完整word版Unit7TheArtofSmartGuessing练习答案.docx
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完整word版Unit7TheArtofSmartGuessing练习答案.docx
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完整word版Unit7TheArtofSmartGuessing练习答案
Unit7
TheArtofSmartGuessing
ConsolidationActivities
I.TextComprehension
1.Decidewhichofthefollowingbeststatestheauthor'spurpose.
A.Tointroduceaneffectivemethodofinterviewingcandidates.
B.Todecideonanewquiztofindouthowresourcefulathinkermightbe.
C.Toprovideanaccesstogainingnecessaryinformation.
D.Torecommendacreativemodelofthinkingindecision-making.
Key:
[D]
2.Judge,accordingtothetext,whetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalse.
1).Theauthoraskedthereaderstopaycloseattentiontothemethodtobeusedinsolvingthequizquestion.[T]
2).Thebestwaytoknowthenumberof"phonestores"intheUnitedStatesistogo
tothelocallibrarytodostatisticalresearch.[F]
3).Toillustratethesmartguessingapproach,theauthorhascitedalltogethersevenexamples.[F]
4).Thelawofaveragesispartlyresponsiblefortheaccuracyofourguessworkbecauseourassumptionsatthetwoextremesusuallybalanceout.[T]
3.Answerthefollowingquestions.
1).RefertoParagraph1.Theauthor,ontheonehand,intendedtofindouthowintelligenttheintervieweemightbe;ontheotherhand,hewastiredoftheclich?
e\nquestioningcandidatesduringinterviews.
2).RefertoParagraphs4and5.Thebestsolutionistoriskanapproximationsincethereisn'tenoughinformationforyoutocomeupwithanexactlycorrectanswer.
3).RefertoParagraph6.Itmeansagreatdealforbusinessorcreativityaswefrequentlyneedtomakedecisionswhenfullinformationdoesnotexist.
4).RefertoParagraph9.TheycallthemFermiproblems,namedafterEnricoFermi,a
NobelPrizewinner.Heusedsuchproblemstoteachhisstudentshowtomakeanapproximationwhenrelevantinformationisinadequate.
5).RefertoParagraphs16and17.Itlookedlikeamushroomcloud.Hehadfollowedasmartway,watchingunpoppedpopcornkernelsinthemicrowaveoven,toapproximatethehotspotsforcookinginsteadofusingscientificallysophisticatedtestingequipment.
6).Indecision-making,whenthenecessaryrelevantinformationisnotavailable,guessingbecomesinevitable.Smartguessing,i.e.guessingbasedonapproximationsisrecommendedinsuchcircumstances,anditmayoften,ifnotalways,provetobeeffectiveandfruitful.
4.Explaininyourownwordsthefollowingsentencestakenfromthetext.
1).Didyougetsotiedupinthesecomplexmathfiguresthatyouwereunabletogivethe"exactlyright"answer?
2).Didyoufocusallyourattentiononthetwomostimportantproblems,andthenmakeanestimationwhichmaynotbeexactlyright?
3).Yourmistakeswilloftenaverageout,i.e.theextremelyhighestimationsandtheextremelylowestimationswhichyoumakewilleventuallybecomeequalinamount,value,oreffect.
4).Theblackclothabsorbedtheheatofthesunmost.So,itsanksodeepbelowthatthesunrayscouldnotreachit.
II.WritingStrategies
Thistextisatypicalpieceofexpositiondevelopedbyexemplification.Thetitle,The
ArtofSmartGuessing,pointsoutthethemeofthetext.Theintroduction,whichpresentsthebackgroundofthetext,isveryappealingtothereaders.Inthebodyofthetext,aFermiproblemisdefinedandillustratedwithspecificexamples.TheexamplesareprovidedtoshowwhataFermiproblemis,totellushowitcanbesolved,andtosuggestthesignificanceoftheartofsmartguessing.Itisworthnotingthattheconclusionechoesthebeginning,contributingtotheformationoftheorganicunityoftheessay.Thewriterhasincorporateddescriptions,anecdotes,opinions,andfactsintoahighlyindividualexpositoryessay.
Thetwoquestionsbelowareworthyofourattention:
(1)Inwhatwayistheintroductionconnectedwiththeconclusion?
Inthebeginningaone-questionquizisdescribed,inwhichaninterestingquestionisasked,andintheconclusionitsanswerisoffered,withthesmartguessingprocesspresented.Thus,thebeginningandtheconclusionarenaturallyconnectedwitheachother.
(2)InthebodyoftheessaytheauthorgivessometypicalexamplestoillustrateaFermiproblem.Howmanyexamplesarepresented?
Whatdoyouthinkoftheexamples?
Altogether,fourexamplesareprovidedtoexplainaFermiproblem.TheyareverytypicalexamplesthatbestillustratewhataFermiproblemis.
III.LanguageWork
1.Explaintheunderlinedpartineachsentenceinyourownwords.
1).Didyoumakeacompletelywildguess…
asimplygroundlesspredictionfarfrombeingcorrect
2).Didyougettooboggeddowninthedetailstryingtocomeupwiththe"exactlyright"
answer?
stumpedorbaffled;workout
3).Ordidyouzeroinonthetwomostimportantproblems?
cometoconcentrateonanddealwith
4).Toanswerthequestion,herecommendedbreakingitdownintosmaller,more
manageablequestions.
dividin
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