生理学英文分章题库.docx
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生理学英文分章题库.docx
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生理学英文分章题库
英文题第六章〔06.3.17〕
Ⅰ.choisequestion
1.Whichofthefollowingdescriptionsaboutthegeneralcharacteristicsofsmoothmuscleofalimentarytractiswrong?
E
A.Itsexcitabilityofthesmoothmuscleofthegutislow.
B.Ithasautorhythmicity.
C.Ithastoniccontraction.
D.Ithashighextensibility.
E.Itisnotsensitivetostretch,chemical,cold,andwarmstimulation.
2.Whichofthefollowingdescriptionsaboutthetoniccontractionofsmoothmuscleofalimentarytractiswrong?
E
A.Itisacommonmovementtypeofstomachandsmallintestine.
B.Tokeepsthestomachandtheintestineintheirnormalshapeandlocation.
C.Tomaintainsagivenpressureinalimentarytractlumen
D.Toprovidesanadequatebackgroundforotherformsofmovement
E.Whentoniccontractionbecomeweak,theabsorptionofgastrointestinaltractincreases.
3.TherhythmofthespontaneouscontractionofgastrointestinalsmoothmuscleisdeterminedmainlybyA
A.therhythmoftheslowwave.
B.theleveloftherestingmembranepotential.
C.thefrequencyoftheactionpotential.
D.theamplitudeoftheactionpotential.
E.thelevelofactivityofthesympatheticnerve.
4.Whichofthefollowingdescriptionsabouttheslowwaveofsmoothmuscleofalimentarytractiswrong?
E
A.Itisthespontaneousdepolarizationandrepolarrization
B.ItoriginateintheCajalcell.
C.Afterthenervesinnervatingthegutarecut,theslowwavestillpersist.
D.Itmaybethepacemakerpotentialforsmoothmuscle.
E.Itcausedirectlythesmoothmuscletocontrat.
5.FunctionalbaseoftheautorhythmicityofthesmoothmuscleofgastrointestinaltractisC
A.Theactionpotential.
B.Therestingmembranepotential
C.Thebasicelectricalrhythm(BER).
D.Thetoniccontraction.
E.thesmoothmusclespontaneouscontraction.
6.ThecauseinitiatingslowwaveisA
A.AslowundulationoftheactivityoftheNa+-K+pump.
B.Aspontaneousdepolarizationandrepolarizationofcellmembrane
C.Na+-Ca2+exchange.
D.Ikprogressivelyattenuatedecrement
E.Ca2+inflow
7.IonicbaseoftherisingphaseofactionpotentialinsmoothmuscleofgastrointestinaltractisA
A.inflowofCa2+andsmallamountof
B.Na+inflow
C.Ca2+inflow
B.K+outflow
D.Cl-outflow
E.Cl-inflow
8.Whichofthefollowingdescriptionsabouttheinnervationofdigestiveorgansiscorrect?
C
A.Postganglionicfiberterminalsofsympatheticnervereleaseacetylcholine(Ach)
B.AllpostganglionicfiberterminalsofparasympatheticnervereleaseAch
C.Aftertheexternalinnervationofthegutarecut,theshortreflexesmaybecompleted.
D.Activityofsympatheticnerveincreasesthemovementofgastrointestinaltract.
E.Activityofparasympatheticnerveinhibitsthesecretionofdigestiveglands.
9.Whichofthefollowingdescriptionsaboutentericnervoussystemiswrong?
E
A.Thenumberofneuronsinthisintrinsicnervoussystemisalmostequaltothenumberinspinalcord.
B.Itcontainssensoryneurons,motorneuronsandintermediateneurons.
C.Itcancompleteashortreflexwithouttheexternalinnervation.
D.Itregulatesthemovementandglandssecretionofgastrointestinaltract.
E.Itisnotaffectedbytheexternalinnervation.
10.WhichofthefollowingisnotthefunctionofHCl?
E
A.Toactivatethepepsinogen
B.Tokillbacteria
C.Tostimulatetheuppersmallintestinalmucosatoreleasesecretin
D.Topromoteabsorptionoftheferrumandcalciumintheuppersmallintestinal.
E.TopromotesvitaminB12tobeabsorbed
11.Whichofthefollowingdescriptionsaboutthesecretionofthegastricacidiswrong?
E
A.Itissecretedbytheparietalcells.
B.TheintracellularH+istransportedbyprotonpumpintothecanaliculuslumen.
C.Theomeprazole(奥美拉唑)inhibitsstronglythesecretionofgastricacid.
D.WhenoneH+issecreted,oneHCO3-entersblood.
E.HClingastriclumendonotaffectthegastricsecretion.
12.ThelocationwherethevitaminB12tobeabsorbedisC
A.Stomach
B.Duodenum
C.Terminalileum
D.Jejunum
E.Largeintestine
13.ThesubstancethatactivatesthepepsinogenintopepsinisB
A.Enterokinase
B.HClandpepsin
C.Histamine
D.Trypsin
E.Chymotryosin
14.WhichofthefollowingisnotthefunctionofgastrinD
A.TopromotetheparietalcelltosecreteHCl
B.Topromotethepancreaticacinitosecretedigestiveenzyme
C.Topromotethelivertosecretethebile
D.Topromotetheabsorptionoffatacid
E.Tohavethetrophicactiontogastrointestinalmucosa
15.WhichofthefollowinginhibitstheGcellsfromreleasinggastrinB
A.Theintragastricfoodstretchesgastricwall.
