上海高考英语练习docx.docx

上海高考英语练习docx.docx

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高考英语练习

（二）

II.GrammarandVocabulary

SectionADirectionsAfterreadingthepassagesbelowfillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswdthagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenwordfor.Theotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.

A

Thebiggestsafetythreatfacingairlinestodaymaynotbeamanwithagunbutthemanwiththeportablecomputerinbusinessclass.Inthelast25years,pilotshavereportedwellover200incidentsthat（25）havebeencausedbyelectromagneticinterference・Unclear

（26）thesourceofthisinterferenceremains,increasingly,expertshavefoundout

thatportableelectronicdevicessuchasportablecomputers,radioandmobiletelephonesare

（27）（blame）.

RTCA,anorganizationwhichadvisesaviationindustry,hassuggestedthatallairlinesbansuchdevicesfrom（28）（use）during"key"stagesofflight,particularlytake-off

andlanding・Someexpertshavegone（29）（far）,callingforatotalbanduringall

flights・Nowadays,rulesonusingthesedevicesareleftuptoairlines.Andalthoughsomeairlinesbanpassengersfromusingsuchequipmentduringtake-offandlanding,mostarenotwillingtoenforceatotalban,ifmanypassengerswanttoworkduringflights・

Thedifficultyisunderstanding（30）electromagneticfieldsmightaffectan

aircraft'scomputers.Expertsknowthattheportabledevicesgiveoffradiation,each（31）（affect）thosewavelengthswhichaircraftsuseforcommunication.But,becausetheyhavenotbeenabletoreproducetheseeffectsinalaboratory,theyhavenowayofknowingwhethertheinterferencemightbedangerousornot.・

Thefactthataircraftmaybeintroublebecauseoftheinterferenceraisestherisk（32）somepeoplemayuseradiosystemsinordertodamagenavigation（导撕i）

equipment.Aswonying,though,isthepassengerwhocantheartheinstructionstoturnoffhisradiobecausethemusic'stooloud.

（B）

It'sofficial,nomatterwhereyoulive:

heathfuleatingis33thebestwaystoprotect

youragingbrain.Conversely,adietthatskimpsonfruit,vegetables,wholegrains,nutsandfishandincludeslotsoffriedfoods,redmeatandalcoholishighlylikelytopavearoadtocognitiveruin.

Onaverage,16.8%ofthemenandwomenfollowedwerefound34（lose）some

cognitivehorsepowerinthestudy\5-yearspan.Butthataverageobscuresaclearpattern:

Those35dietsweremosthealthfulwereleastlikelytoexperiencecognitivedecline,andthosewiththeleasthealthfuldietsweremostlikely.

Howsignificantwastheeffect?

Comparedtoparticipantswhoreportedeatinghabitsthatwereleasthealthful,themosthealthfuleaterswere24%36（likely）tohaveexperienced

cognitivedeclineproblemsofmemory,attentionandreasoningabilityoveraroughly5-yearperiod・

Theauthorsofthelatestresearch,whichwaspublishedinthejournalNeurology,suggestthatthequalityofone'sdiet37affectcognitiveaginginanumberofways:

Poornutritionis

likelytorobthebodyandbrainofvitaminsandmineralsthatnotonlypromotethegenerationofhealthynewcells38helpguardagainstinflammation,helpbreakdownfatsandprotect

cellsfromstress・

39（limit）inflammation,stressandblockageiscriticaltokeepingthebrain，slifeline

―itsintricateweboflargeandsmallvessels■一open,andtokeepone'sneuronsthrumming・

WiththeincidenceofAlzheimer'sdiseaseintheUnitedStatesalone40（expect）to

triplebetweennowand2050,dietmaybeafirstlineofdefense,theauthorssuggest.

SectionB

Directions:

Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce・Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed・

G.physicalH.symptomsI.complainingJ.effectivelyK.simply

Thenexttimeyou'reridingasubwayorbus,payattentiontoyourfellowpassengers.

Chancesareyou'Hseeplentyofthemwiththeirheadsdown,tappingthescreensoftheirtabletsor41_ontheirsmartphones.Whilethesefolksmaybemakinggooduseoftheirtimebystaying

42、theirbodiesarepayingaheavypriceforsuchconvenience.

Ashand-helddevicessuchassmartphonesandtabletsarebecomingmorecommon,usersarereportingsomenew43problems・Floridachiropractor（脊椎按摩帀）DeanFishmanbegannoticinganincreasednumberofhispatients44ofneckandshoulderpain.Hetracedthese45_totheoveruseofhand-helddevices,specificallytheactionofbendingtheneck,andcreatedtheterm"TextNeck."Asifthepainfulsymptomsweren'tbadenough,FishmanwarnsthatanuntreatedcaseofTextNeckcouldleadto46spinal（脊柱的）damage.HefoundedtheTextNeckInstituteinanefforttotreatandeducatethosesufferingfromTextNeck.Treatmentsofferedthereincludechiropracticcare,physicaltherapy,massagetherapyandexerciseplanning・

InordertoavoidorreducethepossibilityofgettingTextNeck,usethefollowingbasicprinciples:

•Avoidawkwardpositioning・Don"strain（j监用）yourneck,andstayawareofhowyourbodyis47inrelationtothedevice・

•Takefrequent48whenusinganykindofmobiledevice.

