中考英语阅读理解知识点大全经典1.docx
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中考英语阅读理解知识点大全经典1.docx
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中考英语阅读理解知识点大全经典1
2020-2021年中考英语阅读理解知识点(大全)经典1
一、初三英语阅读理解(含答案详细解析)
1.根据短文理解选择正确答案。
D
InParis,onefreezingwinterevening,Iwashavingdinnerwithmyfriend,Mr.Dupin,thefamousdetective.Wehadjustfinishedourmeal,whentherewasaloudknockingatthedoor.Dupinopenedit.TherestoodMr.Germain,thechief警长)oftheParisPolice.
Wewelcomedhimwarmly,forhewasanoldacquaintance(熟人)whomwehadn'tseenforagreattime.
"Ineedyourassistance,"saidGermain."Imetacase(案件)thathasbeengivingmeagreatdealoftrouble.Itisverysimplebutverystrange."
“Also,pleasekeepthissecret.IfanyonefoundoutthatItoldyouthis.Iwouldcertainlylosemyjob.”
“Well,then,”saidtheChief,”Ihavelearnedthataveryimportantletterhasbeenstolenfromtheking.Wearesurewhostoleitandthattheletterisinhishouse."
"Butwhowoulddaredosuchathing"Icried.
"Thethief,"saidGermainsoftly,"He'samanwhodarersdomanydangerousthings.Heisoneofthemostpowerfulandimportantministersinthegovernment.HeisMinisterDanton.”
"Alotoftimes,whileMinisterDantonwasout,alotofwell-trainedpoliceofficerscarefullysearchedtheentirehouse,roombyroom.Infact,weexaminedeverythinginthehousebutfoundnothing."…
Amonthlater,DupinaskedGermainandmetohishouse.TherehetookoutaletterandhandedittotheChief.Wewerebothverysurprised.
Dupinexplained,"IknowMinisterDantonverywell.Hecouldnothidetheletterinanyoftheusualhidingplaces.Irealizedthathemighthavelefttheletteroutintheopen,rightundereveryone'snose,wherenoonewouldsearchforit."
"ThenIvisitedhimwithmydarkglassesontohelpmeobserve(观察)better.Whilewewerechatting,adirty,tornletterintheletterholdersuddenlycaughtmyeyes-unusualfortheMinister,whoiscarefulandneat."
"Iwassureitwastheletter."
"ThenIpurposelyleftmyglovesbehindsoIcouldcomebackagain."
"Thenextmorning,Ihiredamantofireagunonthestreet,whiletheMinisterwenttoseewhathappened,Istoletheletterbyreplacingitwithasimilarone,OnitDupinwrotethesewords:
Yourplanwasgood,butminewasbetter
Asyoucansee,Itooktheletter.
----BasedonastorybyEdgarAllanPoe
(1)Theunderlinedword"assistance"inthethirdparagraphprobablymeanshere.
A. hobby B. help C. habit D. holiday
(2)Whoisthebestatsolvingdifficultcasesaccordingtothepassage?
A. Thewriter. B. Mr.Germain. C. Mr.Dupin. D. MinisterDanton.
(3)DupindidallthefollowingthingstohelpgettheletterbackEXCEPT .
A. wearinghisdarkglasseswhenvisitingDanton'shouse
B. leavinghisglovespurposelybehindinDanton'shouse
C. hiringamantofireagunonthestreetthenextmorning
D. writingsomewordsontheletterheputintotheletterholder
(4)Fromthepassagewecaninferthat .
