高考英语词汇和短语汇编词汇解析.docx

高考英语词汇和短语汇编词汇解析.docx

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高考英语词汇和短语汇编词汇解析

高考英语重点词汇用法解析

A

1.●abandonv.放弃，遗弃，抛弃abandonthebaby/child/friend

abandontheplan/idea/effort/hope

abandononeselfto陷入，沉湎于Heabandonedhimselftodespair.

2.◎abilityn.能力；才能theabilitytowalk行走的能力

tothebestofone’sability竭尽全力Hecompletedthejobtothebestofhisability.

3.●abnormaladj.不正常的，畸形的，反常的Theythoughthisbehaviorwasabnormal.

反义词：

normal

4.◎aboardprep.adv.在船（飞机，火车）上，上船（飞机，轮船）

allthepeopleaboard机上的人

5.aboutprep关于，ad大约，到处

a）beabouttodosth…（when）Iwasabouttogooutwhenitbegantorain.

b）lookabout/around/roundc）How/Whatabout…询问情况或建议

6.aboveprep在…上面aboveall首先;尤其

7.abroadad.到（在）国外a）go/study/liveabroadb）athomeandabroad在国内外

8.●absencen.不在，缺席

absencefromwork/schoolThedecisionwasmadeinmyabsence.

intheabsenceof在缺少…条件下Thecasewasdismissedintheabsenceofproof.

9.◎absentadj.缺席的，不在的beabsentfromabsent-mindedadj.心不在焉的

10.◎absorbvt.1）吸收，吸进（液体，气体等）2）理解，掌握

absorbink/water/neat/light/oxygen/sound/energy

absorbinformation/knowledgebeabsorbedin专注于，聚精会神于…

11.●abusev/n.滥用，谩骂abusealcohol/drugs酗酒/嗜毒

abusepower/position/privilege滥用权力/职权/特权

12.acceptvt.

acceptthegift/invitation/planacceptsb/sthas…

13.●accessn.方法，通路，机会

Theonlyaccesstothefarmwasanarrowbridge.

Onlyhighofficialshaveaccesstotheemperor.

Westudentshaveaccesstotheschoollibrary.

accessibleadj.可进入的，可接近的，可使用的

Suchinformationisnoteasilyaccessibletothepublic.

14.accidentn.事故，意外的事

byaccident/chance偶然，无意中；不小心

15.●accompanyv.陪伴，伴随，伴奏accompanysb.totheschool/supermarket

accompanythesingeron/atthepianoLighteningusuallyaccompaniesthunder.

16.●accomplishv.完成，到达，实现accomplishmentn.成就，成绩

accomplishthetask/purpose/goal

17.accordingto根据Accordingtothelaw,heshouldbesentencedtodeath.

18.◎accusevt.指控，指责accusesbof（doing）sth控告…

19.●accustomedadj.习惯的，适应的，惯常的

be/get/becomeaccustomedtodoingHewassoonaccustomedtogettingupearly.

20.achevi./nheadache/toothacheMybackachessomuch.

21.achievevt达到；取得achievementn成就

achievesuccess/victory/one’sgoal;

22.◎achievementn.成就，业绩；完成（任务等）makegreatachievements

23.●acknowledgev.承认，致谢

Itisgenerallyacknowledgedthatglobalwarmingiscausedbygreenhousegases.

Yaomingisacknowledgedas/tobethebestplayerinChina.

Iacknowledgedfinancialsupportfromthelocalgovernment.

24.acrossprepcrossv.Iwalkedacrossthestreet.;crossastreet;come/runacross碰到

25.actn.法令，条例vt.表演，扮演，行动，做事

actas充当；扮演actout把…表演出来

26.actionn.行动takeactiontodosthputsthintoaction把…付诸实施

27.activeadj.积极的;主动的takeanactivepartin/beactivein积极参加

28.◎activityn.活动outdooractivities户外运动

29.actuala.实际的actuallyadv.in（actual）fact实际上

30●adaptvi.适应，适合，改编vt.使适应adapttochange/thecitylife

adaptoneselftothenewsurroundingsadaptthenovelforafilmadaptationn.适应

31.addvt添加，增加，补充说（that）

add（…）to添加addup把…加在一起addupto总计为;总数为

a）Hisillnessaddedtoourtrouble.b）Headdedthathewouldcomeagain.

c）Pleaseaddthesefiguresup.d）Thesenumbersaddupto100.

e）Headdedsomesalttothewater.

