高考英语阅读完形填空选练3.docx
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高考英语阅读完形填空选练3.docx
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高考英语阅读完形填空选练3
2021年高考英语阅读、完形填空选练(3)
阅读理解。
“Childrenshouldnotbeleftunsupervised(无人监督的)toplaywithadog.”sayexpertsinthisweek’sBritishMedicalJournal.Theiradviceispartofareviewaimedatdoctorswhodealwithdogbites.
“Dogbitesandmaulingsareaworldwideproblem,particularlyinchildren.”writeMarinaMorganandJohnPalmer.Everyyear250,000peoplewhohavebeenbittenbydogsattendminorinjuriesandemergencyunitsintheUnitedKingdom,andhalfofallchildrenarereportedlybittenbydogsatsometime,boysmorethangirls.
Accuratedeathfiguresaredifficulttoobtain,butinthepastfiveyears,twotothreecasesayearhavemadenewsheadlines.
Basedonthelatestmedicalevidence,theyadvisedoctorshowtoexamineandtreatapatientpresentingwithadogbite.Theydiscusstheriskofinfectionandwhentorefertospecialistcare.Fortravelersbittenabroad,theysuggestassessingtheriskofrabies(狂犬病).
Intermsofprevention,theysuggestthatchildrenshouldbetaughttotreatdogswithrespect,avoiddirecteyecontact,andnotteasethem.Theyshouldbetaughtnottoapproachanunfamiliardog;playwithanydogunlessunderclosesupervision;runorscreaminthepresenceofadog;petadogwithoutfirstlettingitsniffyou;ordisturbadogthatiseating,sleeping,orcaringforpuppies.
“Dogownersalsoneedtochangetheirbehavior”,saysRachelBesser,achildren’sdoctorandlifetimedogowner,inanarticle.
“Itisclearthatnotalldogownersappreciatethatchildrenshouldnotbeleftunsupervisedwithadog”,shesays.Justassomeparentsareobligedtotakeparentingclasses,shewouldliketoseepulsiveclassesforexpectantdogownerstoteachthemabouttheresponsibilitiesofdogownership.Educationalprogramsarealsoneededtoteachchildrenaboutsomeprecautionarybehaviorsarounddogs.
Finally,shewouldliketoseevetsadvisingdogownersaboutbiteprevention,anddoctorspromotingbitepreventionwhentreatingpatientswhohavebeenbittenbydogs.
【文章大意】狗咬人,尤其是狗咬小孩的现象尤其需要引起关注,为此,需要采取一定的措施。
1.Dogbitingstudiedbytheexpertsisaproblem .
A.doctorsdealingwithdogbitesshouldpayattentionto
B.happeningonlytoafewchildrenoftheworld
C.onlyboysmaymeetwith
D.aboutwhichexpertsgetaccuratestatisticsfromthenewsheadlines
【解析】选A。
细节理解题。
根据第一段“Theiradviceispartofareviewaimedatdoctorswhodealwithdogbites.”可知,专家所研究的狗咬人的问题也应该是相关医生应给予重视的问题,故答案选A项。
2.Theunderlinedword“they”inParagraph4refersto“ ”.
A.doctorsB.parents
C.expertsD.dogowners
【解析】选C。
词义猜测题。
根据“Basedonthelatestmedicalevidence”再结合第一段专家的讲话可推断,他们是指研究狗咬人这一问题的专家们,故选C项。
3.WhatareRachelBesser’swordsmainlyabout?
A.Allthedogownerswouldlikechildrennottobeleftunsupervisedwithadog.
B.Allthedogownershaveacorrectbehaviortowarddogs.
C.Notalldogownersappreciatethatchildrenshouldbeleftwithdogsundersupervision.
D.Notalldogownersshouldattendclassesabouttheresponsibilitiesofdogownership.
【解析】选C。
细节理解题。
根据第七段“Itisclearthatnotalldogownersappreciatethatchildrenshouldnotbeleftunsupervisedwithadog”可知,雷切尔医生认为,并非所有的狗的主人都认为孩子们和狗在一起的时候要有大人的照看。
由此判断选C项。
4.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?
