中高级职称英语往年考试真题统计.docx
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中高级职称英语往年考试真题统计.docx
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中高级职称英语往年考试真题统计
2013年职称英语理工类B级考试真题
第1部分:
词汇选项(第1~15题,每题1分,共15分)下面每个句子中均由1个词或短语划有底横线,请为每处划线部分确定1个意思最接近的选项。
1.Therewassomethingpeculiarinthewayhesmiles.
A.differentB.wrongC.strangeD.funny
2.Ihavelittleinformationasregardsherfitnessforthepost.
A.atB.withC.aboutD.from
3.Shecameacrossthreechildrensleepingunderabridge.
A.foundbychanceB.passedbyC.tookanoticeofD.wokeup
4.Therulesaretoorigidtoallowforhumaneerror.
A.generalB.complexC.directD.inflexible
5.Itseemsincrediblethathehadbeenthereaweekalready.
A.unbelievableB.rightC.obviousD.unclear
6.Shegetsaggressivewhensheisdrunk.
A.worriedB.sleepyC.anxiousD.offensive
7.Rumorsbegantocirculateabouthisfinancialproblems.
A.sendB.hearC.spreadD.confirm
8.Asapolitician,heknowshowtomanipulatepublicopinion.
A.expressB.influenceC.divideD.voice
9.Theseanimalsmigratesouthannuallyinsearchoffood.
A.exploreB.travelC.inhabitD.prefer
10.Hewastemptedbythehighsalaryofferedbythecompany.
A.taughtB.keptC.changedD.attracted
11.Thepolicewillneedtokeepawaryeyeonthisareaoftown.
A.cautiousB.nakedC.blindD.private
12.Makesurethetableissecurelyanchored.
A.repairedB.clearedC.bookedD.fixed
13.Comeout,orI’llbustthedoordown.
A.shutB.breakC.setD.beat
14.Thecontractbetweenthetwocompanieswillexpiresoon.
A.shortenB.startC.endD.resume
15.Hepaused,waitingforhertodigesttheinformation.
A.understandB.withholdC.exchangeD.contact
参考答案:
CCADADCBBDADBCA
第2部分:
阅读判断(第16~22题,每题1分,共7分)
下面的短文后列出了7个句子,请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。
如果该句提供的是正确信息,请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息,请选择B;如果该句的信息在文章中没有提及,请选择C。
WideWorldofRobots
Engineerswhobuildandprogramrobotshavefascinatingjobs.Theseresearcherstinker(修补)withmachinesinthelabandwritecomputersoftwaretocontrolthesedevices.“They’rethebesttoysoutthere,”saysHowleChosetatCarnegieMellonUniversityinPittsburgh.Chosetisaroboticist,apersonwhodesigns,buildsorprogramsrobots.
WhenChosetwasakid,hewasinterestedinanythingthatmoved—cars,trains,animals.HeputmotorsonTinkertoycarstomakethemmove.Later,inhighschool,hebuiltmobilerobotssimilartosmallcars.
Hopingtocontinueworkingonrobots,hestudiedcomputerscienceincollege.ButwhenhegottograduateschoolattheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnologyinPasadena,Choset’slabmateswereworkingonsomethingevencoolerthanremotelycontrolledcars:
roboticsnakes.Somerobotscanmoveonlyforward,backward,leftandright.Butsnakescantwist(扭曲)inmanydirectionsandtraveloveralotofdifferenttypesofterrain(地形).“Snakesarefarmoreinterestingthanthecars,”Chosetconcluded.
AfterhestartedworkingatCarnegieMellon,Chosetandhiscolleaguestherebagandevelopingtheirownsnakerobots.Choset’steamprogrammedrobotstoperformthesamemovementsasrealsnakes,suchasslidingandinchingforward.Therobotsalsomovedinwaysthatsnakesusuallydon’t,suchasrolling.Choset’ssnakerobotscouldcrawl(爬行)throughthegrass,swiminapondandevenclimbaflagpole.
ButChosetwonderedifhissnakesmightbeusefulformedicineaswell.Forsomeheartsurgeries,thedoctorhastoopenapatient’schest,cuttingthroughthebreastbone.Recoveringfromthesesurgeriescanbeverypainful.Whatifthedoctorcouldperformtheoperationbyinsteadmakingasmallholeinthebodyandsendinginathinroboticsnake?
ChosetteamedupwithMarcoZenati,aheartsurgeonnowatHarvardMedicalSchool,toinvestigatetheidea.Zenatipracticedusingtherobotonaplasticmodelofthechestandtheytestedtherobotinpigs.
AcompanycalledMedroboticsinBostonisnowadaptingthetechnologytosurgeriesonpeople.
Evenafter15yearsofworkingwithhisteam'screations,"Istilldon'tgetboredofwatchingthemotionofmyrobots,"Chosetsays.
16.Chosetbegantobuildrobotsinhighschool.
ARightBWrongCNotmentioned
17.Snakerobotscouldmoveinonlyfourdirections.
ARightBWrongCNotmentioned
18.Chosetdidn’tbegindevelopinghisownsnakerobotsuntilhestartedworkingCarnegieMellon.
ARightBWrongCNotmentioned
19.Choset’ssnakerobotscouldmakemoremovementsthantheonesothersdeveloped.
ARightBWrongCNotmentioned
20.Theapplicationofathinroboticsnakemakesheartsurgerieslesstime-consuming.
ARightBWrongCNotmentioned
21.Zenatitestedtherobotonpeopleafterusingitinpigs.
ARightBWrongCNotmentioned
22.TherobotictechnologyforsurgeriesonpeoplehasbroughtahandsomeMedrobotics.
