分散式控制系统 Distributed Control System.docx
- 文档编号:4692413
- 上传时间:2022-12-07
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:8
- 大小:25.22KB
分散式控制系统 Distributed Control System.docx
《分散式控制系统 Distributed Control System.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《分散式控制系统 Distributed Control System.docx(8页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
分散式控制系统DistributedControlSystem
河南机电高等专科学校
Thedesignprocessofcontrolsystem
课程名称:
自动化专业英语
课题名称:
控制系统的设计过程
系部名称:
自动控制系
专业班级:
计算机控制技术091
组员:
叶世周李刚强苏文霞李小芳
2011年12月01日
DistributedControlSystem
DCSDistributedControlSystemistheabbreviationof(DistributedControlSystem),automationindustryinthecountryisalsoknownasdistributedcontrolsystem.
Theso-calleddistributedcontrolsystem,orinsomeoftheinformationinthecalldistributionsystem,asopposedtocentralizedcontrolsystems,anewcomputercontrolsystem,whichisacentralizedcontrolsystembasedonthedevelopment,evolutionandcome.Itisaprocessbytheprocesscontrollevelandthecompositionofmonitoringlevelcommunicationsnetworkasalinktothemulti-levelcomputersystems,integratedcomputer,communication,displayandcontroltechnologiessuchas4C,thebasicideaisdecentralizedcontrol,centralizedoperations,hierarchicalmanagement,flexibleconfiguration,andconfigurationeasy.Functioninthesystem,DCS,andcentralizedcontrolsystemsarenotverydifferent,butintherealizationofsystemfunctionsmethodsarecompletelydifferent.
First,DCS'sskeleton-thesystemnetwork,whichisthefoundationandcoreDCS.Asthenetworkofthesystemforreal-timeDCS,reliabilityandscalability,playadecisiverole,sothemanufacturershavebeencarefulinthisareaofdesign.FortheDCSsystemnetwork,itmustmeettherequirementsofreal-time,thatiscompletedwithindefinedtimelimitstransmissionofinformation.Heretheword"determine"thetimelimitisinanycase,theinformationtransfercanbecompletedwithinthistimelimit,andthistimelimitisbasedonreal-timecontrolledprocessrequirementsidentified.Therefore,indicatorsofnetworkperformancemeasurementsystemisnotthenetwork'srate,knownasbitspersecond(bps),butthereal-timesystemnetwork,whichcanensurethelongperiodoftimetocompletetherequiredinformationtransmission.Systemnetworkalsomustbeveryreliableinanycase,networkcommunicationsarenotinterrupted,somostmanufacturersofDCSweredoublebus,ringordualstarnetworktopology.Scalabilitytomeettherequirementsofthesystem,thesystemcanaccessthenetworkshouldbehigherthanthemaximumnumberofnodesinthelargenumberofnodesactuallyusedseveraltimes.Inthisway,onecanalwaysaddanewnode,itcanalsomakethesystemruninalighternetworktrafficloadconditions,toensurethatthesystemreal-timeandreliability.Duringtheactualoperationofthesystem,eachnodeoftheInternetandthenetmayoccuratanytime,inparticular,operatorstations,sothatreconfigurationwillalwaysbe,andthisoperationmustnotaffectthenormaloperation,therefore,thesystemnetworkshouldhaveastrongonlinenetworkreconfigurationfunctions.
Secondly,thisisacompletelyon-siteI/Oprocessingandrealizationofdirectdigitalcontrol(DDC)featureofnetworknodes.TosetthegeneralsceneinaDCSI/Ocontrollers,tosharetheentiresystemI/Oandcontrolfunctions.Thissitecanbeavoidedduetoafailurecausedbythefailureoftheentiresystem,improvesystemreliability,thesitealsoallowssharingofdataacquisitionandcontrolfunctions,willhelpimproveoverallsystemperformance.DCSoperatorstationisrunoperationtodealwithallthehuman-machineinterface(HMI-HumanMachineInterface,oroperatorinterface)functionofnetworknodes.
DCSengineerstationisoff-lineconfiguration,thesystemconfigurationwork,andonlinemonitoring,control,maintenanceofthenetworknode,anditsmainfunctionistoprovidetotheDCSconfiguration,softwareconfigurationtool(ie,theconfigurationsoftware)andrunningonlineinrealtimeDCSDCSnetworktomonitortheoperationofeachnode,thesystemengineercanengineerstationtoadjustthesystemconfigurationsettingsandsomesystemparameters,theDCSatanytimeunderthebestworkingcondition.Andcentralizedcontrolsystems,arerequiredtohavealloftheDCSsystemconfigurationfunctions,itcanbesaid,nosystemconfigurationfunctionsofthesystemcannotbecalledasaDCS.
DCSsinceitsinceptionin1975,hasalreadyexperiencedtwentyyearsofdevelopment.Intwodecades,DCSsystemarchitecturealthoughthereisnosignificantchange,butthroughconstantdevelopmentandimprovementofitsfunctionalityandperformancehavebeenahugeincrease.Ingeneral,DCSistowardmoreopen,morestandardizedproductinthedirectionofdevelopment.
