中考英语专项练习史地常识类阅读.docx
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中考英语专项练习史地常识类阅读.docx
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中考英语专项练习史地常识类阅读
史地常识类阅读
一.阅读理解(共15小题)
1.MonaIslandisanamazingplacetotakeavacation.Someoftheanimalslivingtherecan'tbefoundanywhereelseintheworld.Therearebeautifulbeachesandcavestoexplore.Theseaaroundtheislandhascolorfulfishes.
WhyIsMonaIslandUnusual?
MonaIslandisverysmall.ThegovernmentofPuertoRicotakescareoftheislandandhasmadeitanaturalreserve.Thatmeanstheisland'sanimalsandplantsareprotectedfrombeingharmedbypeople.MonaIslandisdifferentfrommostplacesbecausepeoplearenotallowedtolivethere.Onlyafewparkrangersareabletostay.
Theparkrangers'jobistokeepMonaIslandsafeandbeautiful.Theyinsistthatrulesbefollowed.Oneruleisthatonly100peopleatatimecanvisittheisland.Thatway,theparkrangerscanmakesurethelandandanimalsremainsafe.
WhatIsTheretoSeeonMonaIsland?
OnethingthatmostpeopleenjoyisgettingtoseetheMonaIslandiguana.Thistypeofreptile(爬行动物)livesonlyonMonaIsland.Almost2,000oftheseiguanasliveonMonaIsland.
Peoplealsocometotheislandtogetaclose﹣upviewofmanykindsoffishandothersealife.Theycanswimfarbelowthesurface.Theyusespecialequipmenttobeabletobreatheunderwater.Thewaterisalmosttransparent.Throughtheclearwater,diverscanseethebrightcolorsofthefish.
Visitorscanalsoexplorecaves.Someofthecavesevenhavepaintingsanddrawingsonthewalls.ThisartworkwasmadebytheArawakandTaínoIndianswholivedontheislandhundredsofyearsago.
Afterafulldayoffunactivities,visitorscansettlein,listentothenightsounds,andviewthestarsinthehugesky.Becausetheislandisfarawayfromotherplaces,itissurroundedbydarkness,andthestarsareeasiertosee.Visitorssaythatwatchingthestarsisamazing.It'stheperfectendtoaperfectday.
(1)WhatdoparkrangersonMonaIslanddo?
A.Protectthelandandanimals.
B.Offersomehelptovisitors.
C.FeedanimalsonMonaIsland.
D.DriveaboatbetweenPuertoRicoandMonaIsland.
(2)What'stheChinesemeaningoftheunderlinedword"transparent"?
A.清澈的
B.一望无际的
C.浑浊的
D.湛蓝的
(3)WhyarestarseasiertoseeonMonaIsland?
A.BecauseMonaIslandisverysmall.
B.BecausewatchingthestarsonMonaIslandisamazing.
C.BecausevisitorscansettleinafterafulldayonMonaIsland.
D.BecauseMonaIslandisfarfromotherplacesanddarknessisallaroundit.
(4) liveonlyonMonaIsland.
A.Iguanas
B.Fish
C.TheArawak
D.TaínoIndians
(5)Whatisthemostpossiblereasonthewriterwrotethisarticle?
A.Toexplainwhyanimalsliveontheisland.
B.Toshowreaderswheretheislandislocated.
C.Totellaboutaplacethatsomepeoplemightenjoy.
D.Togivefactsaboutpeoplewhoworkontheisland.
2.
Indonesia
ThiskindofbreadisservedlikeausualWesternbread.Wecutitintopiecesandthenspreaditoveracupoficecream.Rotigoreng(friedbread)canbeeasilyfoundinourcountry.Asasnack,rotigorengisservedwithfinesugaronit.
Singapore
Thetraditionalbreadisthewhitebread.Itisbakedfreshlyandsliced(切片)byhand.Welikeitalot,becauseitisgreatformakingtoast.Alsowecaneatwithicecream,whichisknownasIceCreamSandwich.
Iran
ThesearethemostcommontypesofbreadinIran.Barbari:
itisgreatwhenitishotandfresh.Sangak:
thisoneisnotbakedinanoven,butonlittlepiecesofstone.
Mexico
Wedividebreadintotwokinds:
sweetbreadandsaltybread.Usually,weeatthebreadduringlunch,orweusethebreadtomake"tortas"or"lonches"(Mexicansandwiches).
(1)WecanhaveIceCreamSandwichin .
A.Indonesia
B.Singapore
C.Iran
D.Mexico
(2)Whichkindofbreadisbakedonthestone?
A.Rotigoreng.
B.Barbari.
C.Sangak.
D.Tortas.
(3)Howmanykindsofbreadaretalkedaboutinthearticle?
A.Three.
B.Four.
C.Five.
D.Six.
3.Theyearof2018marksthe40thanniversaryofChina'sreformandopening﹣up(改革开放40周年).Duringthe40years,Shenzhenhasdevelopedfromasmallfishingvillagetoamoderncity.SHENZHENLightShowwasheldtocelebratethe40thanniversaryofChina'sreformandopening﹣up.Ithasbeenagreatsuccessandattractedmillionsofviewersduringthetwomonths,sourcesfromShenzhenUrbanAdministration
Everynight,hundredsofthousandsofpeoplegatheredintheShenzhenCivicSquare(市民中心)andatthetopofLianhuaHilltoenjoythelightshowthatdescribedShenzhen'sdevelopmentoverthepastyearswithchangingpatternsmadeby1.18millionsetsoflightsfixedon43buildingsintheFutianCBD.
