全新版大学英语单词详解book2unit2.docx
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全新版大学英语单词详解book2unit2.docx
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全新版大学英语单词详解book2unit2
Unit2Values
TextAALifeFullofRiches
1.(L.2)confront:
vt.
1)(ofaproblem,difficulty,etc.)face(sb.)threateningly
*Thedifficultiesthatconfrontusseeminsuperable.
*Amajordifficultythatconfrontsinternationalstudentsishowbesttojudgethequalityofaprograminaforeignuniversity.
2)(ofaperson)faceanddealwith(aproblem,difficulty,etc.)
军人必须面对危险和死亡。
(=Asoldierhastoconfrontdangeranddeath.)
*Astronautshavetoconfronttheunknown.
beconfrontedwith:
bebroughtfacetoface
(=Theprisonerwasconfrontedwithhisaccusers.)
*conclusionsthatcanbeconfrontedwithexperience
2.(L.3)donation:
n.moneyorgoodsgivenforagoodcause
*Thehospitalreceivesagooddealofmoneyindonations.
他们对慈善事业慷慨捐助。
(=Theymadeagenerousdonationtocharity.)
Collocation:
ablooddonation献血
make/giveadonation捐赠
promiseadonation允诺捐助
3.(L.5)confusion:
n.astateofuncertaintyaboutwhatsth.means,etc.
*Theenemyretreatedingreatconfusion.
他们的突然到来打乱了我们的计划。
(=Theirunexpectedarrivalthrewourplanintoconfusion.)
Collocation:
coveredwithconfusion非常慌张
inconfusion乱七八糟,处于混乱状态
throwintoconfusion使狼狈,使慌乱
.:
该词的动词为confuse,confusing意思是“令人困惑、迷惑的”,confused意思是“糊涂的、混杂的”。
4.(L.5)curiosity:
n.astrongdesiretoknowaboutsth.
*Justtosatisfymycuriosity,howmuchdidyoupayforyourcar
(=Weburnedwithcuriosityoverwhatwasinthebox.)
Collocation:
from/outofcuriosity在好奇心驱使下
inopencuriosity公然出头过问与自己无关的事
Curiositykilledacat.好奇伤身。
5.(L.7)stammer:
v.speakwithatendencytorepeatrapidlythesamesoundorsyllable
*It’scrueltomakefunofpeoplewhostammer.
他结结巴巴地道了谢。
(=Hestammeredhisthanks.)
6.(L.10)deny:
vt.
1)saythatsth.isnottrue
*ThereisnodenyingthefactthatJapanbegantoinvadeChinaasearlyastheearly1930’s.
2)refusetoadmitoraccept
(=Hedeniedknowinganythingabouttheirplans.)
7.(L.10)fillout:
addinformationsuchasyournameandaddressin(aformordocument)
*Ittookmequiteawhiletofilloutthequestionnaire.
请把附表填好。
(=Pleasefillouttheattachedblank.)
8.(L.11)fallinto:
belongto(aparticulargroupofthingsthathavesimilarqualities)
理事会成员们意见相左,分成自由和保守两个阵营
(=Thecouncilmembersdisagreed,fallingintoliberalandconservativecamps.)
*Allwhalesfallintotwogroups,thosewithteethandthosewithout.
9.(L.13)nothingmorethan:
only,just
(=Happinessisnothingmorethangoodhealthandabadmemory.)
这只不过是个杜撰的故事而已。
(=Itisnothingmorethanamade-upstory.)
10.(L.19)attain:
vt.succeedinachieving,esp.afteralotofeffort
我决心不惜任何代价达到目的。
(=I’mdeterminedtoattainmypurposeatanycost.)
*Sheattainedherambitionofbecomingapilot.
Collocation:
attainone’sgoal达到目的
attaintheageof有…岁了
attainthetopofamoutain到达山顶
CF:
get,gain,obtain&attain
这四个词都是动词,都有“得到”、“获得”之意。
get是最普通的用语,可指通过任何方式的获得,多用于口语中。
例如:
*Shegotthehighestscoreinfancyropejumping.她在花样跳绳中得分最高。
gain多指在竞争中获得,所得的东西往往是有用的或是所期待的。
例如:
*Ihopeyouwillgainthevictorythistime.我希望你这次获得胜利。
obtain是书面语,指靠他人或自己努力而得到,强调结果或目的。
例如:
*Bythismethod,weobtainedagoodresult.我们用这种方法获得了好结果。
attain强调达到完美的地步。
例如:
*Suchaconditionisverydifficulttoattain.这样的情况是很难达到的。
11.(L.16)minimal:
adj.verysmallinsizeoramount;assmallaspossible
暴风雨只造成极轻微的损失。
(=Thestormdidonlyminimaldamage.)
