上海寒假英语八年级语法被动语态教案.docx
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上海寒假英语八年级语法被动语态教案.docx
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上海寒假英语八年级语法被动语态教案
精锐教育1对3辅导讲义
学员姓名:
学科教师:
年级:
八年级辅导科目:
英语
授课日期
时间
主题
被动语态
学习目标
1.掌握被动语态的基本概念及主动变被动的解题步骤和技巧;
2.在具体语境中熟练运用被动语态
教学内容
1、互动探索
教学建议:
1、引导学生用主动语态和被动语态描述前四幅图中的情景;
2、让学生用被动语态说出后四幅图中的情景。
TheGreatWall
Build
Chinesepeople
I
Buy
Computer
ThomasEdison
Invent
Light
Students
plant
trees
被动语态
教学建议:
1、引导学生分析主动语态与被动语态的区别
【知识梳理1】语态的基本概念:
语态是表示句子中主语和谓语动词之间的关系的术语。
英语中只有两个语态:
主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是谓语动词动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是谓语动词动作的承受者。
例:
Ihavereturnedthemagazinestothelibrary.
Themagazineshavebeenreturnedtothelibrary.
Thestudentscleanedtheirclassroomafterschooleveryday.
Theclassroomiscleanedbythestudentsafterschooleveryday.
【巩固练习】
1.Heoftentellsusinterestingstories.(改为被动语态)
We__________________interestingstoriesbyhim.
Interestingstories__________________tousbyhim.
2.Alotoftreesalongtheriverlastyear.
A.plantedB.areplantedC.wereplanted
5.Thetreesmustthreetimesaweek.
A.waterB.iswateringC.bewateredD.waters
Keys:
areoftentold;areoftentold;C;C
【知识梳理2】被动语态的构成
教学建议:
1.被动语态的关键点:
be动词的变化
2.老师师范讲解一般现在时的被动语态构成,然后由学生模仿变化其他时态的被动语态。
1.被动语态的基本结构:
be+动词的过去分词
2.各种时态的主动、被动语态的结构:
时态
主动语态
被动语态
一般现在时
do/does
am/is/are+done
一般过去时
did
was/were+done
现在进行时
am/is/are+doing
am/is/are+beingdone
现在完成时
have/has+done
have/has+beendone
一般将来时
will/shall/begoingto+do
will/shall/begoingto+bedone
过去进行时
Was/were+doing
was/were+beingdone
过去完成时
had+done
had+beendone
过去将来时
would/should/begoingto+do
would/should/begoingto+bedone
含有情态动词
can/may/must+do
can/may/must+bedone
【巩固练习】
1.TheheadmasterpraisedBenforhishonesty.(改为被动语态)
Ben__________________forhishonesty_________theheadmaster.
2.Thefiremenareusinglongladdersforrescuingpeopleintallbuildings.(改为被动语态)
Longladdersforrescuingpeopleintallbuildingsbythefiremen.
3.MotherwillbuyJackanewshirt.(改为被动语态)
AnewshirtJackbyMother.
4.Youhadbettertakethewoundedsoldierstohospitalatonce.(改为被动语态)
Thewoundedsoldiershadbettertohospitalatonce.
5.Theadultstellthechildrennottoswiminthatdeepriver.(改为被动语态)
Thechildrennottoswiminthatdeepriver.
6.CansomeagedChineseunderstandRussian?
(改为被动语态)
CanbysomeagedChinese?
7.Thebossmadetheemployeesworktenhoursaday.(改为被动语态)
Theemployeesweremadetenhoursaday.
8.Wholooksafterthechildreninthekindergarten?
(改为被动语态)
Bythechildrenafterinthekindergarten?
.
9.TheSpringFestivaliswelcomedbytheChineseallovertheworld.(改为主动语态)
TheChineseallovertheworldtheSpringFestival.
10.Thepriceofmeathasrisenfromtenyuantofifteenyuanrecently.(保持原句意思)
Thepriceofmeatfromtenyuantofifteenyuanrecently.
Keys:
1.waspraised,by2.arebeingused3.willbeboughtfor4.betaken5.aretold
6.Russianbeunderstood7.towork8.whomare,looked9.welcome10.hasbeenraised
【知识梳理3】被动语态的句法功能
教学建议:
1.老师通过图示演示主动变被动的过程,
2.给出主动句子,让学生把句子转换成被动语态。
1.当不知道谁是动作的执行者,或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。
e.g.:
Japaneseistaughtinthatschool.(类似中文的“饭吃过了”,英汉说话习惯的相似性)
2.当需要强调动作的承受者而不是执行者时。
e.g.:
Herbookwillbebroughttomorrowmorning.