32.addressn.地址vt.写地址；向…讲话（尤指演讲）

addressthelettertosb.给某人寄信Theletterwaswronglyaddressed.

Thepresidentaddressedthepublic.

33.●adjustvt.调整，调节，适应adjustyourspeed/thevolume/thecamera

adjusttothedark/thesinglelifeadjustyourselftothestudentlifeadjustmentn.调整，调节

34.admirev钦佩.;羡慕

admiresbforsthIadmireJohnforhiscourage.

35.admitvt（admitted,admitted）

1）承认admitone’smistakes;admitdoing/havingdone

Headmittedhavingstolenthemoney.

2）准许（入场，入学，入会）admitsbto/into→sbbeadmittedto

HehasbeenadmittedtoBeijingUniversity.

36.●adoptv.收养，采用，采纳

adoptachildtheadoptedson/daughter

adoptanewpolicy/asuggestion/aplan/anattitude

37.advancevi推进，促进；前进adj.advanced先进的/高级的

inadvance预先，事先anadvancedworker

38.advantagen.优点，好处（可数名词）反：

disadvantage

takeadvantageof利用haveanadvantageover优于…tosb’sadvantage对（某人）有利

39.◎advertisevt.为…做广告

1）为…做广告advertiseaproduct/things

2）登广告征求/寻找…advertiseforanewsalesmanager

40.advicen/u.advisevt.忠告,劝告,建议take/follow/acceptone’sadvice接受某人的建议

asksbforadvice向某人寻求建议apieceofadvice一条建议

givesbsomeadviceonsth

advisesb（not）todo;advisedoing;advisethat…（should）+do

Ourteacheradvisedthatweshouldstudyhard.

41.●affectvt.影响,深深打动，使悲伤等

Smokingaffectshealth.PeopleweredeeplyaffectedbythedeathofJinZhengri.

42.affordvt.负担得起,抽得出（时间）;提供

can/could/beabletoaffordsth/todosthIcan’taffordabook/tobuythebook

43.afraida.害怕的；担心

beafraidtodo因为害怕不敢做…;beafraidofdoing害怕…

Shewasafraidtogooutaloneatnight.Shewasafraidofwakinghimup.

44.againstprep对着，反对,靠着，迎着，衬着

standagainstthewall（靠墙站着）goagainstnature;beagainststh反对

Theyarestronglyagainsttheplan.Thepinetreewereblackagainstthemorningsky.

45.agen.年龄；时代vi.变老forages多年;atanearlyage;attheageof…;

ofthesameage=ofanageAfterhiswife’sdeathheagedquickly.

46.agreevi.同意；应允

1）agreewith①agreewithsb/whatyousay/youropinion.

②表示一致;“（食物、天气、工作等）对…适宜”：

Theweatherdoesnotagreewithme.这种天气对我不适宜。

Averbmustagreewithitssubjectinpersonandnumber.

Whathedoesdoesnotagreewithwhathesays.他言行不一致。

2）agreetotheplan/thearrangement/thesuggestion.

3）agreeon/upon主要指双/多方通过协商而取得一致意见或达成协议：

Weagreedontheprice.我们就价格达成了一致意见。

Bothsidesagreedontheseterms.双方都同意这些条件。

4）agreetodosthHeagreedtogowithus.他同意同我们去。

5）reach/arriveat/cometoanagreement6）Ican’t/couldn’tagreemore.

47.aheadad.在前，向前aheadoftime提前goahead前进，干吧，说吧

48.◎aidn.援助；救护；辅助工具

firstaid急救inaidof支持

by（the）aidof借助于，通过…的帮助come/gotoone’said帮助某人

v.帮助，促进aid（sb/sth）in/with（doing）sth帮助某人做…

49.aimat

①瞄准,对准Heaimedthegunattheenemyofficer.

②（向某方面）努力She'saimingat（tryingtowin）ascholarship.

③针对某人Mywordswerenotaimedatyou.

50.◎alikeadj.相像，十分相似Wearealikeinmanyways.

adv.相似的，相同的Theytriedtotreattheirchildrenalike.

51.alivea.活着的，存在的catch…alive活捉keep…alivebealivewith=befullof

Thelakewasalivewithfish.Whoisthegreatestmanalive.（后置定语）

52.allowv准许，允许allowdoing/sbtodo

allowfor把考虑进去Haseverythingbeenallowedforinyourplan?

53.almostadv几乎，差不多

Almostnoone/nobodycametotheparty.Therewasalmostnosnowthatwinter.