*TheFordCEOofferedtoworkforaminimalsalaryofonedollarayear.
.:
该词的动词为minimize。
反义词为maximal。
12.(L.21)cherish:
vt.love(sth./sb.)verymuchandprotectthem
(=RidinghorseswithmymotherwhenIwasakidhasbecomeacherishedmemory.)
*Shecherishedthechildasthoughhewereherown.
Collocation:
cherishfonddreamsof做…的美梦
cherisheddesire夙愿
cherishadeeplovefor热爱…
13.(L.21)fabricate:
vt.makeup(astory,apieceofinformation,etc.)inordertodeceivepeople
*Haveyoueverliedalittle,orfabricatedastoryaboutyourself,toimpresssomeoneyoumeetthefirsttime
她缺席的借口显然是瞎编的。
(=Theexcuseforherabsencewasobviouslyfabricated.)
14.(L.22)tickle:
v.
1)amuseandinterest
*Thecomediantickledthecrowdwithhisjokes.
*IttickledhertothinkthatherbosswoulddressupasaclownattheNewYearparty.
2)moveone’sfingersonasensitivepartofanother’sbodyinawaythatmakesthemlaugh
*Shetickledtheboy'sfeetandmadehimlaugh.
婴儿喜欢轻轻呵痒和紧紧拥抱。
(=Babiesliketobetickledandhugged.)
15.(L.25)vital:
adj.veryimportant,necessary,oressential
(=Thispointisvitaltomyargument.)
*Theleader’svitalandcheerfulmannerfilledhismenwithcourage.
Pattern:
bevitalto…对…极为重要
16.(L.25)welloff:
rich,orhavingenoughmoneytolivewell
*TheCommunistPartyofChinawillleadtheChinesepeopleinbuildingawell-offsociety.
如果他年轻时多努力一点,现在就能过得舒服些。
(=Ifhehadworkedharderwhenyoung,hewouldbewelloffnow.)
17.(L.26)emotional:
adj.connectedwithpeople’sfeelings
(=Hisemotionallanguagereducedmanyoftheaudiencetotears.)
*Naturehasprogrammedusallwithbothphysicalandemotionalneeds.
18.(L.26)pursuit:
n.theactoflookingforortryingtofind
我们为追求幸福生活而努力工作。
(=Weworkhardinpursuitofhappylife.)
*Heexerciseseverydayinpursuitofhealth.
Collocation:
dailypursuits日常事务
educationalpursuit教育事业
pursuitofprofit追逐利润
inone’spursuitofhappiness追求幸福
19.(L.26)outofplace:
feelinguncomfortableornotsuitableinaparticularsituation
*Yourjokesareoutofplaceonsuchasolemnoccasion.
在正式的舞会上,我感到局促不安,很不自在。
(=AttheformalpartyIfeltveryawkwardandoutofplace.)
20.(L.34)incontrastto:
whenacontrastismadeto
*Incontrasttohersister,sheisverytall.
(=Incontrasttohisbrother,heisalwaysconsiderateofothers.)
21.(L.35)consequence:
n.aresultofsth.thathashappened
*Jimmyexperiencedsevereheadacheasaconsequenceofheavydrinkingthenightbefore.
这样一种错误可能导致灾难性的后果。
(=Suchamistakewouldperhapsleadtodisastrousconsequences.)
Collocation:
asaconsequence因而,结果
inconsequence因此,结果
inconsequenceof…的结果,因为…的缘故,由于
ofconsequence有势力的,重要的
taketheconsequences自食其果,承担责任
CF:
effect,result&consequence
这三个词都是名词,都有“结果”之意。
effect表示由某种原因直接产生的某一结果或状况。
result表示某一事件的发生或某一行为所造成的结果,有“最终的结果”之意。
consequence表示由于逻辑推断得出的结果,或由于某种原因、一些必要的条件而造成的结果。
(Directions:
)Fillintheblankswiththewordsabove.Changetheformwherenecessary.
