职称英语考试卫生类阅读判断模拟试题精选.docx

职称英语考试卫生类阅读判断模拟试题精选.docx

《职称英语考试卫生类阅读判断模拟试题精选.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《职称英语考试卫生类阅读判断模拟试题精选.docx（13页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

职称英语考试卫生类阅读判断模拟试题精选

第2部分：

阅读判断。

下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：

如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

OsteoporosisandMen

Mentionthewordosteoporosisinthemanlyworldoftestosterone,professionalbasketballandtheXFL,andyou'relikelytogetawaveofthehandandadismissive"That'sawoman'sdisease."Notso.Morethan2millionAmericanmenhavebeenfoundtohavethethinningbonesandskeletalweaknessofosteoporosis,andanadditional3millionareatanincreasedriskofdevelopingthem.

It'struethatosteoporosisstrikeswomenwithmuchgreaterfrequencythanmen-insomestudiesasmuchasfourtosixtimesasoften.Butthat'snoreasontobrushitoffas"their"disease.It'samerestrokeofgenderluckthatmen'sbonestendtogrowlarger,strongeranddenser.Alsopayingdividendsarethosespotsthatboys（and,increasingly,girls）playaschildren-runningupanddownbasketballcourts,soccerandbaseballfields.Asithappens,physicalactivityisoneofthemoreimportantwaystoincreasebonedensityandprotectbonehealth.

Buteventhemostactivemencannotignorecertainfactsoflife.Allofusbuildupourbonesduringthefirstthreedecadesoflife,typicallyreachingpeakbonemassintheearly30s.Aroundtheageof35,webegingraduallytolosesomeofthisbonemass.Womenultimatelygiveupbetween30%.Thoughmasslossinmenislower,itstillmakesusvulnerabletobackpainsandbonefractures.Infact,thisyearaloneAmericanmenwillsufferasmanyashalfamillionosteoporosis-relatedbreaks,mostlyinthespine,hipandwrist.Thesearenotonlypainful;thousandsdieeachyearfromfracture-relatedcomplications.

Formanyofus,however,there'sstilltime.Ofallthesideeffectsofaging,osteoporosisisoneofthemorepreventable,throughdiet,exerciseandchangesinlifestyle.Thetwokeynutritionalsubstancesforbonehealtharecalcium,whichmakesbonesstronger,andvitaminD,whichhelpsthebodyabsorbthecalcium.

Exercisingisalsoimportant,withemphasisonweight-bearingactivitiesinwhichbonesandmusclesworkagainstgravity.Liftingweightsandworkingoutonresistancemachinescanhelppreservebonedensity.

Becarefulaboutwhat'sinyourmedicinecabinet.Prolongeduseofsomemedications,suchassteroids,canweakenyourbones.Smokinganddrinkingarebothbadforbones,asisprolongedweightlessness,foranybodywhoplanstoworkonthespacestation.

1Menarejustifiedinthinkingthatosteoporosisisawoman'sdisease.

ARight

BWrong

CNotmentioned

2Mostwomenalsothinkthatosteoporosisisawoman'sdisease.

ARight

BWrong

CNotmentioned

3Thekindofsportthatboysoftenplayaschildrenisgoodforthebuild-upoftheirbones.

ARight

BWrong

CNotmentioned

4Youarepronetobonebreaksifyousufferfromosteoporosis.

ARight

BWrong

CNotmentioned

5Ingeneral,menandwomenreachpeakbonemassattheageof35.

ARight

BWrong

CNotmentioned

6Exercisingisanimportantwaytoprotectbonehealth.

ARight

BWrong

CNotmentioned

7Weightlossisalsobadforyourbones.

ARight

BWrong

CNotmentioned

参考答案：

1.B　　2.C　　3.A　　4.A5.B　6.A　　7.C

ElNino

Whilesomeforecastingmethodshadlimitedsuccesspredictingthe1997ElNinoafewmonthsinadvance,theColumbiaUniversityresearcherssaytheirmethodcanpredictlargeElNinoeventsuptotwoyearsinadvance.Thatwouldbegoodnewsforgovernments,farmersandothersseekingtoplanforthedroughtsandheavyrainfallthatElNinocanproduceinvariouspartsoftheworld.

Usingacomputer,theresearchersmatchedsea-surfacetemperaturestolaterElNinooccurrencesbetween1980and2000andwerethenabletoanticipateElNinoeventsdatingbackto1857,usingpriorsea-surfacetemperatures.TheresultswerereportedinthelatestissueofthejournalNature.

Theresearcherssaytheirmethodisnotperfect,butBryanC.Weare.ameteorologistattheUniversityofCalifornia.Davis,whowasnotinvolvedinthework,saidit“suggestsELNinoisindeedpredictable.”

“Thiswillprobablyconvinceotherstosearcharoundmoreforevenbettermethods,”saidWeare.Headdedthatthenewmethod“makesitpossibletopredictElNinoatlongleadtimes.”Othermodelsalsousesea-surfacetemperatures,buttheyhavenotlookedasfarbackbecausetheyneedotherdata,whichisonlyavailableforrecentdecades,Wearesaid.

TheabilitytopredictthewarmingandcoolingofthePacificisofimmenseimportance.The1997ElNino,forexample,causedanestimated$20billionindamageworldwide,offsetbybeneficialeffectsinotherareas,saidDavidAnderson,oftheEuropeanCentreforMedium-RangeWeatherForecastsinReading,England.The1887ElNino,meanwhile,coincidedwithafailureoftheIndianmonsoonandafaminethatkilledperhaps40millioninIndiaandChina,promptingthedevelopmentofseasonalforecasting.Andersonsaid.