看图学知识,来发挥你的潜力吧,找到主动变被动语态的小技巧!
!
总结:
上面例句的小规律:
△主动语态变为被动语态的方法:
主动语态:
主语+谓语动词+宾语
(执行者)(承受者)
被动语态:
主语+be+过去分词(+by+执行者)(承受者)一般省略
【巩固练习】
1.Children(notallow)toplayfrighteninggames.
2.Atlastthetwopictures(hang)sidebyside.
3.TheGreatWall(know)bypeopleallovertheworld.
4.Allthebuildings(turn)intohospitalsrecently.
5.Howlongcanthesemagazines(keep)?
6.Thevegetables(plant)inthefieldsnextweek.
7.Thesoldierwasveryillwhenhe(operate)onbyDr.Bethune.
8.Thepasswordofyouremailboxshould(memorize)..
9.Liquidscan(turn)intogasesiftheirtemperatures(make)hotenough.
10.Thenextmorningthey(find)thatsometrees(blow)downduringthenight.
Keys:
1.arenotallowed2.werehung3.isknown4.havebeenturned5.bekept
6.willbeplanted7.wasbeingoperated8.bememorized9.turn(beturned),aremade
10.found,wereblown
【知识梳理4】主动语态和被动语态的转换
1.主动语态变为被动语态
要将主动句里的宾语变为被动句中的主语,若主动句中的宾语是人称代词,要将宾格变成主格。
把主动句中的主语变为被动句中的宾语,主格代词变成宾格代词,并由by引导。
谓语动词变成相应的被动形式。
WeaskedhimtosinganEnglishsong.
HewasaskedtosinganEnglishsongbyus.
主动语态:
动作执行者+谓语动词主动形式+动作承受者
被动语态:
动作承受者+谓语动词被动形式+动作执行者
批注:
主动,主动,主去动;被动,被动,主被动。
2.带双宾语的谓语动词变为被动语态
教学建议:
1.让学生了解什么叫双宾语及宾语补足语并举例说明;
2.给出具体例句让学生来变成被动。
谓语动词带双宾语时,既可以将间接宾语转化成主语,也可以将直接宾语转化成主语;
若将间接宾语转化成主语,则保留直接宾语;
若将直接宾语转化成主语则保留间接宾语,且在被保留的间接宾语前加上介词to或for;
Shegavemeabook.(变为被动语态)
Iwasgivenabookbyher.(间接宾语me改为了主语)
Abookwasgiventomebyher.(直接宾语abook改为了主语)
备注:
此语法点应多呈现后接双宾语的动词详细讲解并加强练习。
如:
bring,take,send,show等
3.动词短语变为被动语态
许多由不及物动词和介词、副词构成的动词短语相当于及物动词,可以有宾语,也可以有被动语态动词短
语是一个不可分割的整体,在变为被动语态时,不可丢掉构成动词短语的介词或副词。
Weshouldspeaktooldmenpolitely.
Oldmenshouldbespokentopolitely.
4.带宾语补足语的被动语态
宾语后若有宾补,变被动语态时,只把宾语变为被动句的主语,宾语补足语保留在原处,成为主语补足语。
IheardJaneplayingthepianoinherroom.
Janewasheardplayingthepianoinherroom.
5.变被动语态后动词形式的选择
主动句中的感官动词see,hear,watch,feel,notice等,及使役动词let,make,have等后跟省略to的不定式,
变为被动句时,应加上不定式符号to.
Hemakesthegirlstayathome.
Thegirlismadetostayathomebyhim.
备注:
一感二听三让四看,变被动还原to.
【例题精讲】
【例1】Manyaccidents_________ bycarelessdriverslastyear.
A.arecaused B.werecausedC.havecaused D.willcause
【答案】B
【例2】Drivingafterdrinkingwine_________inChina.
A.allows B.doesn'tallow C.isallowed D.isn'tallowed
【答案】D
【例3】Manytreesandflowers_________inourcityeveryyear.
A.planted B.areplanted C.wereplanted D.plants
【答案】B
【巩固练习】
1.TheSpringFestival_________inJanuaryorFebruary.
