专八改错题及答案.docx
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专八改错题及答案.docx
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专八改错题及答案
3月专八真题:
改错某些
Thecentralproblemoftranslatinghasalwaysbeenwhethertotranslateliterallyor
freely.Theargumenthasbeengoingsinceatleastthefirst
(1)______
centuryB.C.Uptothebeginningofthe19thcentury,manywriters favoured
certainkindof“free”translation:
thespirit,nottheletter;the
(2)_______
sensenottheword;themessagerathertheform;thematternot(3)_______
themanner.Thisistheoftenrevolutionarysloganofwriterswho(4)_______
wantedthetruthtobereadandunderstood.Thenintheturnofthe19th(5)____
century,whenthestudyofculturalanthropologysuggestedthat
thelinguisticbarrierswereinsuperableandthatthelanguage(6)_______
wasentirelytheproductofculture,theviewtranslationwasimpossible(7)_____
gainedsomecurrency,andwithitthat,ifwasattemptedatall,itmustbeas(8)__
literalaspossible.Thisviewculminatedthestatementofthe(9)_______
extreme“literalists”WalterBenjaminandVladimirNobokov.
Theargumentwastheoretical:
thepurposeofthetranslation,thenature
ofthereadership,thetypeofthetext,wasnotdiscussed.Toooften,
writer,translatorandreaderwereimplicitlyidentifiedwitheachother.
Now,thecontexthaschanged,andthebasicproblemremains.(10)_____
参照答案:
1.going后加on
2.certain改为acertain
3.rather改为not
4.is改为was
5.in改为at
6.去掉第二个the
7.view背面加that
8.去掉was
9.culminated背面加in
10.and改为but
3月专八真题:
改错某些
Fromaveryearlyage,perhapstheageoffiveorsix,IknewthatwhenIgrewIshouldbeawriter.Betweentheagesofaboutseventeenandtwenty-four
(1)Itriedtoabandonthisidea,butIdidsowiththeconscience
(2)thatIwasoutragingmytruenatureandthatsoonorlaterIshouldhaveto(3)settledownandwritebooks.
Iwasthechildofthree,buttherewasagapoffiveyearsoneitherside(4)andIbarelysawmyfatherbeforeIwaseight.ForthisandotherreasonsIwassomewhatlonely,andIsoondevelopeddisagreeingmannerismswhich(5)mademeunpopularthroughoutmyschooldays.Ihadthelonelychild’shabitofmakingupstoriesandholdingconversationswithimaginativepersons,and(6)Ithinkfromtheverystartmyliteralambitionsweremixedupwith(7)thefeelingofbeingisolatedandundervalued.IknewthatIhadafacilitywithwordsandapoweroffacinginunpleasantfacts,andIfeltthatthiscreated(8)asortofprivateworld whichIcouldgetmyownbackformyfailureineverydaylife(9)Therefore,thevolumeofserious—i.e.seriouslyintended—writingwhichIproduced(10)allthroughmychildhoodandboyhoodwouldnotamounttohalfadozenpages.Iwrotemyfirstpoemattheageof
five,mymothertakingitdowntodictation.
