上海新世纪英语高一第一学期全部课文 AdditionalReading.docx

上海新世纪英语高一第一学期全部课文 AdditionalReading.docx

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上海新世纪英语高一第一学期全部课文AdditionalReading

1.Peoplefromallwalksoflife

Whenapersongrowsup,hewilltakeupdifferentoccupationsinvariousworkplaces.Asocietyisthusmadeupofallwalksoflife.Whatkindofpersondoyouwanttobeinthefuture?

Thefollowingintroductionsmaygiveyousomeidea.

TEACHERTeachersareprofessionals.Theyworkinschools,colleges,universitiesandothereducationalinstitutions.Theytrytheirbesttohelpstudentsgainnewknowledgeandbecomeusefulpeopleinsociety.Teachersareinvolvedinmanytasks,suchasexplaininglessons,givinghomeworkandcorrectingpapers.Attheendofeveryterm,theymarktestpapersandgivegradestotheirstudents.Actuallyteachersdomore.Oftentheirimpactonstudentsstaysallthroughtheirlives.

SURGEONSurgeons,liketeachers,arealsoprofessionals.Asaspecialgroupofdoctors,surgeonsoperateonsickpeopleandrepairtheorgansthatnolongerworkproperly.Hospitalsaretheirworkplaces.Afteranoperation,asurgeontakescareofthepatient’smedicaltreatmentuntilhegetswell.Theskillsofasurgeonsometimesmeanthedifferencesbetweenlifeanddeath.

SECRETARYAsecretaryworksinanoffice.Thejobofasecretaryofteninvolveswritingletters,answeringtelephonecalls,andreceivingpeople.Asecretarystoresinformationonacomputerandputspapersingoodorderinfilecabinets.Asalinkbetweenthebossandthevisitors,asecretaryalsohelpsthebossworkoutplansandtimetables.Traditionally,moregirlsthanboysworkassecretaries.

FASHIONMODELFashionmodelswearthelateststylesofclothesandshowthemtousthroughtelevision,newspapersandmagazines.Fashionshowprogrammesusuallyhavealargeaudience.Theclothesandhairstylesoffashionmodelsmayseemstrangetotheelderly,butalargenumberofyoungpeopleenjoyfollowingtrendsandwanttobedressedlikethemodels.Theycollectfashionpicturesandadmirethosesuperstarsofthecatwalk.

Wouldyouliketobeoneofthepeopleintroducedhere?

Whatdoyouwanttodointhefuture?

2.Whattochoose?

Todaymoreandmorehighschoolgraduatesgoontocollege.Mostyoungpeopledecidetheircoursesofstudyforthemselves.Theydonotwaitfortheirparentstotellthemwhatcareertochoose.

Forexample,Jack’sfatherpracticesmedicine.Eventhoughhewantshissonalsotobecomeadoctor,hedoesn’tinsistthatJackstudymedicinewhenhefinisheshighschool.

HebelievesthatJackmustmakeuphisownmindabouthiscoursesofstudy.Hiswife,ontheotherhand,disagreeswithhim.ShethinksthatJackshouldbecomeadoctor,andsohecanbecomeapartnerwithhisfather.

Jackisn’tsurewhathewantstostudyincollege.Onedayhefeelsthathe’dliketobecomeanengineer.However,thenextdayhethinksthatperhapsheshouldstudybusinessmanagement.Rightnowheisstudyingchemistry,biology,andphysics.Allofthemwillbeusefulifhefinallychoosestostudymedicineincollege.

Jacklikeshisfather’sattitude,andisgratefulthathisfatherisn’tforcinghimtobecomeadoctor.

Insomecountriesparentsoftendecidewhatcareerstheirchildrenwillfollow---especiallytheirsons.Tchaikovsky（柴可夫斯基，1840-1893，俄国作曲家）,thecomposerofSwanLake（芭蕾舞剧《天鹅湖》）,wasaskedtostudylaw.He,however,didn’ttakeaninterestinit.Tchaikovskymadeagreatdecisiononhisown.Hegaveuphisgovernmentservicelaterandstartedtostudymusic.

Somepeoplethinktheyoungareprobablygoingtobesuccessfulbecausetheyaredoingthethingstheymostwanttodoinlife.Manypeople,however,disagreewiththem.

3.Michelangelo

Michelangelo（米开朗琪罗，1475-1564，意大利文艺复兴时期成就卓著的科学家、艺术家）wasanItalianartistabout500yearsago.Todayheisstillrememberedasagreatsculptor,painter,andarchitect.

Michelangelocamefromapoorfamily.HewastrainedatanearlyagelikeanyothercraftsmaninItaly.Atthirteen,hestartedtoworkandlearninaworkshop.Theworkshopbelongedtooneoftheleadingmastersatthattime.IntheworkshopMichelangelowasabletolearnalltheskillsofsculpture.However,hewasn’tsatisfied,andwentontostudytheworkofthegreatmastersofthepast.Michelangeloworkedhardandhemasteredoneproblemafteranother.Bythetimehewas30,hewasgenerallyregardedasoneoftheoutstandingsculptorsoftheage.

In1508,Michelangelowasgivenatask---topainttheceilingoftheSistineChapel（位于罗马梵蒂冈的西斯廷教堂）.Atfirst,hetriedtoturndownthisjob,sayingthathewasnotreallyapainter,butasculptor.Finally,heagreedtodoit.Hethenshuthimselfupinthechapel,letnoonecomenearhim,andgotreadytoworkalone.