A.Dogs,DangerousToChildren
B.ChildrenShouldKnowBehaviorsAroundDogs
C.Doctors,TreatDogBitesCorrectly
D.NeverLeaveChildrenUnsupervisedWithDogs
【解析】选D。
主旨大意题。
狗咬人,尤其是狗咬小孩的现象比较严重,那么如何避免狗咬小孩呢?
这才是本文的写作重点,而只有D项更能说明此问题,故正确答案选D项。
阅读理解
Whatdoesitmeantosaythatweliveinaworldofpersuasion?
Itmeansthatweliveamongpetinginterests.Yourroommate’sneedtostudyforanexammaytakepriority(优先)overpizza.Yourinstructormayhavegoodreasonsnottochangeyourgrade.Andtheobjectofyourromantic/interestmayhaveotherchoices.
Insuchaworld,persuasionistheartofgettingotherstogivefairandfavorableconsiderationtoourpointsofview.Whenwepersuade,wewanttoinfluencehowothersbelieveandbehave.Wemaynotalwaysprevail—otherpointsofviewmaybemorepersuasive,dependingonthelistener,thesituation,andthemeritofthecase.Butwhenwepracticetheartofpersuasion,wetrytoensurethatourpositionreceivestheattentionitdeserves.
Somepeople,however,objecttotheveryideaofpersuasion.Theymayregarditasanunweleinterruptionintotheirlives.Justtheopposite,webelievethatpersuasionisunavoidable—toliveistopersuade.Persuasionmaybeethical(合乎道义的)orunethical,selflessorselfish,inspiringordegrading.Persuadersmayenlightenourmindorpreyonourvulnerability.Ethicalpersuasion,however,callsonsoundreasoningandissensitivetothefeelingsandneedsoflisteners.Suchpersuasioncanhelpusapplythewisdomofthepasttothedecisionswenowmustmake.Therefore,themostbasicpartofeducationislearningtoresisttheonekindofpersuasionandtoencourageandpracticetheother.
Beyonditspersonalimportancetous,persuasionisnecessarytosociety.TherighttopersuadeandbepersuadedisthebedrockoftheAmericanpoliticalsystem,guaranteedbytheFirstAmendmenttotheConstitution(美国宪法).
10.Accordingtothepassage,persuasionmeans________.
A.changingothers’pointsofview
B.exercisingpoweroverotherpeople
C.gettingotherpeopletoconsideryourpointofview
D.gettingpeopletoagreewithyouanddowhatyouwant
11.Theunderlinedwordinthesecondparagraph“prevail”means________.
A.winB.failC.speakD.listen
12.Thepassagestatesthatsomepeopleobjecttopersuasionbecausetheythinkitis________.
A.adangertosocietyB.difficulttodowell
C.unwelebehaviorD.neversuccessful
13.Thepassagemainlydiscusses________.
A.howpeoplepersuade
B.whypeoplepersuade
C.thatpersuasionisbothgoodandbad
D.thatpersuasionisimportantanditisallaroundus
【答案与解析】
10.C细节题。
将第二段中persuasionistheartofgettingotherstogivefairandfavorableconsiderationtoourpointsofview与各选项进行比较可知。
11.A词义题。
由破折号后面的句子otherpointsofviewmaybemorepersuasive可知,我们不一定占上风,故选A。
12.C细节题。
由第三段中第一二句Somepeople…intotheirlives可知。
13.D主旨题。
根据第一段对weliveinaworldofpersuasion的理解,第三段中webelievethatpersuasionisunavoidable-toliveistopersuade及最后一段中persuasionisnecessarytosociety与各选项进行比较可确定选D。
完形填空。
阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从各题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中,选出最佳答案。
Peoplethinkchildrenshouldplaysports.Sportsarefun,andplayingwithothers.However,playingsportscanhave__1effectsonchildren.Itmayproducefeelingsofpoorself-respectoraggressivebehaviorinsomechildren.Accordingtoresearchonkidsandsports,40,000,000kidsplaysportsintheUS.Ofthese,18,000,000saytheyhavebeen__2atorcallednameswhileplayingsports.Thisleavesmanychildrenwithabad__3ofsports.Theythinksportsarejusttooaggressive.