•Whenusingatablet,useacasethatcanbackupthedeviceatcomfortable49angle.

Forthosewho50can'ttaketheireyesofftheirdevices,thereisanironictwist一downloadingaspecialdpp（应丿］J程序）couldhelp.Dr.FishmanhasreleasedanappcalledtheTextNeckIndicatorApp,whichmeasurestheangleofyoursmartpphone.Whentheangleisappropriate,agreenlightappearsintheuppercornerofyourscreen.Butwhentheangleputsyouatriskforneckstrain,thelightturnsred,obligingyoutoadjustyourangle.

HLReadingComprehension

SectionA（15）

Directions：

ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagestherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.

Peopleoftenaskwhichthemostdifficultlanguagetolearnis,anditisnoteasytoanswerbecausetherearemanyfactorstotakeintoconsideration・Firstly,inafirstlanguagethedifferencesare—51—aspeoplelearntheirmothertonguenaturally,sothequestionofhowhardalanguageistolearnisonly—52—whenlearningasecondlanguage・

AnativespeakerofSpanish,—53—,willfindPortuguesemucheasiertolearnthananativespeakerofChinese,becausePortugueseisverysimilartoSpanish,—54—Chineseisverydifferent.Sofirstlanguagecan—55—learningasecondlanguage・Thegreaterthedifferencesbetweenthesecondlanguageandourfirstare,the—56—itwillbeformostpeopletolearn.ManypeopleanswerthatChineseisthehardestlanguagetolearn,possibly—57_bythethoughtoflearningtheChinesewritingsystem,andthepronunciationofChinesedoesappeartobeverydifficultformanyforeignlearners・—58—,forJapanesespeakers,whoalreadyuseChinesecharactersintheirownlanguage,learning—59—willbelessdifficultthanforspeakersoflanguagesusingtheRomanalphabet.

Somepeopleseemtolearnlanguages_60_，whileothersfinditverydifficult・Teachersandthe—61—inwhichthelanguageislearnedalsoplayanimportantrole,aswellaseachlearnefsmotivationforlearning.Ifpeoplelearnalanguagebecausetheyneedtouseit_62_,theyoftenlearnitfasterthanpeoplestudyingalanguagethathasnodirectuseintheirdaytodaylife.

Differentculturesand_63—fromthosecultureswillfinddifferentlanguagesmoredifficult.Nolanguageiseasytolearnwell,_64_languageswhicharerelatedtoourfirstlanguageareeasier.Learningacompletelydifferentwritingsystemisahuge_65_,butthatdoesnotnecessarilymakealanguagemoredifficultthananother.

51.

A.apparent

B.extensive

C・delicate

D・unimportant

52.

A.relevant

B.permanent

C.essential

D.progressive

53.

A.bycontrast

B.inaddition

C.forexample

D.afterall

54.

A.when

B.while

C.where

D.whether

55.

A.affect

B・achieve

C.attach

D.assemble

56.

A.easier

B.harder

C.faster

D.slower

57.

A.inherited

B.overtaken

C.influenced

D.restricted

58.

A.However

B.Moreover

C.Therefore

D.Anyhow

59.

A.speaking

B.listening

C.reading

D.writing

60.

A.gradually

B.steadily

C.readily

D.subconsciously

61.

A.learners

B.materials

C.tutors

D.circumstances

62.

A.occasionally

B・professionally

C・properly

D.informally

63.

A.societies

B・characters

C.individuals

D.visitors

64.

A.as

B・though

C.because

D.since

65.

A.success

B.surprise

C.opportunity

D・challenge

SectionB

Directions:

Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B、CandD・Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformation^iveninthepassageyouhavejustread.

（A）

AlexisVaughan.11.shmched惰地坐）inthepassengerseatofher（lacfsExtursioiuluiinghereyeskizilysc;uilheLuulsenpclorwildlife.Suddenly,aKickc;uneinioview2（X）yardsinfron*q#ihcin."Dad.Ihere'sabuckthere!

"Alexissaid.Ilwasalh（vc-p>inibuck一amale

Asthecarmovedcloser,Alexissawthatthedeer'sheadwasbenttowardtheground.Thensheheardascream.Afewsecondslater,shesawanarmflyupnearthedeer'shead.Alexisrealizedthebuckwasattackingawoman.SuePanter,a44-year-oldmotheroffour,hadbeenoutforhermorningrun.Thebuckhademergedfromthetallcomandbegunfollowingher."IknewIwasintroubledPanterwenttopickupalogtouseforself-defense,andthebuckattacked.Itliftedherwithitsantlersandtossedherintotheair.

Alexislookedintothewoman，sterrifiedeyes,andbeforeherfatherhadevenstoppedthecar,she