1.grew后加up
2.conscience改成consciousness
3.soon改成sooner
4.the和child之间加middle
5.disagreeing改成disagreeable
6.imaginative改成imaginary
7.literal改成literary
8.in去掉
9.which前加in
10.Therefore,改成Nevertheless
改错题出自:
GeorgeOrwell《WhyIWrite》前两段
第1个错误出当前grew.解析:
grow表成长,如人和动植物成长。
如果要表“长大”就要用短语:
growup。
2.句中conscience有如下释义:
1.良心,良知2.良知1.良心2.第三类法庭而consciousness表达1.意识到,懂得.2.意识,觉悟3.意识状态4.苏醒句子意思是:
我意识到这是在违背我本性。
3.第三句考固定搭配:
soonerorlater迟早。
难点:
outrage违背做动词。
4.按句子意思作者排行老二家里上面和下面均有个小孩因而加上middle
5.disagreeing为disagreeing,意思是“不批准不认同”。
改为:
disagreeable表1.不合意;不高兴;讨厌2.难相处,脾气坏
6.imaginative改成imaginary,解析:
imaginative表达人富有想像力;富于想像;有创造力。
而imaginary表达想像中;虚构;幻想如:
animaginaryfriend想像中朋友
7.literal表“文字”改成literary指文学作者文学志向与野心
8. facesth.直面某个事实.不用接介词in
9.定语从句,修饰world,有介词要用在which前,不能省略
10.Therefore,改成Nevertheless句子有转折意思,作者说她始终沉溺在自己内心世界,然而童年时代所写东西数目不多。
而非因而,童年所写东西不多。
3月专八真题:
改错某些
Sofaraswecantell,allhumanlanguagesareequallycompleteandperfectasinstrumentsofcommunication:
thatis,
(1)everylanguageappearstobewellequippedasanyothertosay
(2)thethingstheirspeakerswanttosay.(3)Theremayormaynotbeappropriatetotalkaboutprimitivepeoplesorcultures,butthatisanothermatter.Certainly,notallgroupsofpeopleareequallycompetentinnuclearphysicsorpsychologyorthecultivationofriceortheengravingofBenaresbrass.(4)Whereasthisisnotthefaultoftheirlanguage.
TheEskimoscan(5)speakaboutsnowwithagreatdealfurtherprecisionandsubtletythanwecaninEnglish,butthisisnotbecausetheEskimolanguage(oneofthosesometimesmiscalled'primitive')isinherentlymorepreciseandsubtlethanEnglish.(6)ThisexampledoesnotcometolightadefectinEnglish,ashowofunexpected'primitiveness'.Thepositionissimplyandobviouslythat(7)theEskimosandtheEnglishliveinsimilarenvironments.TheEnglishlanguage(8)willbejustasrichintermsfordifferentkindsofsnow,presumably,iftheenvironments(9)inwhichEnglishwashabituallyusedmadesuchdistinctionasimportant.
Similarly,wehavenoreasontodoubtthattheEskimolanguagecouldbeaspreciseandsubtleonthesubjectofmotormanufactureorcricket(10)ifthesetopicsformedthepartoftheEskimos'life.Forobvioushistoricalreasons,Englishmeninthe19thcenturycouldnottalkaboutmotorcarswiththeminutediscriminationwhichispossibletoday:
carswerenotapartoftheirculture.Buttheyhadahostoftermsforhorse-drawnvehicleswhichsendus,puzzled,toahistoricaldictionarywhenwearereadingScottorDickens.Howmanyofuscoulddistinguishbetweenachaise,alandau,avictoria,abrougham,acoupe,agig,adiligence,awhisky,acalash,atilbury,acarriole,aphaeton,andaclarence?
1be后插入as;2their改为its;
3There改为It;4Whereas改为But
5further改为more6come改为bring;
7similar改为different;8will改为would;
9asimportant去掉as10thepart去掉the
3月专八真题参照答案:
改错某些
Theprevioussectionhasshownhowquicklyarhymepassesfromoneschoolchildtothenextandillustratesthefurtherdifference
(1)betweenschoolloreandnurserylore.Innurseryloreaverse,learntinearlychildhood,isnotusuallypassedonagainwhenthelittlelistener
(2)hasgrownup,andhaschildrenoftheirown,orevengrandchildren. (3)Theperiodbetweenlearninganurseryrhymeandtransmittingitmaybesomethingfrom20to70years.(4)Withtheplayground lore,therefore,arhymemaybeexcitedlypassedonwithintheveryhour (5)itislearnt;and,inthegeneral,itpassesbetweenchildren(6)ofthe sameage,ornearlyso,sinceitisuncommonforthedifferenceinagebetweenplaymatestobemorethanfiveyears.If,therefore,aplaygroundrhymecanbeshowntohavebeencurrentlyforahundredyears,or(7)evenjustforfifty,itfollowsthatithasbeenretransmittedoverandover,verypossiblyithaspassedalongachainoftwoorthree (8)hundredyounghearersandtellers,andthewonderisthatitremainslive(9)aftersomuchhandling,toletalonethatitbearsresemblancetothe(10)originalwording.