Manyresearchersbelieveadults,especiallyparentsandcoaches,arethemain_4oftoomuchaggressionillchildren'ssports.Theybelievechildren_5_aggressiveadultbehavior.Thisbehavioristhenfurtherstrengthenedthroughbothpositiveandnegativefeedback.Parentsandcoachesarepowerfulteachersbecausechildrenusuallylookuptothem.Oftentheseadultsbehaveaggressivelythemselves,sendingchildrenthemessagethat__6iseverything.Manyparentsgotochildren'ssportingeventsandshout_7_atotherplayersorcheerwhentheirchildbehaves_8__.Aswell,childrenarceventaughtthathurtingotherplayersis_9orarepushedtocontinueplayingevenwhentheyareinjured_10,themediamakesviolenceseemexciting.Childrenwatchadultsportsgamesandseeviolentbehaviorreplayedoverandoverontelevision.
Asasociety,wereallyneedto11thisproblemanddosomethingaboutit.Parentsandcoaches_12shouldactasbetterexamplesforchildren.Theyalsoneedtoteachchildrenbetter__13.Theyshouldnotjustcheerwhenchildrenwinoractaggressively.Theyshouldteachchildrento_14_,themselveswhethertheywinornot.Besides,childrenshouldnotbeallowedtocontinuetoplaywhentheyareinjured.Ifadultsallowchildrentoplaywheninjured,thisgivesthemessagethat__15isnotasimportantaswinning.
()1.A.restrictiveB.negativeC.activeD.instructive
()2.A.knockedB.glancedC.smiledD.shouted
()3.A.impressionB.conceptC.tasteD.expectation
()4.A.resourceB.causeC.courseD.consequence
()5.A.questionB.understandC.copyD.neglect
()6.A.winningB.practicingC.funD.sport
()7.A.praisesB.ordersC.remarksD.insults
()8.A.proudlyB.ambitiouslyC.aggressivelyD.bravely
()9.A.acceptableB.impoliteC.possibleD.accessible
()10.A.BycontrastB.InadditionC.AsaresultD.Afterall
()11.A.lookuptoB.faceuptoC.makeupforD.eupwith
()12.A.inparticularB.inallC.inreturnD.inadvance
()13.A.techniquesB.meansC.valuesD.directions
()14.A.respectB.relaxC.forgiveD.enjoy
()15.A.bodyB.fameC.healthD.spirit
【答案与解析】
主要内容是:
人们一般认为孩子要进行运动,因为运动是有趣的,而且可以使孩子保持身体健康。
然而,对孩子来说,进行体育运动也有消极的作用。
1.B.根据句中的however可知此处是表示了语意的转折,那么就要选择一个表示否定、消极的意义的词,所以选择negative。
restrictive是“受约束的,限制的”,active是“积极的”,instructive是“有教育意义的”,都不合题意。
2.D.此处的shoutat和后面的callnames构成并列关系,容易选出。
3.A.根据句意“这会给孩子留下不好的印象”,leaveimpression是“留下印象”的意思。
4.B.根据句意知“很多研究人员认为,成年人,尤其是父母和教练,是在孩子的运动出现很多攻击/侵略行为的起因”,导致某事发生的原因用cause,其他三项意思不合句意。
5.C.根据上下文可知,“他们认为孩子在模仿/复制成年人的行为”,故选择copy。
6.A.据上下文知道,大人们经常是有意无意地把这样的信息传达给孩子,那就是“在运动中取胜就是一切”,所以,选择winning。
7.D.在运动中对其他的选手,即对手当然是insults(辱骂/侮辱的言行)。
8.C.大人们常因为自己的孩子在运动中表现出进攻性、侵略性动作时就为之欢呼、加油。
9.A.同样,孩子们甚至被教导到伤害对手是可以被接受的,所以选择acceptable,impolite是“不礼貌的”,possible是“可能的”,accessible是“易接近的”,均不合题意。
10.B.这里是又说到了另外的一个方面,即media的作用,所以,此处要填inaddition。
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