全国高考题I卷与答案及解析.docx

全国高考题I卷与答案及解析.docx

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全国高考题I卷与答案及解析

2018年高考英语全国I卷真题解析

试卷导航

语篇

话题

体裁

词数

难度

阅读理解A

活动介绍

应用文

264+91=355

易

阅读理解B

烹饪节目介绍

新闻报道

274+141=415

中

阅读理解C

语言的消失

说明文

304+110=414

难

阅读理解D

新旧电子设备能耗

说明性议论文

349+106=455

中

阅读七选五

颜色在房间装饰中的重要作用

说明文

255+72=327

中

完形填空

国际大师通过象棋传授人生技能

记叙文

274

中

语法填空

跑步的好处和注意事项

说明文

196

中

短文改错

寒假去祖父母家感受到的变化

记叙文

113

中

书面表达

告知信

应用文

100（左右）

中

试题解读

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

Washington,D.C.BicycleTours

CherryBlossomBikeTourinWashington,D.C.

Duration:

3hours

Thissmallgroupbiketourisafantasticwaytoseetheworld-famouscherrytreeswithbeautifulflowersofWashington,D.C.Yourguidewillprovideahistorylessonaboutthetreesandthefamousmonumentswheretheyblossom.Reserveyourspotbeforeavailability–andthecherryblossoms–disappear!

WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTour

Duration:

3hours（4miles）

JoinaguidedbiketourandviewsomeofthemostpopularmonumentsinWashington,D.C.ExplorethemonumentsandmemorialsontheNationalMallasyourguidesharesuniquefactsandhistoryateachstop.Guidedtourincludesbike,helmet,cookiesandbottledwater.

CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington,D.C.

Duration:

3hours

MorningorAfternoon,thisbiketouristheperfecttourforD.C.newcomersandlocalslookingtoexperienceWashington,D.C.inahealthywaywithminimumeffort.KnowledgeableguideswillentertainyouwiththemostinterestingstoriesaboutPresidents,Congress,memorials,andparks.Comfortablebikesandasmoothtourroute（路线）makecyclingbetweenthesitesfunandrelaxing.

WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTour

Duration:

3hours（7miles）

JoinasmallgroupbiketourforaneveningofexplorationintheheartofWashington,D.C.GetupclosetothemonumentsandmemorialsasyoubikethesitesofCapitolHillandtheNationalMall.Frequentstopsaremadeforphototakingasyourguideoffersuniquefactsandhistory.Tourincludesbike,helmet,andbottledwater.Allridersareequippedwithreflectivevestsandsafetylights.

21.Whichtourdoyouneedtobookinadvance?

A.CherryBlossomBikeTourinWashington,D.C.

B.WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTour.

C.CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington,D.C.

D.WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTour.

22.WhatwillyoudoontheCapitalCityBikeTour?

A.Meetfamouspeople.B.Gotoanationalpark.

C.Visitwell-knownmuseums.D.Enjoyinterestingstories.

23.Whichofthefollowingdoesthebicycletouratnightprovide?

A.Citymaps.B.Cameras.C.Meals.D.Safetylights.

语篇解读

关键词

biketour，Washington,D.C.，explore

主旨概要

本文是一篇应用文，分别介绍了四种骑自行车游览华盛顿的活动。

百科知识

theNationalMall：

国家广场，是位于美国首都华盛顿特区的一处开放型国家公园。

这里是美国国家庆典和仪式的首选地，同时也是美国历史上重大示威游行、民权演说的重要场所。

CapitolHill：

国会山，也就是通常说的国会大厦，因其坐落在华盛顿特区海拔25米的全城最高点而得名国会山。

语言知识

重难点词

reserve预订；view参观；explore探索；share讲述；knowledgeable知识渊博的；bikev骑自行车

重难点词块

aguidedtour有导游的观光；bottledwater瓶装水；entertainsbwithsth用某事物使某人快乐；getupcloseto靠近；beequippedwith配备；reflectivevests反光背心；bookinadvance提前预订

长难句分析

Reserveyourspotbeforeavailability—andthecherryblossoms—disappear!