ARightBWrongCNotmentioned
参考答案:
ABAACCC
第3部分:
概括大意与完成句子(第23~30题,每题1分,共8分)
下面的短文后有2项测试任务:
(1)第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1~4段每段选择1个最佳标题;
(2)第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。
BlackHoles
1Blackholescanbebestdescribedasasortofvacuum,suckingupeverythinginspace.Scientistshavediscoveredthatblackholescomefromanexplosionofhugestars.Starsthatareneardeathcannolongerburnduetolossoffuel,andbecauseitstemperaturecannolongercontrolthegravitational(重力的)force,hydrogenendsupputtingpressureontothestar’ssurfaceuntilitsuddenlyexplodesthencollapses.
2Blackholescomefromstarsthataremadeofhydrogen,othergasesandafewmetals.Whentheseexplodeitcanturnintoastellar-mass(恒星质量)blackhole,whichcanonlyoccurifthestarislargeenough(shouldbebiggerthanthesun)fortheexplosiontobreakitintopieces,andthegravitystartstocompacteverypieceintothetiniestparticle.Trytoseeandcompare:
ifastarthat’stentimesthesizeofthesunendsupbeingablackholethat’snolongerthan70kilometers,thentheEarthwouldbecomeblackholethat’sonlyafractionofaninch!
3Objectsthatgetsuckedinablackholewillalwaysremainthere,nevertobreakfree.Butrememberthatblackholescanonlygobbleup(吞噬)objectswithinaspecificdistancetoit.It’spossibleforalargestarnearthesuntobecomeablackhole,butthesunwillcontinuetostayinplace.Orbits(轨道)donotchangebecausethenewlyformedblackholecontainsexactlythesameamountofmassaswhenitwasastar,onlythisitsmassistotallycontractedthatitcanendupasnobiggerthanastate.
4Sofar,astronomershavefiguredoutthatblackholesexistbecauseofAlbertEinstein’stheoryofrelativity.Intheend,throughnumerousstudies,theyhavediscoveredthatblackholestrulyexist.Sinceblackholestraplightanddonotgiveofflight,itisnotpossibletodetectblackholesviaatelescope.Butastronomerscontinuetoexploregalaxies(银河系),spaceandthesolarsystemtounderstandhowblackholes.Itispossiblethatblackholescanexistformillionsofyears,andlatercontributefurtherprocessingalaxies,whichcaneventuallyleadtocreationofnewentities.Scientistsalsocreditblackholesashelpfulinlearninghowgalaxiesbegantoform.
A.Whathappenstotheobjectsaroundablackhole?
B.Isthereproofthatblackholesreallyexist?
C.Howwereblackholesnamed?
D.Whataredifferenttypesofblackholes?
E.Whatareblackholesmadeof?
F.Howareblackholesformed?
23.Paragraph1F
24.Paragraph2E
25.Paragraph3A
26.Paragraph4B
27.Blackholesareformedafter___D______.
28.Whenalargestarexplodes,thegravitycompactseverypieceinto____F_____.
29.Anewlyformedblackholeandthestaritcomesfromareof___C______.
30.AlbertEinstein’stheoryofrelativityhelpstoprove____A_____.
A.theexistenceofblackholes
B.thecreationofnewentities
C.thesameamountofmass
D.anexplosionofhugestars
E.afractionofaninch
F.thetiniestparticle
参考答案:
23-30FEABDFCA
第4部分:
阅读理解(第31~45题,每题3分,共45分)下面有3篇短文,每篇短文后有5道题。
第一篇EnergyandPublicLands
TheUnitedStatesboastssubstantialenergyresources.FederallandsprovideagooddealofUSenergyproduction,theUSDepartmentoftheInteriormanagesfederalenergyleasing(租赁),bothonlandandontheoffshoreOuterContinentalShelf。
Productionfromthesesourcesamountstonearly30percentoftotalannualUSenergyproduction.
In2000,32percentofUSoil,35percentofnaturalgas,and37percentofcoalwereproducedfromfederallands,representing20,000producingoilandgasleasesand135producingcoalleases.Federallandsarealsoestimatedtocontainapproximately68percentofallundiscoveredUSoilreservesand74percentofundiscoverednaturalgas.
Revenuesfromfederaloil,gas,andcoalleasingprovidesignificantreturnstoUStaxpayersaswellasStateGovernment.In1999,forexample,$553millioninoilandgasrevenueswerepaidtotheUSTreasury,andnon-Indiacoalleasesaccountedforover$304millioninrevenues,ofwhich50percentwerepaidtoStategovernments.Publiclandsalsoplayacriticalroleinenergydelivery.Eachyear,federallandmanagersauthorizerightsofwayfortransmissionlines,railsystems,pipelines,andotherfacilitiesrelatedtoenergyproductionanduse.
Alternativeenergyproductionfromfederallandsfallsbehindconventionalenergyproduction,thoughtheamountisstillsignificant.Forexample,federalgeothermal(地热)resourcesproduceabout7.5billionkilowatt-hours(千瓦时)ofelectricityperyear,47percentofallelectricitygeneratedfromUSgeothermalenergy.Thereare2,960windturbinesonpubliclandsinCaliforniaalone,producingelectricityforabout300,000people.Federalhydropowerfacilitiesproduceabout17percentofallhydropowerproducedintheUnitedStates.
BecauseofthegrowingUSthirstforenergyandincreasingpublicuneasewithinfluenceonforeignoffsources,pressureonpubliclandstomeetUSenergydemandisbecomingmoreintense.Publiclandsareavailableforenergydevelopmentonlyaftertheyhavebeenevaluatedthroughthelandusepla
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