届福建省福州市高中毕业班第三次质量检测英语试题带答案解析.docx
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届福建省福州市高中毕业班第三次质量检测英语试题带答案解析.docx
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届福建省福州市高中毕业班第三次质量检测英语试题带答案解析
2020届福建省福州市高中毕业班第三次质量检测
英语试题
Wanttobemoresuccessful?
Ifso,thenyouneedtoreadafewself-helpbooks.Herearefourpopularonestogetyougoing.
59Seconds(2009)byRichardWiseman
Thisisaself-helpbookwithadifference.Wiseman,ascientist,usessciencetoprovemanyself-helpmyths(神话)arefalse.Forexample,self-helpbookssaythatifyouwanttoachieveagoal,youshouldvisualizeit.ButWisemansaysthat'stheworstthingtodo.Studiesshowthatyouneedtovisualizethestepsrequiredtoachievethegoal.
HowtoWinFriends&InfluencePeople(1936)—byDaleCarnegie
Thisisthebookthatlaunchedtheself-helptype.Carnegiesaysfinancialsuccessis15%professionalknowledgeand85%theabilitytoexpressideas,assumeleadership,andmotivatepeople.Thebookisfullofpracticaladviceonhowtoinfluencepeoplebymakingthemlikeyou.
TheMillionaireNextDoor(1996)byThomasStanley&WlliamDanko
TheauthorsofthisbookspentyearsinterviewingAmericanmillionairestofigureoutthesecretsoftheirsuccess.Andtheydiscoveredthatamajorityofmillionairesdon'tliveluxurylifestyles.They'rerichbecausetheylivebelowtheirmeansandreinvestwhattheyearn.
WhoMovedMyCheese?
(1998)-bySpencerJohnson
WhoMovedMyCheese?
AnAmazingWaytoDealwithChangeinYourWorkandinYourLife,publishedonSeptember8,1998,isamotivationalbusinessfable.Thetextdescribeschangeinone'sworkandlife,andfourtypicalreactionstothosechangesbytwomiceandtwo“littlepeople”,duringtheirhuntforcheese.
1.Whatisthekeytoachievingsuccessin59Seconds?
A.Toemployscience.B.Tofollowexamples.
C.Topictureprocedures.D.Tovisualizethegoal.
2.WhatisDaleCarnegie'sbookmainlyabout?
A.Howtomasteroccupationalknowledge.B.Howtoapplypracticaltechniques.
C.Howtogainstrongmanagement.D.Howtobecomepopularpersons.
3.Whichbookcanhelpyouadapttochangeinyourlife?
A.59SecondsB.WhoMovedMyCheese?
C.TheMillionaireNextDoorD.HowtoWinFriends&InfluencePeople
WhenMilletwasaboyheworkedonhisneedyfather'sfarm.Attheresthourinthefieldstheotherworkerswouldalltakenaps,butyoungMilletwouldspendtimedrawing.Finally,thevillagewherehelivedgavehimalittlemoneytoParistostudyart.
WhenMilletreachedParis,hehadatoughtime.Fortunately,whenhewasalmoststarving,someoneboughtoneofhispeasantpaintings,whichenabledhisfamilytoleaveforBarbizon.
Millet'spicturesofpeasantsatworkwerepaintedinauniqueway.Thepainterwouldgooutonthefarmsandwatchthemcarefully—digging,hoeing,spreadingmanure,sawingwood,orsowinggrain.Thenhewouldcomehomeandpaintwhathehadseen.Soastonishinglyaccuratewashismemorythathecouldpaintathomewithoutmodelsandgetallthemovementsofhisfiguresright.Whenhedidneedafiguretogoby,hewouldaskhiswifetoposeforhim.
Oneofhisnotedartworksiscalled“TheSower”,whichshowsamanseeding.Hereachesintohisbagforseedandthenswingsbackwardtoscattertheseed,andwitheachswingofhishandthesowerstridesforward.InMillet'spicturethesowerhasbeenworkinghard,buthisswingingstepandarmstillmovesmoothly,likeamachine.Onlytheman'sheadrevealshisgreattiredness.
Anothermasterpieceiscalled“TheGleaners”.Agleanerissomeonepickinguptheleftoverinthefieldafterthewheatharvest.WhenfarmersnearBarbizonareextremelybadly-off,eventhelittlethegleanerscanfindisahelp.YoucanseefromMillet'spicturewhatback-breakingworkgleaningmustbe.
4.WhatdoweknowaboutMillet?
A.Hiswifesupportedhimtobeapainter.B.Hewaskeenonpaintingasakid.
C.HespenthiswholelifeinBarbizon.D.HewasbroughtupinParis.
5.Howdidhepaintthelaboringfarmers?
A.Askingmodelsforhelp.B.Imaginingfiguresinthefield.
C.Rememberingwhathehadobserved.D.Recallingthedaysonhisfather'sfarm.
6.WhatdoMillet'sworksconvey?
A.Thefarmers'hardships.B.Thesceneoffarming.
C.Hisloveforthevillage.D.Hisanxietyaboutthefarmers.
7.WhatpaintingstyleofMilletcanbeinferredfromthetext?
A.Impressionistic.B.Abstract.
C.Romantic.D.Realistic.
TheLondonInterdisciplinarySchool(LIS),scheduledtoopenin2021withatargetofadmitting100students,willabandontraditionalacademicsubjectsandofferathreeyearbachelorofartsandsciencesdegreedesignedtodealwithreal-worldissues.Thecurriculumisbuiltaroundinterdisciplinaryproblems—knifecrime,childhoodobesity,plasticpollution,amongothers—aswellasquantitativeandqualitativeresearchskills.EmployersliketheMetPoliceandVirginwillprovideprojectideasandofferfive-weekworkexperienceforstudents.