B.ThepHinthegastricantrumisbelow1.5
C.Theintragastriocpeptonesandtheproteosesandpeptidesincrease
D.Theactivityofvagusnerveincreases
E.Theshortreflexcausedbystretchoffoodtothewallofgastricantrum
16.ThetransportmannerbywhichtheparietalcellssecreteH+isA
A.Primaryactivetransport
B.Secondactivetransport
C.Facilitateddiffusion
D.Simplediffusion
E.Exocytosis
17.AfterblockingtheMreceptorsbytheatropine,thechangeofthegastrointestinaltractis
A.Thesecretionofdigestiveglandsincreases.E
B.Theslowwaveslose
C.Thetoniccontractionloses
D.Theperistalsisloses
E.Thetoniccontractionandperistalsisweaken
18.WhichoffollowingsubstancesdonotincreasethegastricsecretionE
A.Gastrin
B.Histamine
C.acetylcholine
D.Activityofvagusnerve
E.Somatostatin
19.WhichoffollowingsubstancedonotinhibitgastricsecretionE
A.Somatostatin
B.Secretin
C.Prostaglandins
D.H2receptorantagonist,
E.Proteinfoods
20.Whichofthefollowingdescriptionsaboutthecephalicphaseofgastricsecretioniswrong?
A
A.Itispurenervousregulation.
B.Itinvolvesconditionedreflexandunconditionedreflex.
C.Mreceptorsantagonistsdecreasegastricsecretioninthisphase.
D.Itcaneliminatedbycuttingbilateralvagusnerves
E.Thesecretionhashighacidity,containsacopiousamountofpepsin.
21.Whichofthefollowingdescriptionsaboutthegastricphaseofgastricsecretioniswrong?
A.Itisinitiatedmainlybythedistentionoffoodongastricwall.
B.Itinvolvesthevagus-vaguslongreflex
C.ItItinvolvestheshortreflexofentericnervoussystem.
D.Itdonotinvolvesthereleaseandfunctionofthegastrin
E.Thesecretionhasalowacidity,butitspepsincontentishigherthanthatinthecephalicphase
22.OneofmechanismbywhichHClinhibitisC
A.IntragastricHClpromotesGcellstoreleasegastrin.
B.IntragastricHClinhibitsDcellsfromreleasingsomatostatin.
C.IntraintestinalHClcausesScellssecretescretin
D.IntraintestinalHClinhibitsduodenalmucosafromsecretingbulbogastrone.
E.HClinhibitsdirectlytheparietalcells.
23.MovementtypepeculiartostomachisB
A.Toniccontraction
B.Receptiverelaxation
C.Migratingmotorcomplex
D.Peristalsis
E.Massmovement
24.Aftercuttingthebilateralvagusnerves,thegastricreceptiverelaxationwillA
A.Lose
B.Weaken
C.Strengthen
D.Nochange
E.Weakenorstrengthen
25.WhichofthefollowingdescriptionsaboutthegastricperistalsisiswrongE
A.Itisacooperatingmovementofthelongitudinalmuscleandcircularmuscle
B.Itisoneofthemotivityofgastricempting
C.Itbegininthemidportionofthebodyofthestomach.
D.Itisabout3timesperminute.
E.Itdoesnotpartakeinmixing,andgrindingthestomachcontents.
26.WhichofthefollowingdescriptionsaboutthemigratingmotorcomplexiswrongA
A.Itismovementtypepeculiartosmallintestine.
B.Itoccursonfastingperiod
C.Itpropagatesfromthestomachtotheterminalileum
D.Inhumans,theMMCrepeatsevery75to90minutes
E.Itinhibitsthemigrationofcolonicbacteriaintothesmallterminalileum
27.WhichofthefollowinginhibitsthegastricemptingD
A.Thelongvagus-vagusreflex
B.Thelocallyshortreflex
C.Acetylcholine
D.Theenterogastricreflex
E.Histamine
28.WhichofthefollowingpromotesthegastricemptingA
A.Theincreasedintragastricfoodvolume
B.ThestimulationofHCltotheduodenalmucosa
C.Theincreasedfattycontentofthechymeinduodenum
D.Theincreasedosmoticpressureofthechymeinduodenum
E.Secretinandgastricinhibitorypeptide
29.WhichofthefollowingdescriptionsaboutthegastricemptingiswrongE
A.Fiveminutesafterthefoodentersstomach,thestomachbeginstoempty.
B.Itsdirectdrivingforceisthepressuredifferencebetweenthestomachandtheduodenum.
C.Itsmotivityistheperistalsisandgastrictoniccontraction
D.Thegastricemptyingrateoffatisthelowest.thatofsaccharideisthefastest,
E.Acetylcholineinhibitsgastricempting
30.ThemostimportantdigestivejuiceinhumanisB
A.Gastricjuice
B.Pancreaticjuice
C.Bile
D.Smallintestinaljuice
E.Largeintestinaljuice
31.ThemostpotentstimulusforsecretinreleasefromScellsinuppersmallintestinalmucosaA
A.HCl
B.Proteindigestiveproducts
C.Fattyacid
D.Saccharides
E.Efferentimpulsesofvagusnerve
32.ThemostpotentstimulusforCCKreleasefromDcellsinuppersmallintestinalmucosaB
A.HCl
B.Proteindigestiveproducts
C.Saccharides
D.Saccharides
E.Efferentimpulsesofvagusnerve
33.FactorcausingthepancreastosecretealargeamountofbicarbonateandwaterisA
A.Secretin
B.Gastrin
C.Acetylcholine
D.CCK
E.Histamine
34.ThemostimportantfactorresultinginsecretionofpancreaticenzymesisB
A.Somatostatin
B.CCK
C.Secretin
D.Gastrin
E.Activityofvagusnerves
35.TypeofmovementpeculiartothesmallintestineisE
A.Toniccontraction
B.
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