ThelightshowswerescheduledforeverydayfromSeptember28thtoDecember31st.TherewerethreeperformancesonFridaysandSaturdaysat7:
30pm,8:
30pmand9:
30pm,andtwoperformancesat8pmand9pmfromSundaytoThursday.Eachshowbeganwithacountdownandcheersofthecrowds,andthenappearedwithdifferentcolourfuldisplaysontallbuildingslikePing.AnbuildingtoshowShenzhen'sbeauty.
Theshowcontainsfourparts,describingShenzhenasacitybythemountainsandthesea,awindowintoreform,acityofinnovationandalandofharmony.Thebestpartoftheshowwaswhentwokindsoflightwerejoinedtogethertoformapicture,markingthefirsttimeinthecountrythatsuchashowhadbeenpresented.Attheendoftheperformance,itshowedthecity'shospitality,opennessandinclusivitybydisplayingwordsreading"ShenzhenWelcomesyou''
(1)WhydidShenzhenholdthelightshow .
A.Toattractmorevisitorstothecity
B.Tocelebrateour69thNationalDay
C.TocelebratethesuccessofChina'sreformandopening﹣up
D.Toshowtheachievementandbeautyofthewonderfulcity
(2)Whichofthefollowingwasthebestplacetoenjoythelightshow?
A.TheShenzhenCitySquare
B.ThetopofLianhuaHill
C.BesideShenzhenBayPark
D.ThebuildingsinFutian
(3)Whatcanyoureadfromthelightshow?
A.Thecrowds'countdownandcheersareexciting
B.Shenzhenisalivelyandpleasantcityfullofchances.
C.Thechangingpatternsoflightarequiteshiny.
D.Shenzhenwelcomesyouifyoulikethelightshow
(4)Whatisthebesttitleofthisnews?
A.LightinguptheSky
B.Shenzhen﹣AWonderfulCity
C.LightingCelebration
D.SuccessofReformandOpeningup
4.Todayanyonewillacceptmoneyinexchangeforgoodsandservices.Peopleusemoneytobuyfood,clothes,books,bicyclesandhundredsofotherthingstheyneedorwant.Whentheywork,theyusuallygetpaidinmoney.
Mostofthemoneytodayismadeofmetal(金属)orpaper.Butpeopleusedtouseallkindsofthingsasmoney.Oneofthefirstkindsofmoneywasshells(贝壳).Shellswerenottheonlythingsusedasmoney.InChina,clothandkniveswereused.InthePhillipineIslands,ricewasusedasmoneyforalongtime.Elephanttusks,monkeytailsandsaltwereusedasmoneyinpartsofAfrica.
ThefirstmetalcoinsweremadeinChina.Theywereroundandhadasquareholeinthecenter.Peoplestrungthemtogetherandcarriedthemfromplacetoplace.Differentcountrieshaveuseddifferentmetalsanddesignsfortheirmoney.Forexample,thefirstcoinsinEnglandweremadeoftin(锡)andthefrontofthecoinwastheheadofthequeen.SwedenandRussiausedcopper(铜)tomaketheirmoney.Latersomecountriesbegantomakecoinsofgoldandsilver.
Butevengoldandsilverwereinconvenientifyouhadtobuysomethingexpensive.AgaintheChinesethoughtofawaytoimprovemoney.Theybegantousepapermoney.Thefirstpapermoneylookedmorelikeanotefromonepersontoanotherthanthepapermoneyusedtoday.
Moneyhashadaninterestinghistoryfromthedaysofshellmoneyuntiltoday.
根据短文内容,选择最佳答案
(1)Mostofthemoneytodayismadeof .
A.shellsorpaper
B.metalorpaper
C.tailsormetal
D.shellsortails
(2)InPhillipineIslands, wasusedasmoneyforalongtime.
A.tails
B.salt
C.knives
D.rice
(3)Thefirstmetalcoinsweremade .
A.inChina
B.inEngland
C.inSweden
D.inRussia
(4)TheChinesemeaningoftheword"designs"inPart3is .
A.设计
B.材料
C.物品
D.报酬
(5)Thefirstpapermoney .
A.wasfirstusedinEurope.
B.waspassedfromAsiatoChina.
C.lookedlikeanoteusedtoday
D.lookedlikeastampusedtoday
5.Humanbeingshaveusedtoolsforaverylongtime.Insomepartsoftheworldyoucanstilldiscovertoolsthatpeopleusedmorethantwomillionyearsago.Theymadethesetoolsbyhittingonestoneagainstanother.Inthisway,theycutoffpiecesfromoneofthestones.Thesechipsofstonewereusuallysharpononeside.Peopleusedthemforcuttingmeatandskinfromdeadanimals,andalsoformakingothertoolsoutofwood.Humanbeingsneededtousetoolsbecausetheydidnothavesharpteethlikeothermeat﹣eatinganimals,suchaslionsandtigers.Toolshelpedpeopletogetfoodmoreeasily.
Workingwithtoolsalsohelpedtodevelophumanintelligence.Thehumanbraingrewbigger,andhumanbeingsbegantoinventmoreandmoretoolsandmachines.Thestonechipwasoneofthefirsttoolsthatpeopleused,andperhapsitisthemostimportant.Somescientistssaythatitwasthekeytosuccessofmankind.
Since1960,anewkindoftoolhasappeared.Thisisthesilicon(硅)chip﹣alittlechipofsiliconcrystal.Itissmallerthanafingernail,butitcanstoremorethanamillion"bits"ofinformation.Itisanelectronicbrain.Everyyearthesechipsgetcleverer,buttheirsizegetssmaller,andtheircostgetsless.Theyareusedinwatches,calculatorsandintelligentmachinesthatwecanuseinmanyways.Inthefuturewewillnotneedtoworkwithtoolsintheoldway.Machineswilldoeverythingforus.Theywilleventalkandplaygameswithus.
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