“We’regoingtotryandcreateareallytransformationaleducationalexperiencewhereallthepeopleintheinstitutionarewakingupeverymorningandsaying,‘Howcanwetakethesebrilliantyoungpeopleandgivethemanamazinglearningexperience?
”saysEdFidoe,aco-founderoftheLIS.TheideaissimilartoaU.S.liberalarts(通识教育)degreebutalsomorespecificallyfocusedonmultiplesubjects—economics,psychology,sociology,statistic,etc.—tosolvecomplexproblemslikechildhoodobesity.Inotherwords,theproblem,notthesubject,sitsatthecenterofthecurriculum.Theskillsstudentsdevelop,thefoundershope,willmorecloselycomeintoagreementwithwhatanAl-infused,automatedworlddemands:
collaboration(协作)betweenpeopleandmachines,criticalthinking,speakingandwritingskill,anddatamanagement,tonamejustafewthings.
Thechallengesofbuildinganewuniversityfromscratcharedaunting(令人生畏的):
studentshavetosignupfor,andpayfor,somethinguntested;alltheteacherswillhavetoteachinatotallynewanddifferentway;andthere’sariskthataninterdisciplinarycurriculumwillbeinterestingbutthin.Fidoesaysit’satallorder.“Areany17-year-oldsgoingtobecrazyenoughtocometosomethingthatdoesn’texistyetagainstsomethingthat’sbeenaroundfor150years?
”hesays.
IntheU.K,studentsapplythroughanadmissionsservicecenter,andexamresultsaremoreimportantthananythingelse.Onthecontrary,attheLIS,studentswillinsteadapplydirectlyduringapre-determined“selectionday”whereeveryoneisinvitedtoparticipate.Thisdaywillincludeaface-to-faceinterviewsothatthecollegecanbetterunderstandastudent’sbackground,motivations,andpassions.
8.WhatistheaimoftheLIS?
A.Toprovidemoreandmoreprojectideasforstudents.
B.Totakeareal-worldapproachtohighereducation.
C.Tohelpemployerstodevelopthestudents’skills.
D.Toconductqualitativeandquantitativeresearch.
9.What’sspecialaboutthecurriculumtheLISsetsup?
A.Itissubject-centered.B.ItisbasedonAItechnology.
C.Itcentersaroundsocialconcerns.D.Itcoverseveryaspectofsociety.
10.Whatdoesthesentence“it’satallorder”underlinedinPara.3mean?
A.It’sinterestingtoteachinanewapproach.
B.It’sboundtoputthecurriculuminorder.
C.It’sexcitingtotakeonnewchallenges.
D.It’shardtobuildthenewuniversity.
11.WhatcanwelearnabouttheLISfromthelastparagraph?
A.Itpaysmoreattentiontoexamresults.
B.Itfocusesmoreontheface-to-faceinterview.
C.Itemphasizesstudents’personalexperiencesandqualities.
D.Itstressestheimportanceofispre-determined“selectionday”.
InaccessibleIslandiswellnamed.ItisanuninhabitedrockintheSouthAtlanticocean.Gothere,though,andyouwillfinditscoastiscoveredwithlitter.
ThathasbeentheexperienceofPeterRyanoftheUniversityofCapeTown,inSouthAfrica.Since1984Dr.RyanhasbeenvisitingInaccessible,recordingthelitterstrandedontheisland'sbeaches.Thisweek,hehaspublishedtheresults.
ThoughInaccessibleisindeedremote,thenatureofoceaniccirculationmeansthatthisisexactlythesortofplacewherefloatingrubbishtendstoaccumulate.
Dr.Ryanandhiscolleaguesfocusedononeparticularclassoflitter:
bottles.Theirdefinitionofabottleincludedjarsandcontainers,andthingsmadeofmetal,glassorpolymer.Most,though,wereofpolyethyleneterephthalate,alightplastic.
Aparticularadvantageofpickingbottlestoinvestigateisthattheyareoftenstampedwiththeircountryofmanufacture.ThatenabledDr.Ryantoanalyzethehistoryofoceaniclittering.Heanalyzedtheproportionsofbottlesfromvariousgeographicalsources.In1989thepreponderance(优势)ofthem(67%)wasSouthAmerican.Twentyyearslater,in2009,bottlesmadeinAsiacontributedmoreorlessequally(44%)withSouthAmericanones(41%).By2018theoverwhelming(压倒性的)majority(74%)wereAsian.
Thisgeographicalshiftspeaksvolumes.ThefirstsamplesuggestsmostlitterarrivingonInaccessiblehadbeenwashedoffthelandordroppedfromcoastalshipping—SouthAmericabeingarelativelynearbycontinent.Theothertwo,withtheirrisingproportionsofrubbishfromAsia,whichistoofarfromtheislandforittohavefloatedthere,stronglysuggestitwascrews’emptiesbeingflungfromships.Suchlitteringisbanned—which,ironically,cameintoforcein1989.Butevidentlyalotofships’captainsdonotcare.Theypermitthedumpingofrubbishovertheside,regardless.
12.WhatleadstolittergatheringonInaccessibleIsland?
A.Thenaturalphenomenonofoceancurrents.B.Toomanypeople’sactivitiesontheisland.
C.Thelitter’sfloatingaroundtheisland.D.Theisland’sremotelocation.
13.WhydoesDr.Ryanchoosebottlesassubjects?
A.Itiseasytoanalyzethem.B.Itispossibletofigureouttheirsources.
C.Therearestampsattachedtothem.D.Theycontributemosttooceaniclitte
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