WhenElNinohitin1991and1997,200millionpeoplewereaffectedbyfloodinginChinaalone,accordingtoa2002UnitedNationsreport.

WhilepredictingsmallerElNinoeventsremainstricky,theabilitytopredictlargeronesshouldbeincreasedtoatleastayearifthenewmethodisconfirmed.

ElNinotendstodevelopbetweenAprilandJuneandreachesitspeakbetweenDecemberandyears.

ThenewforecastingmethoddoesnotpredictanymajorElNinoeventsinthenexttwoyears,althoughaweakwarmingtowardtheendofthisyearispossible.

练习：

1.ThemethodusedbytheColumbiaUniversityresearcherscanpredictElNinoafewmonthsinadvance.

A.rightB.wrongC.Notmentioned

2.TheColumbiaUniversityresearchersstudiedtherelationshipbetweenthepastElNinooccurrencesandsea-surfacetemperatures.

A.rightB.wrongC.Notmentioned

3.TheColumbiaUniversityresearchersarethefirsttousesea-surfacetemperaturestomatchthepastElNinooccurrences.

A.rightB.wrongC.Notmentioned

4.Weare’scontributioninpredictingElNino,washighlypraisedbyothermeteorologists.

A.rightB.wrongC.Notmentioned

5.AccordingtoaChinesereport,thefloodinginChinacausedbyElNinoin1991and1997affected200millionChinesepeople.

A.rightB.wrongC.Notmentioned

6.IttakesabouteightmonthsforElNinotoreachitspeak.

A.rightB.wrongC.Notmentioned

7.AspecialinstitutehasbeensetupinAmericatostudyElNino.

A.rightB.wrongC.Notmentioned

答案：

BACCBAC

TelevisionIsDoingIrrearableHarm

“Yes,butwhatdidweusetodobeforetherewastelevision?

”Howoftenwehearstatementslikethis!

Televisionhasn’tbeenwithusallthatlong,butwearealreadybeginningtoforgetwhattheworldwaslikewithoutit,Beforeweadmittedtheone-eyedmonsterintoourhomesweneverfounditdifficulttooccupyoursparetime.Weusedtoenjoycivilizedpleasures.Forinstance,weusedtohavehobbies,weusedtoentertainourfriendsandbeentertainedbythem,weusedtogooutsideforouramusementstotheatres,cinemas,restaurantsandsportingevents,Weevenusedtoreadbooksandlistentomusicandbroadcasttalksoccasionally.Allthatbelongstothepast.Nowallourfreetimeisregulatedbythe“gogglebox”.Werushhomeorgulpdownourmealstobeintimeforthisorthatprogramme.Wehaveevengivenupsittingattableandhavingaleisurelyeveningmeal,exchangingthenewsoftheday.Asandwichandaglassofbeerwilldoanything,providingitdoesn’tinterferewiththeprogramme.Themonsterdemandsabsolutesilenceandattention.Ifanymemberofthefamilydarestoopenhismouthduringaprogramme,heisquicklysilenced.

Wholegenerationaregrowingupaddictedtothetelly.Foodisleftuneaten,homeworkundoneandsleepislost,Thetellyisauniversalpacifier.Itisnowstandardpracticeformothertokeepthechildrenquietbyputtingtheminthelivingroomandturningontheset.Itdoesn’tmaterthatthechildrenwillwatchrubbishycommercialsorspectaclesofsadism（性虐狂）andviolence—solongastheyarequiet.

Thereisalimittotheamountofcreativetalentavailableintheworld,Everyday,televisionconsumesvastquantitiesofcreativework,Thatiswhymostoftheprogrammesaresobad:

itisimpossibletokeeppacewiththedemandmaintainhighstandardsaswell.Whenmillionswatchthesameprogramme,thewholeworldbecomesavillage,andsocietyisreducedtotheconditionswhichobtaininpre-literatecommunities（有文字之前的时期）.Webecomeutterlydependentonthetwomostprimitivemediaofcommunication:

picturesandthespokenwork.

Televisionencouragespassiveenjoyment.Webecomecontentwithsecond-handexperiences.Itissoeasytositinourarmchairwatchingothersworking.Littlebylittle“television”cutsusofffromtherealworld.Wegetsolazy,wechoosetospendafinedayinsemi-darkness,gluedtooursets,ratherthangooutintotheworlditself,Televisionmaybeasplendidmediumofcommunication,butitpreventsusfromcommunicatingwitheachother.Weonlybecomeawarehowtotallyirrelevanttelevisionistoreallivingwhenwespendaholidaybytheseaorinthemountains,farawayfromcivilization,Inquietnaturalsurroundingswequicklydiscoverhowlittlewemissthehypnotic（催眠）tyrannyofKingTelly.

16Thisarticleisaboutthedisadvantagesoftelevision.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

17Weoftengooutsideforouramusementsnow.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

18Werushhometobeintimeforaprogramme.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

19“Theone-eyedmonster”referstotheTVset.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

20Oneharmoftellyistoconsumequantitiesofcreativework.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

21ThisarticleimpliesthatalltheTVsetsintheworldshouldbedestroyed.

ARightBWrongCNo