职称英语理工类B级真题及答案完整版.docx
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职称英语理工类B级真题及答案完整版.docx
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职称英语理工类B级真题及答案完整版
2020年职称英语理工类B级真题及答案(完整版)
第1部分:
词汇选项(第1——15题,每题1分,共15分)
下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语划有底横线,请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。
1.Therevelationofhispastledtohisresignation.
A.imaginationB.disclosure
C.confirmationD.recall
答案为B.revelation(揭露)–disclosure(揭露)
2.Jensenisadangerousman,andcanbeverybrutal.
A.carelessB.cruel
C.strongD.hard
答案为B.brutal(残忍的)–cruel
3.You’llhavetosprintifyouwanttocatchthetrain.
A.jumpB.escape
C.runD.prepare
答案为C.sprint(快速奔跑)–run(奔跑)
4.Weareworriedaboutthisfluidsituationfullwithuncertainty.
A.changeableB.stable
C.suitableD.adaptable
答案为A.fluid(不稳定的)–changeable(易变的)
5.Thenewgarmentfitsherperfectly.
A.haircutB.purse
C.clothesD.necklace
答案为C.garment(衣服)–clothes(衣服)
6.Thephobiamayhaveitsrootinachildhoodtrauma.
A.fearB.joy
C.hurtD.memory
答案为C.trauma(精神上的创伤)–hurt(感情上的伤心或痛苦)
7.Theyhavetobuildcanalstoirrigatethedesert.
A.decorateB.water
C.changeD.visit
答案为B.irrigate(灌溉)–water(给…浇水)
8.Heroveralllanguageproficiencyremainsthatofatoddler.
A.disabledB.pupil
C.teenagerD.baby
答案为D.toddler(学步的儿童)–baby(婴儿)
9.Thecoastalareahasverymildwinter,butthecentralplainsremainextremelycold.
A.warmB.severe
C.hardD.dry
答案为A.mild(温暖的)–warm(温暖的)
10.Thedetailsofthecostumeweretotallyauthentic.
A.realB.outstanding
C.creativeD.false
答案为A.authentic(逼真的)–real(逼真的)
11.Weareawareofthepotentialproblems.
A.globalB.possible
C.ongoingD.central
答案为B.potential(可能的)-possible(可能的)
12.Theideawasquitebrilliant.
A.positiveB.clever
C.keyD.original
答案为B.brilliant(绝妙的)–clever(聪明的)
13.Stockmarketpricetumbledafterrumorofariseininterestrate.
A.regulatedB.increased
C.maintainedD.fell
答案为C.tumbled(暴跌)–fell(下降)
14.Thecoursegivesyoubasicinstructionsincarmaintenance.
A.coachingB.idea
C.termD.aspect
答案为A.instructions(指导说明)—coaching(教导)
15.Allhouseswithin100metresoftheseasatriskofflooding.
A.indangerB.outofcontrol
C.betweenequalsD.inparticular
答案为Aindangerof(处于危险中)—atriskof(处于风险中)
第2部分:
阅读判断(第16——22题,每题1分,共7分)
下面的短文后列出了7个句子,请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断;如果该句提供的是准确信息,请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息,请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及,请选择C。
TheTheoryofEverything
IfStephenHawkinglivesuntiltheyear2020,hewillhavelivedmorethan50yearslongerthanNsdoctorsexpected.Whenhewasacollegestudent,doctorsdiscoveredthathehadararedisease.Thisdiseasecausesagradualdisintegration(分解)ofthenervecellsinthebraincellsthatregulatevoluntarymuscleactivity.Deathalmostalwaysoccurswithintwoorthreeyears.
TodayStephenHawkingcannotwalkorspeak.Hecannotmovehisarmsorhishead.Hecannottasteofsmellanything.AndyetthismanisProfessorofMathematicsatCambridgeUniversity,apositionheldbythefamousscientistIsaacNewtonin1669.
HawkingIsoftendescribedasthegreatestscientistsinceAlbertEinstein,buttotheworldoutsidescience.Heisalsoknownasthemanwhomadescientifictheoryunderstandable.Hisbook,ABriefHistoryofTime,hassoldovereightmillioncopies.
Hesaysthatsincehedoesnothavetothinkabouthisbodyordoanyofthethingsothermenhavetoworryabout,suchaswashingthecarorworkingintheyard,hecandedicateallofhistimetothinking.Thisputshimintheperfectpositiontofindtheanswertothequestionthathehasdedicatedhislifeto.Hisquestionis:
Isthereacompletetheoryoftheuniverseandeverythinginit?
Despitehistremendousphysicaldisabilities,hehasalreadymadesomeveryimportantdiscoveriesabouttheoriginoftheuniverse,howtheuniverseholdstogether,andhowitwillprobablyend.Hehasalsobeenabletoexplainthesecretsof“blackholes”inspace.Nowheislookingforasetofrulesthateverythinginouruniversemustobey.HecallsittheTheoryofEverything.Hethinksthatsomeonewillhavefoundtheanswerwithinthenext20years.
IfStephenHawkingitabletofindhisTheoryofEverything,hewillhavegiventheworldtheopportunitytounderstandthingsthatwillchangethewholenatureofscienceandprobablyalsothewaywelive.
16.StephenHawkingwillbe50yearsoldby2020.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
答案为B;
17.StephenHawkingsuffersfromararebraindisease.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
答案为B;
18.StephenHawkingisProfessorofMathematicsatCambridgeUniversity.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
答案为A;
19.ABriefHistoryofTimeisverydifficultforstudentstounderstand.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
答案为B;
20.StephenHawkinghasmuchtimetothinkbecausehedoesn'thavetowork.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
答案为B;
21.StephenHawkinghasspentaroundtenyearsexplainingthesecretsof……….