句意为：

趁樱花正盛，门票未磬，赶紧预订景点！

句中availability指“可购得，可买到”的状态。

MorningorAfternoon,thisbiketouristheperfecttourforD.C.newcomersandlocalslookingtoexperienceWashington,D.C.inahealthywaywithminimumeffort.句意为：

无论上午还是下午，无论是初来乍到还是当地居民，如果想要一种健康舒适的方式感受华盛顿，骑车游览都是最佳选择。

looking to...作newcomers and locals的后置定语。

答案与解析

21.A事实细节题根据第一段最后一句，Reserveyourspotbeforeavailability—andthecherryblossoms—disappear!

可知，骑车看樱花是需要提前预定的。

22.D事实细节题根据第三段第二句，KnowledgeableguideswillentertainyouwiththemostinterestingstoriesaboutPresidents,Congress,memorials,andparks.可知答案。

23.D事实细节题根据第四段最后一句Allridersareequippedwithreflectivevestsandsafetylights.可知答案。

B

GoodMorningBritain’sSusannaReidisusedtogrillingguestsonthesofaeverymorning,butsheiscookingupastorminherlatestrole—showingfamilieshowtopreparedeliciousandnutritiousmealsonatightbudget.

InSaveMoney:

GoodFood,shevisitsadifferenthomeeachweekandwiththehelpofchefMattTebbuttofferstoptipsonhowtoreducefoodwaste,whilepreparingrecipesforunder£5perfamilyaday.AndtheGoodMorningBritainpresentersaysshe’sbeenabletoputalotofwhatshe’slearntintopracticeinherownhome,preparingmealsforsons,Sam,14,Finn,13,andJack,11.

“WeloveMexicanchurros,soIbuythemonmyphonefrommylocalMexicantakeawayrestaurant,”sheexplains.“Ipay£5foraportion（一份）,burMattmakesthemfor26paportion,becausetheyareflour,water,sugarandoil.Everybodycanbuytakeawayfood,butsometimeswe’renotawarehowcheaplywecanmakethisfoodourselves.”

Theeight-partseries（系列节目）,SaveMoney:

GoodFood,followsinthefootstepsofITV’sSaveMoney:

GoodHealth,whichgaveviewersadviceonhowtogetvaluefromthevastrangeofhealthproductsonthemarket.

Withfoodourbiggestweeklyhouseholdexpense,SusannaandMattspendtimewithadifferentfamilyeachweek.Intonight’sEasterspecialtheycometotheaidofafamilyinneedofsomedeliciousinspirationonabudget.Theteamtransformsthefamily’slongweekendofcelebrationwithlessexpensivebutstilltastyrecipes.

24.WhatdoweknowaboutSusannaReid?

A.Sheenjoysembarrassingherguests.

B.Shehasstartedanewprogramme.

C.Shedislikesworkingearlyinthemorning.

D.Shehashadatightbudgetforherfamily.

25.HowdoesMattTebbutthelpSusanna?

A.Hebuyscookingmaterialsforher.

B.Hepreparesfoodforherkids.

C.Heassistsherincookingmatters.

D.Heinvitesguestfamiliesforher.

26.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph4?

A.Summarizethepreviousparagraphs.

B.Providesomeadviceforthereaders.

C.Addsomebackgroundinformation.

D.Introduceanewtopicfordiscussion.

27.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.KeepingFitbyEatingSmart

B.BalancingOurDailyDiet

C.MakingYourselfaPerfectChef

D.CookingWellforLess

语篇解读

关键词

SaveMoney:

GoodFood

主旨概要

本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍了SusannaReid主持的烹饪节目SaveMoney:

GoodFood。

这个节目旨在帮助家庭烹饪省钱、美味又营养的食物。

百科知识

ITV（IndependentTelevision）:

独立电视台，英国第二大无线电视经营商，于1955年设立。

GoodMorningBritain《早安英国》，ITV的王牌节目，主持人是SusannaReid。

原文出处

选自英国网站EXPRESS，2017年4月8日名为GoodMorningBritain’sSusannaReidonnewcookingonatightbudget的文章。

https:

//www.express.co.uk/life-style/life/789102/Good-Morning-Britain-Susanna-Reid-cooking