1.Thedilemmasthatparentsfindthemselvesintodayisa_______ofchangesinsociety.(=consequence)
2.Itriedtopersuadehim,butwithlittleorno______.(=effect)
3.Oneofthe______ofthisillnessisthatyouloseyourhair.(=effects)
4.Itrepresentsthe______oftenyears’labor.(=result)
5.Thehighlevelofunemploymenthasproducedharmfulsocial______.(=consequences)
22.(L.36)commercial:
1.n.anadvertisementonTVorradio
*TVcommercialstodayaremoreimaginativethantheywere20yearsago.
2.adj.relatingtobusiness
*Heleftthecommercialworldtobecomeagovernmentofficial.
商业函件
(=commercialcorrespondence)
23.(L.39)focus:
v.concentrate(one’sattention,etc.)on(sth.);concentrate(onsth.)
(=Youshouldfocusyourattentiononyourwork.)
*Theonlywaytoattainyourgoalsistostayfocusedandworkhard.
24.(L.41)affluent:
adj.richenoughtobuythingsforpleasure
自然资源丰富的土地
(=landaffluentinnaturalresources)
*Inanaffluentsocietypeoplecanaffordtostrikeabalancebetweenworkandlife.
CF:
rich,wealthy&affluent
这三个词都是形容词,都有“丰富”、“富有”之意。
rich意为“有钱的”、“富有的”,其程度超过正常需要的,语气强烈;形容人时,指拥有大量金钱、财产,其引申义为“富于…”。
例如:
*Therichgetricherwhilethepoorgetpoorer.富人更富,穷人更穷。
wealthy指人、家庭或国家富有、安康、富裕;语气较缓,程度可大可小。
尤指拥有大量财产、财富。
例如:
*Somewealthypeoplearelikelytobephilanthropists.有些富人往往是慈善家。
affluent意为“富裕的”、“富足的”,尤指家庭和社会,在这一点上相当于wealthy,是较正式用语。
例如:
*It’sourdutytobuildanaffluentandcivilizedsocietyinthenewcentury.在新世纪建设一个富裕文明的社会是我们的义务。
25.(L.43)genuine:
adj.real,true
他真心诚意地愿意帮助我们。
(=Hehasagenuinedesiretohelpus.)
*Itappearstobegenuine,butIhavemysuspicionsaboutit.
CF:
real,true&genuine
这三个词都是形容词,都有“真的”、“真正的”之意。
real普通用语,指真实的或与事实相符的。
true强调客观事实与实际情况相符合,兼有real的含义。
genuine指真实性是有据可查的。
(Directions:
)Fillintheblankswiththewordsabove.Changetheformwherenecessary.
1.Itis_______thattheearthisround.(=true)
2.Isthisa______Mingvase(=genuine)
3.Thisisastoryof______life.(=real)
4.Amirageisnota______object.(=real)
5.______silver(=genuine)
26.(L.45)gothrough:
experience(sth.difficultorunpleasant)
*He’samazinglycheerfulconsideringallthathe’sgonethrough.
孩提时代,他经历了一个又一个的艰难困苦。
(=Whenhewasachild,hewentthroughonehardshipafteranother.)
(Directions:
)Choosetheappropriatetranslationfortheexpression“gothrough”inthefollowingsentences.
A.检查、审查、搜查
B.完成、做完
C.遭受、经历
D.看完
D1.Howlongwillittaketogothroughthebook
C2.I’mflatteredthatyouwentthroughallthistroublejustforme.
Awentthroughourluggageatthecustoms.
B4.Withgreatconcentrationshewentthroughthemovements.
27.(L.47)linger:
vi.
1)lastorcontinueforalongtime
*BeforeleavingSuzhou,wetookalastlingeringlookatthebeautifulview.
(=Thebeautifulmelodyislingeringinmymind.)
2)takealongtimetoleaveordisappear
*Helingeredoutsidetheschoolaftereverybodyelsehadgonehome.
CF:
stay,remain&linger
这三个词都是动词,都有“停留”、“逗留”之意。
stay是本组词中最普通的用语。
或长期或短期,或永远或暂时地停留。
例如:
*Mycarstaysinthegaragemostoftheweek.我的车子一周大部分时间都停放在车库里。
remain强调维持原来的状态,表示“逗留”时比stay更正式些。
例如:
*Littleoftheoriginal
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