A. DupinandDantonarealsoacquaintances
B. Dupinandthewriterarebothdetectives
C. Dantonandthewriterarenewfriends
D. GermainandDantonaredangerousenemies
【答案】
(1)B
(2)C
(3)D
(4)A
【解析】【分析】本文讲述法国巴黎的著名侦探杜宾先生的故事。
警长因为一个棘手的案子请杜宾帮忙找回国王丢失的一封信,他知道信在部长那里,但是就是找不到。
杜宾先生去了部长家里,凭着敏锐的眼睛发现了那封信的所在,然后巧妙的将信调包,帮助了警长。
(1)词义猜测。
根据Imetacase(案件)thathasbeengivingmeagreatdealoftrouble可知警长遇到了很麻烦的案子请杜宾先生帮忙。
hobby爱好;help帮助;habit习惯;holiday假期。
故选B。
(2)推理判断。
根据文章内容Infact,weexaminedeverythinginthehousebutfoundnothing.和Amonthlater,DupinaskedGermainandmetohishouse.TherehetookoutaletterandhandedittotheChief.可知没人找到那封信在哪里,但是一个月后杜宾先生找到了,故选C。
(3)细节理解。
注意题目:
为了得到那封信,杜宾先生做了以下事情,除了哪一个。
根据 "ThenIvisitedhimwithmydarkglassesontohelpmeobserve(观察)better.可知A项正确;根据ThenIpurposelyleftmyglovesbehindsoIcouldcomebackagain可知B项正确;根据Thenextmorning,Ihiredamantofireagunonthestreet可知C正确;根据Istoletheletterbyreplacingitwithasimilarone,OnitDupinwrotethesewords……可知D项虽然也是文章内容,但是并不是杜宾为了取得信而做的事情。
所以选D。
(4)推理判断。
根据IknowMinisterDantonverywell.和Ivisitedhimwithmydarkglasseson以及Whilewewerechatting,可知杜宾与丹顿部长是熟人。
故选A。
【点评】故事类阅读要紧扣故事的时间线索,人物间的关系,故事的发展和结局,点明的主旨等信息。
答题时注意问题中的关键词在文章中的准确定位,根据关键词查找信息,切忌主观臆断,凭感觉做题
2.阅读理解
Everybodyhatesrats.Butratsmaysoonbeman'snewgoodfriends.Whathappensafteranearthquake?
Wesendinrescuedogs.Why?
Becausetheycansmellpeople.Dogssavelives.Theyhelprescuerstofindlivingpeople.Butdogsarebigandtheycan'tgetintosmallspaces.Sonowanewresearchprojectisusingasmalleranimaltosavelives:
therat.
Howdoesitwork?
First,theratistrainedtosmellpeople.Whenthishappens,therat'sbraingivesasignal.Thisissenttoasmallradioonitsback,andthentherescuersfollowtheradiosignals.Whentherat'sbrainactivityjumps,therescuersknowthatsomeoneisalive.Therathassmelledthatperson.
Althoughtherearealreadyrobotswhichcandothisjob,ratsarebetter.Robots'nosesdon'tworkwellwhenthereareothersmellsaround.Ratsaregoodatthat.Ratscanalsoseeinthedark,theyarecheaperandquickertotrainthandogs,andunlikerobots,theydon'tneedelectricity!
The"ratproject"isnotfinished.Butascientistsays,"Itwouldbegreat.Aratcouldgetintoanyplacewecouldn'tgetto,andaratwouldgetoutifitwasn'tsafe."Perhapsforthefirsttimeinhistory,peoplewillbehappytoseearatinabuilding(butonlyafteranearthquake,ofcourse).
(1)Wheredoyouthinkyoucanfindthispassage?
A. Inamagazineabouttoys.
B. Inahistorybook.
C. Inanewspaperaboutscience.
D. Inanadvertisement.
(2)WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUE?
A. Ratsdon'tneedelectricity.
B. Ratsarebetterthanrobotswhensmelling.
C. Ratsareascleverasradios. D. Ratscanseethingsinthedarkwhendoingrescues.
(3)Whydoesthe"ratproject"soundgreataccordingtothepassage?
A. Becauseratscangetintoverysmallspaces.
B. Becauseratshavebetternosesthandogs.
C. Becauseratsdon'tlikerobots.
D. Becauseratsarebrave.
(4)Whichisthebesttitleofthispassage?