语言知识

重难点词

grillvt追问，盘问（grill基本义是“烧烤”，当人被反复盘问，就像是放在烧烤架上受煎熬，因此grill衍生为“追问，盘问”）

takeawayn外卖食品；外卖餐馆（takeaway是由take+away构成的合成名词）

valuen划算程度；range一系列；specialn特别节目；inspiration好主意；transform使改变

重难点词块

beusedtodoingsth习惯做某事；cookupastorm尽情/起劲地做饭；onatightbudget预算紧张；put...intopractice将……付诸实践；followinthefootstepsof效仿……；givesbadviceon...给某人某方面的建议；thevastrangeof各式各样的；householdexpense家庭开销；cometotheaidofsb=cometosb’said来帮助某人；assistsbin（doing）sth帮助某人（做）某事

长难句分析

InSaveMoney:

GoodFood,shevisitsadifferenthomeeachweekandwiththehelpofchefMattTebbuttofferstoptipsonhowtoreducefoodwaste,whilepreparingrecipesforunder£5perfamilyaday.句意为：

在SaveMoney:

GoodFood节目中，她每周拜访一个家庭，在厨师MattTebbutt的帮助下，为每个家庭准备每天花费不到5英镑的食谱，同时提供如何减少食物浪费的高招。

withthehelpofchefMattTebbutt是插入语，and连接动词visits和offers，while引导时间状语从句。

答案与解析

24.B推理判断题根据第一段...,butsheiscookingupastorminherlatestrole—showingfamilieshowtopreparedeliciousandnutritiousmealsonatightbudget.和第二段InSaveMoney:

GoodFood,shevisits...可推断，SusannaReid主持了一个新的烹饪节目SaveMoney:

GoodFood。

25.C推理判断题根据第二段...withthehelpofchefMattTebbutt...及第三段Ipay£5foraportion,butMattmakesthemfor26paportion...可推知厨师Matt帮助Susanna做一些烹饪方面的工作。

26.C写作目的题根据第四段可知SaveMoney:

GoodFood这个节目仿效了ITV出品的节目SaveMoney:

GoodHealth。

由此可知，这里作者是想介绍SaveMoney:

GoodFood这个节目的背景信息。

27.D主旨大意题本文主要介绍了SusannaReid主持的电视节目SaveMoney:

GoodFood。

由第一段...showingfamilieshowtopreparedeliciousandnutritiousmealsonatightbudget，第二段...offerstoptipsonhowtoreducefoodwaste,whilepreparingrecipesforunder£5perfamilyaday和最后一段Theteamtransforms...withlessexpensivebutstilltastyrecipes.可知SaveMoney:

GoodFood这个节目旨在帮助家庭用更少的钱做出美味可口的饭菜。

C

Languageshavebeencomingandgoingforthousandsofyears,butinrecenttimestherehasbeenlesscomingandalotmoregoing.Whentheworldwasstillpopulatedbyhunter-gatherers,small,tightlyknit（联系）groupsdevelopedtheirownpatternsofspeechindependentofeachother.Somelanguageexpertsbelievethat10,000yearsago,whentheworldhadjustfivetotenmillionpeople,theyspokeperhaps12,000languagesbetweenthem.

Soonafterwards,manyofthosepeoplestartedsettlingdowntobecomefarmers,andtheirlanguagestoobecamemoresettledandfewerinnumber.Inrecentcenturies,trade,industrialisation,thedevelopmentofthenation-stateandthespreadofuniversalcompulsoryeducation,especiallyglobalisationandbettercommunicationsinthepastfewdecades,allhavecausedmanylanguagestodisappear,anddominantlanguagessuchasEnglish,SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytakingover.

Atpresent,theworldhasabout6,800languages.Thedistributionoftheselanguagesishugelyuneven.Thegeneralruleisthatmildzoneshaverelativelyfewlanguages,oftenspokenbymanypeople,whilehot,wetzoneshavelots,oftenspokenbysmallnumbers.Europehasonlyaround200languages;theAmericasabout1,000;Africa2,400;andAsiaandthePacificperhaps3,200,ofwhichPapuaNewGuineaaloneaccountsforwellover800.Themediannumber（中位数）ofspeakersisamere6,000,whichmeansthathalftheworld’slanguagesarespokenbyfewer