)tothechanges;
要解决的问题:
aproblem(address)
教育扮演的角色:
arole(play)byeducation
图片反映的现象:
thephenomenon(mirror)bythepicture;
现象背后的隐藏的原因:
()reasons()
要考虑的最重要的因素:
()factor()
图片反映的现象背后的驱动力:
thedrivingforce()
这一现象背后的隐藏的原因是什么?
首先,要考虑的最重要的因素是全面发展。
其次,我们应该密切关注教育扮演的角色。
这两个原因是图片反映的现象背后的驱动力。
笔记区域:
三、课后练习:
用正确的形式组合单词并翻译
1.表示祝愿的新年礼物拉近了人们之间的距离。
(2015英二大作文)
2.图中站在左边的那个人露出了不满和失望的表情。
(2012英一大作文)
3.有一位身穿传统中国服装的美国少女。
(2002英一大作文)
4.有一个把崇拜写在脸上的狂热中国粉丝。
(2006英一大作文)
5.这个讲座所传达的主题是文化与艺术的完美融合。
(2017英二小作文)
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