GRE作文范文.docx
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GRE作文范文.docx
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GRE作文范文
1.
"Therearetwotypesoflaws:
justandunjust.Everyindividualinasocietyhasaresponsibilitytoobeyjustlawsand,evenmoreimportantly,todisobeyandresistunjustlaws."
Accordingtothisstatement,eachpersonhasadutytonotonlyobeyjustlawsbutalsodisobeyunjustones.Inmyviewthisstatementistooextreme,intworespects.First,itwronglycategorizesanylawaseitherjustorunjust;andsecondly,itrecommendsanineffectiveandpotentiallyharmfulmeansoflegalreform.
First,whetheralawisjustorunjustisrarelyastraightforwardissue.Thefairnessofanylawdependsonone'spersonalvaluesystem.Thisisespeciallytruewhenitcomestopersonalfreedoms.Consider,forexample,thecontroversialissueofabortion.Individualswithparticularreligiousbeliefstendtoviewlawsallowingmothersanabortionchoiceasunjust,whileindividualswithothervaluesystemsmightviewsuchlawsasjust.
Thefairnessofalawalsodependsonone'spersonalinterest,orstake,inthelegalissueathand.Afterall,inademocraticsocietythechieffunctionoflawsistostrikeabalanceamongcompetinginterests.Consider,forexample,alawthatregulatesthetoxiceffluentsacertainfactorycanemitintoanearbyriver.Suchlawsaredesignedchieflytoprotectpublichealth.Butcomplyingwiththeregulationmightbecostlyforthecompany;thefactorymightbeforcedtolayoffemployeesorshutdownaltogether,orincreasethepriceofitsproductstocompensateforthecostofcompliance.Atstakearetherespectiveinterestsofthecompany'sowners,employees,andcustomers,aswellastheopposinginterestsoftheregion'sresidentswhosehealthandsafetyareimpacted.Inshort,thefairnessofthelawissubjective,dependinglargelyonhowone'spersonalinterestsareaffectedbyit.
Thesecondfundamentalproblemwiththestatementisthatdisobeyingunjustlawsoftenhastheoppositeaffectofwhatwasintendedorhopedfor.Mostanyonewouldargue,forinstance,thatourfederalsystemofincometaxationisunfairinonerespectoranother.Yettheendresultofwidespreaddisobedience,inthiscasetaxevasion,istoperpetuatethesystem.Free-ridersonlycompelthegovernmenttomaintaintaxratesathighlevelsinordertoensureadequaterevenueforthevariousprogramsinitsbudget.
Yetanotherfundamentalproblemwiththestatementisthatbyjustifyingaviolationofonesortoflawwefindourselvesonaslipperyslopetowardsanctioningalltypesofillegalbehavior,includingegregiouscriminalconduct.Returningtotheabortionexamplementionedabove,apersonstronglyopposedtothefreedom-of-choicepositionmightmaintainthattheillegalblockingofaccesstoanabortionclinicamountstojustifiabledisobedience.However,itisaprecariouslyshortleapfromthissortofcivildisobediencetophysicalconfrontationswithclinicworkers,thentotheinflictionofpropertydamage,thentothebombingoftheclinicandpotentialmurder.
Insum,becausetheinherentfunctionofourlawsistobalancecompetinginterests,reasonablepeoplewithdifferentprioritieswillalwaysdisagreeaboutthefairnessofspecificlaws.Accordingly,radicalactionsuchasresistanceordisobedienceisrarelyjustifiedmerelybyone'ssubjectiveviewpointorpersonalinterests.Andinanyevent,disobedienceisneverjustifiablewhenthelegalrightsorsafetyofinnocentpeoplearejeopardizedasaresult.
2.
"Allnationsshouldhelpsupportthedevelopmentofaglobaluniversitydesignedtoengagestudentsintheprocessofsolvingtheworld'smostpersistentsocialproblems."
Iagreethatitwouldservetheinterestsofallnationstoestablishaglobaluniversityforthepurposeofsolvingtheworld'smostpersistentsocialproblems.Nevertheless,suchauniversityposescertainriskswhichallparticipatingnationsmustbecarefultominimize--orriskdefeatingtheuniversity'spurpose.
Onecompellingargumentinfavorofaglobaluniversityhastodowiththefactthatitsfacultyandstudentswouldbringdiverseculturalandeducationalperspectivestotheproblemstheyseektosolve.Itseemstomethatnationscanonlybenefitfromaglobaluniversitywherestudentslearnwaysinwhichothernationsaddresscertainsoda]problems-successfullyornot.Itmightbetemptingtothinkthatanoverlydiversifiedacademiccommunitywouldimpedecommunicationamongstudentsandfaculty.However,inmyviewanysuchconcernsareunwarranted,especiallyconsideringthegrowingawarenessofotherpeoplesandcultureswhichthemassmedia,andespeciallytheInternet,havecreated.Moreover,manybasicprinciplesusedtosolveenduringsocialproblemsknownonationalboundaries;thusausefulinsightordiscoverycancomefromaresearcherorstudentfromanynation.
Anothercompellingargumentforaglobaluniversityinvolves
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