54.aloneadj/adv单独的孤独的

1）形容词Sheisaloneathome.（她独自一人在家。

）

2）副词Iliketoworkalone.（我喜欢独自一人工作。

）

3）“只有，仅仅”，Theshoesalonecost$200.※let/leavesb/sthalone别打扰

letalone更不用说

★lonely

1）定语，“孤单的，无伴侣的，无人烟的，荒凉的，偏僻的”alonelyman/island.

2）表语，“孤寂的，寂寞的”feellonely※Helivesalonebuthedoesn’tfeellonely.

55.aloudad.大声地readaloud/thinkaloud

56.◎amazevt.使惊奇，惊叹；震惊

Whatamazesmeishowlongshemanagedtohideitfromus.

Itamazedmethathecouldbesocalmatsuchatime.

amazedadj.惊奇的，惊讶的amazingadj.令人惊奇的，惊叹的；震惊的

I’m___thatyouhaveneverheardoftheRollingStones.

It’s____howoftenyouseedriversusingmobilephones.

57.◎amountn.数额（尤指数量，大小等）alargeamountof+u/n

largeamountsof+u/nv.（数量，意义等）等同，相当于amountto

1）（数量上）达到，总计

Timelostthroughillnessamountsto1,357workingdays.因疾病而损失的时间总共为

2）等于，意味着

Ultimately,theirideasamounttothesamething.归根结底，他们想的都是一回事。

58.●amusevt.使快乐，逗乐amusesb.使…高兴Thefunnydrawingsamusedthekids.

beamusedby/at/with被…逗乐amuseoneself自娱自乐

Theboysamusedthemselvesbydrawing.amusementn.toone’samusement

59.◎amusementn.1）娱乐,乐趣toone’samusement让某人发笑

Theyweredancingandsinginginthecar,muchtotheamusementofpassers-by.

他们在车里跳舞，唱歌，让路人感到十分有趣。

2）娱乐活动，消遣活动amusementsamusevt.amusesb/oneself使开心，逗笑

amused/amusingadj.anamusedsmile/look/expression愉快的微笑/神情/表情

anamusingstory/film有趣的，好笑的，逗人发笑的故事/电影

60.angryadj生气的，愤怒的（angrily/angrier）

beangryat（about）因为…而生气beangrywithsb生某人的气

61.announcevt.宣布，宣告，公布

announceadecision/plan/intentionannouncesthtosbannouncethat

Attheendofthemeeting,itwasannouncedthatanagreementhadbeenreached.

makeanannouncement

62.◎announcementn.通告，通知

63.◎annoyvt.（使）烦恼beannoyedwithsb.for（at）sth.

Whatannoyedhimmostwasthathehadreceivednoapology.

annoyedadj.略感烦恼（生气）的annoyingadj.讨厌的，令人烦恼的

It’s_____thatwedidn’tknowaboutthisbefore.令人恼火的事，我们事先并不知道这一切

MrDavieswas____thatthebooksweremissing.戴维斯先生生气了，因为那些书不见了。

64.answern.theanswertothequestionv.answeraquestion/thedoor/thephone；

answerfor对…负责Youwillhavetoanswerforyourwrongdoingoneday.

65.◎anxietyn.忧虑，焦急，担心

anxiousadj.焦虑的，不安的；担心的beanxiousaboutsthforsb

渴望的，急切的beanxioustodosth

67.◎apologizen.道歉，歉意apologyn.

makeanapology/apologiestosbforsthapologisetosbforsth

68.●appealv.n.吸引，呼吁，恳求

Thedesignhasappealedtopeopleofallages.Iappealtoyoutoprotecttheenvironment.

have/holdappealforsb.对某人有吸引力loseone’sappeal失去吸引力

69.appear1）vi.出现，露面Themansuddenly______frombehindthetreescaredme.

2）系动词似乎，好像appear+（tobe）+n/adj似乎

Itappears（tosb）that/asifHeappearedtobehappyinthenews.

Itappearstomethathewillwin

Itappearsthatallthefileshavebeendeleted.档案好像都已经被删除了。

Policesaythereappeartobesignsofabreak-in.警方称似乎有破门而入的迹象。

70.◎appearancen.出现，露面；容貌judgebyappearances以貌取人

71.◎applicationn.申请makeanapplicationfor

72.applyv.申请applyfor申请；请求，接洽

applysthto…运用，应用applyoneselfto致力于，集中精力做某事

73.●appointvt.任命，委派，安排，确定

1）任