A. Waysofsavingpeople
B. Rats
C. Earthquakes
D. Ratsforrescue
【答案】
(1)C
(2)C
(3)A
(4)D
【解析】【分析】主要讲了老鼠是怎样营救人的。
(1)推断题。
根据全文可知主要讲了老鼠救人,所以可以在关于科学的报纸上发现,故选C。
(2)细节题。
根据Thisissenttoasmallradioonitsback,andthentherescuersfollowtheradiosignals.可知信号被发送给收音机,而没有说老鼠和收音机一样聪明,故选C。
(3)细节题。
根据"Itwouldbegreat.Aratcouldgetintoanyplacewecouldn'tgetto,andaratwouldgetoutifitwasn'tsafe."可知是因为老鼠可以去非常小的地方,故选A。
(4)主旨题。
根据全文可知主要讲了老鼠是怎样营救人的。
故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解。
本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型,细节题要注意从文中寻找答案;推断题需要联系上下文,推断出需要的信息;主旨题需要通读全文,了解大意之后找出中心思想。
3.阅读理解
Aneighty-year-oldcouplewerehavingtroublewiththeirmemories.Oneday,theydecidedtoseeadoctor.Thedoctortoldthemthattherewasnothingserious,buthesuggestedthattheyshouldstartwritingthingsdowntohelpthemrememberthings.Thecouplethankedthedoctorandleft.
LaterthatnightwhilewatchingTV,theoldmangotupfromhischairandhiswifeasked,"Whereareyougoing?
""Tothekitchen.""Willyougetmeanicecream?
"askedthewife."Sure."Thenhiswifeaskedhimtowriteitdown."No,Icanrememberthat,"repliedthehusband."Well,Ialsowantsomestrawberriesandcreamontop.You'dbetterwriteitdown,oryouwillforgetthat,"saidthewife."No,Icanrememberthat,"thehusbandgotalittleunhappyandwentintothekitchen.
Afterabout20minutes,thehusbandreturnedwithaplateoffish.Thewifelaughed,"Haha!
Yourbadmemory!
Iwantedsomebreadwithcream."
(1)Howoldwasthewife?
A. Eight.
B. Eighteen.
C. Eighty.
D. Eighties.
(2)Whydidthecouplegotothedoctor?
A. Becausetheyhadaheadache. B. Becausetheyhadbadmemories.
C. Becausethedoctorwastheirson.
D. Becausetheoldmanwasill.
(3)Whatdidthehusbandgivetothewife?
A. Anicecream.
B. Somestrawberriesandcream.
C. Somebreadwithcream.
D. Somefish.
(4)Whatdidthewifereallywant?
A. Somebreadwithcream.
B. Anicecreamwithsomestrawberriesandcream.
C. Aplateoffish.
D. Somestrawberriesandcream.
【答案】
(1)C
(2)B
(3)D
(4)B
【解析】【分析】文章大意:
一对老夫妇记忆力出现了问题,去看医生,医生说没有什么大碍,然他们把想做的事记下来便于他们记忆,一天骑在让丈夫拿东西,妻子让他记下来,他说他记住了,可是拿来的不是妻子想要的。
(1)细节理解题,根据Aneighty-year-oldcouplewerehavingtroublewiththeirmemories. 可知他们已经八十了,故答案是C。
(2)细节理解题,根据Aneighty-year-oldcouplewerehavingtroublewiththeirmemories. 可知他们去看医生是因为他们的记忆出现了问题,故答案是B。
(3)细节理解题,根据 Afterabout20minutes,thehusbandreturnedwithaplateoffish.可知,丈夫给他妻子拿来的是鱼,故答案是D。
(4)细节理解题,根据Willyougetmeanicecream?
" Ialsowantsomestrawberriesandcreamontop.可知吗,妻子要的是带有草莓和奶油的冰淇淋,故答案是B。
【点评】考查阅读理解,本文涉及到了细节理解题,细节理解题比较简单,一般可以直接在文中找到答案。
4.阅读理解
ChipwasinthefirstgradewhenIarrivedathisschoolasacounselor(辅导员).Itwasshockingtomethathewasdescribedasanangry,uncontrollableandevil(道德败坏的)boy.Howcouldsuchalittleboy,afterbeinginschoolonlyoneyear,beconsidered"evil"?
Overthenextseveralmonths,IcametoknowChipwellenoughtoseethathewasneitherevilnoruncontrollable.
But,on
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