Asthefieldofprocessautomationcomputercontrolsystem,thetraditionalDCSisonlyanarrowconcept.IfonlytheproductionprocessthatDCSautomationsystem,whichwillleadtowrongconclusions,becausethemeaningofthecomputercontrolsystemhasbeengreatlyexpanded,anditincludesnotonlytheDCSinthepastincludedavarietyofcontent,butalsodrilldowntotheeachsitemeasuringequipment,implementingagencies,upwardstotheproductionmanagement,allaspectsofbusiness.TraditionalDCSnowonlyreferstothispartoftheproductionprocesscontrolautomation,andindustrialautomationsystemconcept,shouldbetargetedtoenterprise-widesolution,totalsolutionlevel.Onlyfromthisperspectivetoaskquestionsandsolveproblems,toreallyplaythecomputerautomationofitsrole.
DCShasthefollowingcharacteristics:
(1)highreliability.DCSsystemtocontrolthespreadofthecomputerimplementation,thesystemusesfault-tolerantdesignofthestructure,soacomputersystemmalfunctionwillnotcausethelossofotherfunctions.Inaddition,eachcomputersystem,thetasksundertakenbyrelativelysimplefunctionscanbeusedfortheneedtoachieveaspecificstructureandspecialcomputersoftware,sothatthereliabilityofeachcomputersystemhasalsobeenimproved.
(2)open.DCSanopen,standardized,modularandserialdesign,thesystemmeanseachcomputerusingtheLANcommunication,toachieveinformationtransmission,whentheneedtochangeorexpandthesystemfunctionalitycanbeaddedeasilyconnectedtoacomputersystemcommunicationnetworkorRemovefromthenetwork,almostdoesnotaffecttheworkofothercomputersystems.
HistoryofdevelopmentofDCS
DCSDistributedControlSystemistheabbreviationof(DistributedControlSystem),automationindustryinthecountryisalsoknownasdistributedcontrolsystem.
Itisaprocessbytheprocesscontrollevelandthecompositionofmonitoringlevelcommunicationsnetworkasalinktothemulti-levelcomputersystems,integratedcomputer(Computer),communication(Communication),display(CRT)andcontrol(Control)andother4Ctechnology,Thebasicideaisdecentralizedcontrol,centralizedoperations,hierarchicalmanagement,flexibleconfiguration,easyconfiguration.)
Itsdevelopmentcanbedividedintothreestages.
Stage:
1975-1980,duringthisperiodthetechnicalcharacteristicsofdistributedcontrolsystemasfollows:
1)usingmicroprocessor-basedcontrolunit,toachievedecentralizedcontrol,awidevarietyofalgorithms,throughtheloopcontrolconfigurationindependently,withself-diagnosticfunction
2)TheoperatingstationwithaCRTdisplayunitandtheprocessofseparation,centralizedmonitoring,centralizedoperation
3)amoreadvancedcommunicationsystemredundancy
Thesecondphase:
1980-1985.,Distributedcontrolsystemduringthisperiodthetechnicalfeaturesasfollows:
1)increasethenumberofbitsmicroprocessors,CRTdisplayresolutiontoimprove
2)strengtheningthemodularsystem
3)strengthenthesystemofinformationmanagement,strengtheningcommunication
Thethirdphase,after1985,thethirdgenerationofdistributedsystems,anditstechnicalcharacteristicswereasfollows:
1)Theadoptionofopensystemsmanagement
2)32-bitmicroprocessoroperatingstation
3)usingreal-timemulti-usermulti-taskingoperatingsystem
Intothenextdecade,computertechnologyadvances,morenewtechnologyisbeingappliedtotheDCS.PLCisasequentiallogiccontroldevelopedforelectronicequipment,whichisusedinsteadofinflexibleandcumbersomerelaylogic.FieldbusTechnologyinenteringdevelopedveryrapidlysincethemidninetiesthatsomepeoplehavetopredict:
FCSbasedonfieldbuscontrolsystemwillreplacetheDCSastheprotagonist.
DCSisaDataCommunicationSubsystem(datacommunicationssubsystems)forshort.
Torailtransportationindustry,forexample,DCSisapurenon-transparentsecuritysystem,heissentbetweenthecontrolcenterandtraincarrierpacket.
DCSsecondlayerofmeaning:
DorsalColumnStimulator[medical]spinestimulator
Inthespecialcontrolareas,suchasnuclearpowerplantcontrolsystem,DCSisthemeaningofdigitalcontrolsystem(Digitalcontrolsystem).
DCSmaindomesticmanufacturersare:
ShanghaiXinhua,thesupercontrol,StatePowerZhishen,ZhejiangUniversityincontrol,andBelgium,ShanghaiChinese,ShanghaiLeroy,fromZhejiangandsoon.ThereWestinghouseabroad(Emerson),FOXBORO,ABB,Siemens,Honeywell,Yokogawa,Yamatake-Honeywell,FISHER-ROSEMOUNTcompanies
OverviewofcharacteristicsanddevelopmentofDCS
DCSisadistributedcontrolsystem(DistributedControlSystem)forshort,iscommonlycalledthedomesticgeneraldistributedcontrolsystem.Itisaprocessbytheprocesscontrollevelandthecompositionofmonitoringlevelcommunicationsnetworkasalinktothemulti-levelcomputersystems,integratedcomputer(Computer),communication(Communication),display(CRT)andcontrol(Control)technologiessuchas4C,theThebasicideaisdecentralizedcontrol,centralizedoperations,hierarchicalmanagement,flexibleconfiguration,easyconfiguration.
DCShasthefollowingcharacteristics:
(1
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 分散式控制系统 Distributed Control System 分散 控制系统