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
答案为:
C.
22.TheTheoryofEverythingIsabouttherulesthateverythinginour………follow.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
答案为A。
概括大意与完成句子
Geothermal(地热)Energy
1Sinceheatnaturallymovesfromhotterregionstocoolerones,theheatfromtheearth'scenterflowsoutwardstowardsthesurface.Inthisway.ittransferstothenextlayerofrock.Ifthetemperatureishighenough,someofthisrockmeltsandformsmagma(岩浆).Themagmaascendsinitsturntowardstheearth'ssurface.Itoftenremainswenbelowtheearthssurface,creatingvastareasofhotrock.Insuchregions,therearedeepcracks,whichallowrainwatertodescendunderground.Someoftheheatedrainwatertravelsbackuptotheearth'ssurfacewhereitwillappearasahotspring.However,ifthisascendinghotwaterreachesalayerofimpermeable(不可渗透的)rock,itremainstrapped,formingageothermalreservoir.Ifgeothermalreservoirsarecloseenoughtothesurface,theycanbereachedbydrillingwells.Hotwaterandsteamshootupthewellsnaturally,andcanbeusedtoproduceelectricityingeothermalpowerplants.
2Afewgeothermalpowerplantsdependondry-steamreservoirswhichproducesteambutlittleornowater.Inthesecases,thesteamispipedupdirectlytoprovidethepowertospinaturbinegenerator.Thefirstgeothermalpowerplant,constructedatLardarelloinItaly,wasofthistype,andisstillproducingelectricitytoday.
3Mostcurrentlyoperatinggeothermalpowerplantsareeither"flash"steamplantsorbinary(双重的)plants.Flashplantsproducemainlyhotwaterrangingintemperaturefrom300℃to700℃Fahrenheit.Thiswaterispassedthroughoneortwoseparatorswherereleasedfromthepressureoftheundergroundreservoir,itHashes"orboilsintosteamAgain,theforceofthissteamprovidestheenergytospintheturbineandproduceelectricity.Thegeothermalwaterandsteamarethenreinjecteddirectlybackdownintotheearthtomaintainthevolumeandpressureofthereservoir.Graduallytheywillbereheatedandcanthenbeusedagain.
4Areservoirwithtemperaturesbelow300℃Fahrenheitisnothotenoughtoflashseambutitcanstillbeusedtogenerateelectricityinabinaryfluid.Thesteamfromthis(参照图片)isusedtopowertheturbines.Asintheflashsteamplant,thegeothermalwaterisrecycledbackintothereservoir.
23.Paragraph1_____C____
24.Paragraph2____A_____
25.Paragraph3____E_____
26.Paragraph4____B_____
A.Drysteamplants
B.Binaryplants
C.Originofgeothermalenergy
D.Generationofelectricity
E.Flashsteamplants
F.Recyclablewaterandsteam
27.Ageothermalreservoirisformedwhenhotwateristrappedunder__B____.
28.Adry-steamreservoirproducessteamwith___D___.
29.Flashplantsproducehotwaterthrough___C___.
30.Inabinaryplant,theheatofthegeothermalwatercanbeconvertedinto__A____.
A.theenergytoturnaturbine
B.impermeablerock
C.oneortwoseparators
D.turbineoperator
E.littleornowater
F.hotsprings
第4部分:
阅读理解(第31——45题,每题3分,共45分)
下面有3篇短文,每篇短文后有5道题。
请根据短文内容,为每题确定1个选项。
第一篇
SmartWindows
Windowsnotonlyletlightintocutdownonelectricityuseforlighting,butthelightcomingthroughthewindowalsoprovidesheat.However,windowsarenotsomethingpeopletypicallyassociatewithanadvancedtechnology.Reseachersarenowworkingonnewtechnologiesthatenableawindowtoquicklychangefromcleartodarkandanythinginbetweeneasily.
“Ittookusalongtimetofigureoutwhatawindowreallyis,”saysClaesGranqvist.He’saprofessorofsolid-statephysicsatUppsalaUniversityinSweden.“Itcontactwiththeoutsideworld.Youhavetohavevisualcontactwiththesurroundingworldtofeelwell.”So,windowsandnaturallightareimportantforimprovingthewaypeoplefeelwhenthey’restuckindoors
Yet.windowsaretheweaklinkinabuildingwhenitcomestoenergyandtemperaturecontrol.Inwintercoldairleaksin.Whenit’shotandsunny,sunlightstreamsin.Allofthissunlightcarrieslotsofheatandenergy.Andallofthisextraheatforcespeopletoturnontheirconditioners.Producingblastsofcoldair,whichcanfeelsorefreshing(使人清新的),actuallysucksupenormousamountsofelectricityinbuildingsaroundtheworld.
Windowshavebeenamajorfocusofenergyresearchforalongtime.Overtheyears,scientistshavecomeupwithavarietyofstrategiesforcoating,glazing(用玻覆盖),andlayeringwindowstomakethemmoreenergyefficient.Smartwindowsgoastepfurther.Theyusechromogenic(发色的)technologieswhichinvolvechangesofcolor.
Electrochromic(电致色的)windowsuseelectricitytochangecolor.Forexample,asheetofglasscoatedwiththinlayersofchemicalcompoundsuchastungstenoxide(氧化钨)worksabitlikeabatter.Tungstenoxidesisclearwhenanelectricc
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