参照答案:
(1)illustrate改为illustrated(与前文shown保持一致)
(2)the改为a(用不定冠词表达泛指)
(3)their改为his(代词与前文alittlelistener在单复数上保持一致)
(4)something改为anything(这里anythingfrom...to...表达大概在...之间)
(5)therefore改为however(依照上下文逻辑关系)
(6)inthegeneral去掉the(ingeneral是习惯用法)
(7)currently改为current(这里起是表语作用,需要形容词而不是副词)
(8)ithaspassed改为ithasbeenpassed(积极改为被动,与前文保持一致)
(9)live改为alive(活跃,依然存在)(live作形容词讲为“现场直播”意思)
(10)toletalone改为letalone(letalone为习惯搭配,意思是“更不用说”)
3月专八真题参照答案:
改错某些
Thedesiretouselanguage
asasignofnationalidentityisaverynaturalone,
(1)___
andinresultlanguagehasplayedaprominentpartinnationalmoves.
(2)____
Menhaveoftenfelttheneedtocultivate agivenlanguagetoshow
thattheyaredistinctivefromanother racewhose (3)____
hegemonytheyresent.AtthetimetheUnitedStates (4)_____
splitofffromBritain,forexample,therewereproposalsthat
independenceshouldbelinguisticallyacceptedbytheuseofa (5)______
differentlanguagefromthoseofBritain.Therewasevenone (6)_____
proposalthatAmericansshouldadoptHebrew.Othersfavored
theadoptionofGreek,though,asonemanputit,thingswould
certainlybesimplerforAmericansiftheystuckontoEnglish (7)______
andmadetheBritishlearnGreek.Attheend,aseveryone (8)_____
knows,thetwocountriesadoptedthepracticalandsatisfactory
solutionofcarryingwiththesamelanguageasbefore. (9)______
Sincenearlytwohundredyearsnow,theyhaveshowntheworld (10)_____
thatpoliticalindependenceandnationalidentitycanbecomplete
withoutsacrificingtheenormousmutualadvantagesofacommon
language.
参照答案:
1. one改为thing
2. result改为fact
3. distinctive改为distinct
4. atthetime后加when
5. by改为with
6. those改为that
7. on去掉
8. At改为In
9. carrying后加on
10. now改为ago
3月专八真题参照答案:
改错某些
Fromwhathasbeensaid,itmustbeclearthatnoonecan
makeverypositivestatementsabouthowlanguageoriginated.
Thereisnomaterialinanylanguagetodayandintheearliest
(1)and→or
recordsofancientlanguagesshowuslanguageinanewand
(2)show→showing
emergingstate.Itisoftensaid,ofcourse,thatthelanguage (3)the
originatedincriesofanger,fear,painandpleasure,andthe (4)and→but
necessaryevidenceisentirelylacking:
therearenoremote
tribes,noancientrecords,providingevidenceof
alanguagewithalargeproportionofsuchcries (5)large→lager
thanwefindinEnglish.Itistruethattheabsence
ofsuchevidencedoesnotdisprovethetheory,butin (6)in→on
othergroundstoothetheoryisnotveryattractive.
Peopleofallracesandlanguagesmakerathersimilar
noisesinreturntopainorpleasure.Thefactthat (7)return→response
suchnoisesaresimilaronthelipsofFrenchmen
andMalaysianswhoselanguagesareutterlydifferent,
servestoemphasizeonthefundamentaldifference (8)on
betweenthesenoisesandlanguagepr
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