Ittookhimfouryearstocompletethepaintingsontheceiling.AnyordinarypersonwouldfindithardtoimaginewhatMichelangelohadgonethroughinthosefouryearsofhardandlonelywork.Michelangelo,whileworking,hadtolieonhisbackandpaint.Asaresult,hebecamesousedtolookingupwardthatwhenhereceivedaletterduringthatperiod,hehadtoholditoverhisheadtoreadit.Finally,thepaintingswerecompleted.ThegreatandhugepaintingsontheceilingandwallsofthechapelhaveeversincebecomeafascinationtopeopleinItalyandallovertheworld.

Michelangeloleftuswithagreatnumberofsculpturesandpaintings.Todayhisworksarestillexamplesforartstudentstostudyandfollow.Homeandoverseasvisitorscan’thelpbutadmirethesemasterpieces.

4.JimCorrigan

JimCorrigan,awell-builtmaninhislate20’s,worksinalargehospital.JimisanX-raytechnician.ItishisjobtodevelopthemanyX-rayfilmsthataretakenofpeople’slungs,stomachsandotherbodyparts.

Jimworksinadarkroom,aroomthatisspeciallyequippedfordevelopingfilm.Firstheremovesthefilmfromtheleadplates（金属片）thatareusedtoholdit.Thenhefeedsthefilmintoadevelopingmachine.Ittakesabout90secondsforittodevelop.Thefilmisthenreadytobeexaminedbyadoctor.

Jim’sworkisimportant,andbothdoctorsandpatientseagerly,oftenworriedly,waitfortheresultsofhiswork.Jimdoesn’tkeepthemwaitingtoolong.Heisquickandorderlyathisjob.ThiswouldnotbeunusualexceptforthefactthatJimCorriganisblind.

“Inthebeginningitwastricky,”Jimexplains,“Thefilmcomesinfivedifferentsizes.AndsometimesIwouldgetthemmixedup.ButIhaveneverletamistakegetoutofthedarkroom.”Aftersometime,Jimlearnedtomeasurethefilmbyrunninghisfingersovertheedges.

“Ihaveasystem,”explainsJim,“sothatIcanfindthingseasilyinthedarkroom.It’sasimplesystem.IjustkeepmymaterialsinorderandputthembackinthesameplaceafterIusethem.Idon’thavetosearchforanything.”

“Jimisquitecapableandcanbetrusted,”sayshisboss,“Iwouldn’thavehimworkinghereifheweren’t.Andthatbringsmetothequestionofhandicappedpeople.Youcan’tletyourselfgetupsetaboutthem.Theywanttobetreatedjustlikeanybodyelse---andtheyshouldbe.Theydon’twantyoutofellsorryforthem.”

NoonehastofeelsorryforJimCorrigan.

5.StartingaconversationwithaforeignerinEnglish

Asyourodeonthebusoneday,aforeignersatdownbesideyou.Finally,herewasaperfectopportunityforyoutopracticespeakingEnglishwithaforeigner,youthoughttoyourself.Butnowordscameintoyourhead.Youweretongue-tied!

After15minutes,theforeignergotoffthebusandyoudidn’tutteraword!

“Whatashame!

”yousaidtoyourself.

Ifyouhavehadsuchanexperience,don’tfeelbad.You’renotalone.Whatyouneedisalessoninsmalltalk.Herearesometipsthatwillshowyouhowtogetstarted.

“HELLO”---ASTARTERFirst,exchangea“Hello”or“Hi”withtheforeigner,butatthesametime,paycloseattentionandseeifhefeelslikechatting.Watchhisfacialexpressionandbodylanguageforcues.Havingsaidhis“Hello”or“Hi”inreturn,doeshejuststareoutofthewindoworkeepreadingthebookinhishand?

That’sthecueforyoutostopmovingon.Don’tforceaconversationonsomeonewhowantstobeleftalone.

Butwhatifthepersonstopswhateverheisdoingandlooksbackorsmilesatyou?

Thesearepositivecues,indicatingyoucankeeptalkingandstartaconversation!

SMALLTALK---THEMAINCOURSETostartaconversation,youshouldchooseasuitabletopic.Then,whataretherulesforchoosingasuitabletopic?

Perhapsthemostuniversaltopicofanyconversationistheweather.Everyonehasanopiniontoshareabouttheweather!

Don’timmediatelylaunchintoserioustopicslikepoliticsorreligion.Anddon’ttalkaboutpersonalmatters,either.Sticktofamiliarsubjectsofacasualnaturesuchasmovies,music,sports,favouritethings,orone’slikesanddislikes.

Smalltalkflowsnaturally.Raiseopen-endedquestionsratherthanyes-noquestionstokeeptheconversationgoing.Trytofindpointsofconnectionbetweenyouandthepersonyouarechattingwith.Offershortcommentsonwhattheotherpersonsays,andlistenattentivelywhenwhatyousayisbeingcommentedon.Ifyougetsuchcommentsas“That’sinteresting.”,“Iagree.”,or“Metoo.”thenyouknowyou’reontherighttrack.

YoucanhavealotoffunchattinginEnglishwithforeigners.Theywill,too.Tryit!

Makingsmalltalkcanbeoneoflife’spleasures.

6.Nevertoobusyforsocialmanners

Soyouforgottoanswerthatpartyinvitationyoureceived.Now,thedayhascomeandgone,andyou’refeelingguiltybecauseyounevertoldthehostyoucouldn’tattend.

“Don’tallowthisoversight（疏忽）toruinyourrelationship,”saysR.ThomasBoone,aUSsocialpsychologist.“Iwouldshowupwithabottleofwineandsay,‘Iowe（感激，亏欠）youone.I’mreallysorry’,”Boonesays.

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