北京市英语中考模拟试题专项阅读理解D篇汇编含答案.docx
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北京市英语中考模拟试题专项阅读理解D篇汇编含答案.docx
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北京市英语中考模拟试题专项阅读理解D篇汇编含答案
一.北京市朝阳区2015中考一模
D
“Theworldhasneverbeenabetterplacetolivein”sayssciencewriterMattRidley,“anditwillkeepongettingbetter.”ReadontoseehowRidleymakeshiscase.Rightorwrong?
Youdecide.
Comparedwith50yearsago,whenIwasjustfouryearsold,peoplenowmakenearlythreetimesasmuchmoney,eatonethirdmorefoodandexpecttoliveonethirdlonger.Infact,it’shardtofindanyareasoftheworldthat’sworseoffnowthanitwasthen,eventhoughtheworldpopulationhasmorethandoubledoverthatperiod.
Onereasonwearericher,healthier,taller,cleverer,longer-livedandfreerthaneverbeforeisthatthefourmostbasichumanneeds—food,clothing,fuelandshelter—havegrownmuchcheaper.Takeoneexample:
In1800,acandleprovidingonehour’slightcostsixhours’work.Inthe1880s,thesamelightfromalamptook15minutes’worktopayfor.In1950,itwaseightseconds.Today,it’shalfasecond.Intheseterms,weare43,200timesbetteroffthanin1800.
IntheUnitedSt
ates,rivers,lakes,seasandairaregettingcleanerallthetime.Acartodayproduceslesspollutiontravelingatfullspeedthanaparkedcardidfromleaks(泄漏)in1970.
Althoughtheworldpopulationisgrowing,therate(率)ofincreasehasbeenfallingfor50years.Acrosstheworld,nationalbirthratesarelowernowthanin1960,andinthelessdevelopedworld,thebirthratehasalmosthalved.AccordingtoaresearchreportfromtheUnitedNations,populationwillstartfallingonceitreaches9.2billionin2075.Afterall,therearealreadysevenbillionpeopleonearth,andtheyareeatingbetterandbetter.
In1970s,therewere550billionbarrels(桶)ofoilreserves(储存)intheworld,andinthe20yearsthatfollowedtheworlduse
dup600billion.Soby1990,reservesshouldhavebeenoverusedby50billionbarrels.Instead,itisreportedthereare900billiontoday.Theywilllastformanyyearsandpeoplewillfindsomethinginplaceofoillongbeforetheyrunout.
Themorewedevelop,themorewecandevelop.Themoreweinvent,themoreinventionsbecomepossible.For200years,pessimists(peoplewhobelievethatterriblethingswillhappeninfuture)havehadalltheheadlines—eventhoughoptimistshavefarmoreoftenbeenright.Therearesomereasonsforpessimists.Nocharity(慈善机构)everraisedmoneybysayingthingsaregettingbetter.Nojournalistevergotthefrontpagewritingastoryabouthowterriblethingswon’thappen.Don’tbeapessimist—daretobeanoptimist!
52.Today,providingonehour’slightcosts______.
A.6hours’workB.15minutes’workC.8
seconds’workD.0.5second’swork
53.Whichofthefollowingistrue,accordingtothepassage?
A.Thingsweusedtoneedweremuchcheaperthantheyaretoday.
B.Thepollutiontodayismuchmoreseriousthanitwaslongago.
C.Populationproblemhasnearlymadetheworldstopdeveloping.
D.It’snotnecessarytobeworriedaboutoilreservesintheworld.
54.Whatdoestheword“optimists”inthelastparagraphmean?
A.Peoplewhoarebraveenoughtofaceanythingterrible.
B.Peoplewhocanalwaystellgoodthingsfrombadones.
C.Peoplewhohavehopefulandhappyfeelingsaboutlife.
D.Peoplewhodon’teasilybelievewhatthey’retoldabout.
55.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?
A.N
everGiveUpB.CheerUp
C.Don’tBeSadD.ThinkOut
(D)52.D53.D54.C55.B
二.2015年顺义区初三第一次模拟练习
D
Languageskeepsevolving(进化、发展),andEnglishisnoexception.Itisalanguagethatembraces(欣然接受)newwordsthatmaybecooltodaybutgonetomorrow.
Thereare,however,somewordsandphrasesthathavestoodthetestoftime.OK,whichhasbecometheinternationalstandardforexpressingagreement,isagoodexample.
Butwhyisthisratherodd(奇怪的)expressionsopopularandsousefulwhenwecoulduseanynumberofotherwordstosaythesamething?
WritinginTheTimes,AllenMetcalf,authorofOK:
TheImprobableStoryofAmerica’sGreatestWord,writes:
“WhatOKprovidedthattheothersdidnotwasneutrality(中性),awaytoexpressagreementwithouthavingtoofferanopinion.”
Forexample,ifsomeoneasksyou“Shallwegoforawalkafterlunch?
”youcansimplyrespond“OK”.Thereyougo–noextraopinions.Juststraight,plainoldOK.
Sojustwheredidthisrathercuriousexpressioncomefrom?
TheoriginsofOKhavebeenwidelydisputed(辩论,争论).SomepeoplehaveguessedthatOKwasthenameofapersonoraproduct.
Speakersofmanydifferentlanguage
shavehadtheirsayonthisquestion,keentoclaimthetermastheirown.
WritinganarticleforLondon’sMetronewspaper,Metcalfstates:
‘OandKarepresentineverylanguageoftheworld,asexpressionsthatcanbeabbreviated(缩写)OK.”Forexample:
French–“Oqu-oui”,“yesindeed”;German–“OhneKorrektur”,“withoutcorrectionneeded”;andinLatinorGreek,“Ollakalla”,“allgood”.