A.celebrates B.iscelebrated C.celebrated D.wascelebrated
2.Softdrinks_________tochildrenforfreeinsomerestaurantsonChildren'sDay.
A. offer B.haveoffered C.areoffered D.willbeoffered
3.—Suihuaissobeautiful.It'slikeabiggarden.
—Yes.Manytreesandflowers_________inourcityeveryyear.
A.areplanting B.areplanted C.wereplanted
4.Whenwillthebirthdayparty_________,onMondayeveningorTuesdayevening?
A.hold B.beheld C.held D.beholding
5.Itwillbetwodaysbeforethedecision_________.
A.hasmade B.willbemade C.wasmade D.ismade.
6.—DidyougotoJim’sbirthdayparty?
—No,I_________.
A.haven’tinvited B.didn’tinvite C.amnotinvited D.wasn’tinvited
7.Atlasttheboywasmade_________andbegantolaugh.
A.stopcrying B.tostoptocry C.tostopcrying D.stoptocry
8.—DoyouknowLucy’sgrandma?
—Ofcourse.Sheisakindwoman,butshehas_________foraboutamonthsinceshe_________intheaccident.
A.beendead;waskilled B.died;waskilled
C.beendead;killed D.died;killed
9.English_________moreandmorewidely(广泛)today.Sowemustlearnitwell.
A.uses B.used C.isused
10.—Howmanypeoplewill_________toyourbirthdayparty?
—Twelve.
A.invite B.beinvited C.beinviting
Keys:
1-10BCBDDDCACB
教学建议:
此部分必须由班级学员合作完成。
建议步骤为:
1)在8分钟内学员独立完成测试;
2)老师给出答案,学员相互批改;
3)在5分钟内就错题学员间相互合作,讨论错题,保证每一位学员都懂;
4)让每个学生简单总结一下错误原因及应该注意的问题。
【基础题】
1.Myfather____________togiveaspeechatthemeetingyesterday.(崇明)
A.askedB.wasaskedC.asksD.hasasked
2.Manyhouses_________inthestormafewdaysago.Whatapity!
(奉贤)
A.damageB.damagedC.weredamagingD.weredamaged
3.TheExpoCenterinShanghai_________onDecember25th,2009.(虹口)
A.completedB.wascompletedC.hascompletedD.hasbeencompleted
4.Whenthebreadwas___________,theyusuallydepartedfortheirnewflat.(虹口)
A.turnedoutB.soldoutC.pointedoutD.workedout
5.Morenewclassroombuildings_________inourschoolinthenextfewyears.(嘉定)
A.willbebuiltB.wasbuiltC.hasbuiltD.willbuild
6.Goodservice___________byChinaduringthe29thOlympicGamesin2008.(静安)
A.providedB.hasprovidedC.wasprovidedD.hasbeenprovided
7.---InChinaplasticbags_________inthesupermarketnow.
---Yes,peopleshoulduseenvironmentalbags.(卢湾)
A.canuseB.canbeusedC.can’tuseD.can’tbeused
8.Whiletravelling,youshouldgiveyourselfadayto_________thetimeandknowthewaynearby.(卢湾)
A.usedtoB.beusedtoC.usetoD.beused
9.Doyouknowhowmanycars_________inShanghaieveryyear?
(普陀)
A.produceB.willproduceC.areproducingD.areproduced
10.Theoldmanmovedheretolivewithhissonfiveyearsago,sohe_________thelifehere.(松江)
A.usedtoB.isusedtoC.isn’tusedtoD.usednotto
11.Itwasreportedthatmoreyoungteachers_________toYunnansometimenextyear.(松江)
A.wouldsendB.willsendC.wouldbesentD.willbesent
12.ThoughQianXuesen____________forseveralmonths,wewillrememberhimforever.(徐汇)
A.diedB.hasdiedC.wasdeadD.hasbeendead
13.Asweallknow,woodandstones____________bridgesinmanycountries.(徐汇)
A.usedtobuildB.usedtobuilding
C.areusedtobuildD.areusedtobuilding
14.Thesenewclothes____________tothechildreninthemountainvillagestomorrow.(徐汇)
A.aresentB.weresentC.hasbeensentD.willbesent
15.Moretrees_________onbothsidesoftheroadinourcitythiscomingwinterholidays.(闸北)
A.areplantedB.wereplantedC.havebeenplantedD.will
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