But,doesitsoundalittletooinformalwiththispopularlittleexpression?
Apparentlynot.
Inaspeechwh
erehestatedthathiselection(当选)wouldnotbearadical(激进的)resulttoallproblems,PresidentObamasaid:
“…eventhoughIampresident…,AI-Qaidaisstillathreat(威胁)andthatwecannotpretendsomehowthatbecauseBarackHusseinObamagotelectedaspresident,suddenlyeverything’sgoingtobeOK,”hesaid.
So,thereyougo,straightfromthepresident.It’sOKtosayOK,andthankstotheexpression’swidespreadusageacrosstheworld,youcanbeunderstoodanywhere.
58.UsingtheexampleofObama,theauthorwantstoshowthat________.
A.thereisstillalongwaytogotodefeatAl-QaidaB.ObamalikestouseOKwhenhespeaks
C.OKiswidelyusedevenonformaloccasionsD.theuseofOKisencouragedinformalspeech
59.AccordingtoAllenMetcalf,OKdiffersfromothertermstoexpressagreement,whichofthefollowingopinionsistrue?
A.Itiseasiestwaytosay.B.Itdoesn’tneedemotion.
C.Itisthemostcommonlyused.D.Itdoesn’tuseintheformalspeech.
60.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?
A.WhyOKisOKeverywhere?
B.It’sOKtosayOKintheworld.
C.WheredidOKcomefrom?
D.EverythingisgoingtobeOK.
58.C59.B60.A
三.北京市燕山2015年中考一模
D
clubs
Nooneelseknewabouttheextra(额外的)clubinZachNash'sgolfbag.Itbelongedtoafriend,andZachforgotitwasthereasheplayedhiswaytowininajuniortournament(锦标赛)thissummerinWisconsin,US.
medal
The14-year-oldacceptedhismedal,andcelebratedwithgrandparentswhohadcomefromalongwaytowatch.Butwhenhestoppedbyhiscountryclubtosharethenews,aprofessionalplayernoticedsomethingwrong."Countyourclubs,"hetoldtheteena
ger.
Fifteen—onemorethanallowed.Zach'seyesfilledwithtears.
IfZachhadjustwonabasketballorasoccergameandsomeonehaddiscoveredanoffence(违反)afterthewin,itwouldnothavemattered.
Bendingtheruleshasbecomeacceptable,ifnotencouraged,inmanysports.Itisnothingunusualforsoccerplayerstomakeaturtledive(假摔)inthehopeofbreakingrules.
Golfisdifferent.Inawinatallcostsworld,thegameholdsitselftoahigherstandard.
Golfisn'tagamewherereferees(裁判)watchclosely.Ingolftournaments,dozensofcompetitorsarespreadacrossacresofland,soofficialscannothopetoseeeachshot.Competitorscallpunishmentsonthemselves.
Playersfeeltheweightofhistory.Golfbeganatleastthe15thcentury,butitbecamepopularasapastimeforthewealthywhoseemedtoalwayshavestrictrulesofbehavior,evenwhenitcametoshootingateachotherinrights.
"Itwasasportforgentlemen,notlaborers,andgentlemendidnotcareaboutwinning.Theycaredaboutdoingtherightthing,"saidRobertSimon,agolfcoachatHamiltonCollegeinNewYork.
Honestybecameasymbolofhonor.Whenoneofthegame'searlystars,BobbyJones,waspraisedforcallingapenaltyonhimselfatthe1925USOpen.Hereplied,"Youmightaswellpraiseamanfornotrobbingabank."
SoeventheerrorhadnoeffectonZach'sfinalscore—heneverusedtheextraclub,theteenagerpackeduphismedalanddroppeditinthemail."Butthiswasgolf,andrulesarerules.IjustknewwhatIhadtodo,"hesaid.
Thencameanothertournament.Beforeteeingoff,Zachcountedhisclubsfourtimes.
52.ZachNashreturnedthemedalhewoninthejuniortournamentbecause________.
A.hewascaughtcheatingbyaplayer
B.hedecidedtofollowtherulesofgolf
C.heusedanotherplayer'sclubbymistake
D.hemadeamistakecountinghisfinalscore
53.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutgolfisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?
A.Ingolf,honorcomesbeforewin.
B.Earlygolfplayersdidn'tcareabouttherules.
C.Golfplayersusuallydowhateverittakestowin.
D.Golfrefereeswatcheachshotandcallpunishments.
54.Theunderlinedphrase"teeingoff"inthelastparagraphprobablymeans"____".
A.gettingstartedB.gettingcaughtC.leavingD.winning
55.Whatisprobablythebesttitleofthepassage?
A.Zach'smedal.B.Thehistoryofgolf.
C.Honestycountsingolf.D.Golfisrichmen'sgame.
52—55BAAC
四.东城区2015届中考一模
D
Itisanargumentthathasdiv
idedtheEastandtheWestforcenturies:
Arechopsticksbetterthantheknifeandfork,orviceversa?
Nowthewinnermayfinallybedecided,onenvironmentalground.
Chopsticksaremadefromavarietyofmaterials,butbambooandwoodchopsticksaremorepopular.Theyareusuallycheaper,lowerintemperatureconductionandprovidebettersenseforholdingfood.That’swhyalmostalldisposable(一次性的)chopsticksaremadeofbambooorwood.Withcuttingdown25millionfully-growntreesayeartomakechopsticks,Chinahasrankednumberoneamongtheproducers.“Wemustchangeourhabitsan
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