if引导地非真实性条件状语从句即虚拟语气.docx
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if引导地非真实性条件状语从句即虚拟语气.docx
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if引导地非真实性条件状语从句即虚拟语气
if引导的非真实性条件状语从句即虚拟语气
通过动词形式的变化来表示说话人对发生的动作或存在的状态所持的态度或看法的动词形式称为语气。
.英语中的语气分三种:
陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气。
虚拟语气表示说话人所说的话不是事实,而是一种祝愿,建议,与事实相反的假设或实际可能性不大的情况等(即非真实的假设)。
If引导的条件状语从句分为真实和非真实条件句(虚拟条件句)。
真实条件句表示在假设的条件下,有可能实现的情况。
非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况,故采用虚拟语气。
Ifhedoesn’thurryup,hewillmissthebus.(真实条件状语)
Ifhewasfree,heaskedmetotellstories.(真实条件状语)
IfIwereyou,Iwouldgoatonce.(非真实条件状语从句)
Iftherewasnoair,peoplewoulddie.(非真实条件状语从句)
1)非真实条件句中虚拟语气的基本形式。
假设类型条件从句的动词结果主句的动词
与现在事实相反动词过去式(be只用were)would/should/could/might+动词原形
与过去事实相反had+过去分词would/should/could/might+have+过去分词
与将来事实相反动词过去式/(should/wereto)+动词原形would/should/could/might+动词原形
①与现在事实相反
IfIhadtime,Iwouldgoforawalk.
如果我有时间,我就会去散步。
(实际情况:
我现在没有时间,也不会去散步。
)
IfIwereyou,Iwouldtakeanumbrella.
假如我是你的话,我会带上雨伞。
(事实上我不可能是你。
)
Iwouldsaynoifsomeoneaskedmetobeinamovie.
假如有人请我当电影演员,我会表示拒绝。
(事实上现虚拟语气专项练习
1.Wereitnotforthesnowyweather,we__________allright.
A.wouldbeB.wouldhavebeenC.wereD.maybe
2.________morecareful,hisshipwouldnothavesunk.
A.IfthecaptainwereB.Hadthecaptainbeen
C.ShouldthecaptainbeD.Ifthecaptainwouldhavebeen
3.Ifhe_________metomorrow,Iwouldlethimknow.
A.shouldcallB.shouldnothavebeenable
C.werenotableD.arenotable
4.Ifyouaskedyourfather,you______________permission.
A.maygetB.mightgetC.shouldhavecalled
D.maybeget
5._____________today,hewouldgettherebyFriday.
A.WouldheleaveB.washeleaving
C.WerehetoleaveD.Ifheleaves
6.______Iyou,Iwouldgowithhimtotheparty.
A.WasB.HadbeenC.WillbeD.Were
7.Themillionsofcalculationsinvolved,hadtheybeendonebyhand,__________allpracticalvaluebythetimetheywerefinished.
A.couldloseB.wouldhavelostC.mightlose
D.oughttohavelost
8.HadPaulreceivedsixmorevotesinthelastelection,he________ourchairmannow.
A.musthavebeenB.wouldhavebeen
C.wereD.wouldbe
9.Ifyou________________JerryBrownuntilrecently,you'dthinkthephotographontherightwasstrange.
A.shouldn'tcontactB.didn'tcontact
C.weren'ttocontactD.hadn'tcontacted
10.____________heEnglishexaminationIwouldhavegonetotheconcertlastSunday
A.InspiteofB.ButforC.BecauseofD.Asfor
11.LookattheterriblesituationIamin!
IfonlyI_____________youradvice
A.followB.wouldfollowC.hadfollowed
D.havefollowed
12.HadPaulreceivedsixmorevotesinthelastelection,he____________ourchairmannow.
A.musthavebeenB.wouldhavebeen
C.wereD.hadn'tcontacted
13.Ifthehorsewontoday,it_____________thirtyracesinfiveyears.
A.wouldhavewonB.won
C.musthavewonD.didhavewon
14.Thereisarealpossibilitythattheseanimalscouldbefrightened,_______asuddenloudnoise.
A.beingthereB.shouldtherebe
C.therewasD.therehavingbeen
17.Iwouldhavegonetovisithiminthehospital,haditbeenatallpossible,butI______fullyoccupiedthewholeoflastweek.
A.wereB.hadbeenC.havebeenD.was
18.IapologizeifI__________you,butIassureyouitwasunintentional(无意的).
A.offendB.hadoffended
C.shouldhaveoffendedD.mighthaveoffended
19.Ifyouhadn'ttakensuchalongtimetogetdressed,we'd______________therebynow.
A.beB.circlesC.iscirclingD.becircling
20.Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest,soitseemsasifthesun________roundtheearth.
A.werecirclingB.circlesC.iscirclingD.becircling
21.IwishthatI_______________withyoulastnight.
A.wentB.havegoneC.couldgoD.couldhavegone
22.IwishI___________withher.
A.wouldbeB.amC.wasD.were
23.IwishthatI_____________theconcertlastnight.
A.couldB.haveattended
C.couldhaveattendedD.attended
24.Thepictureexhibitionboredmetodeath.IwishI_______________toit.
A.hadnotgoneB.havenotgone
C.didnotgoD.cannothavegone
25."Iwishyou___________metoputthesethingsaway,"hesaid.
A.willhelpB.helpC.arehelpingD.wouldhelp
26.IftheWatergateIncident_____________Nixonwouldnothaveresignedfromthepresidency.
A.didnotoccurB.hadnotoccurred
C.wasnotoccurringD.becircling
27.Ihadn'texpected________JamestoapologizebutIhadhoped.
A.himcallingmeB.thathewouldcallme
C.himtocallmeD.thathecallme
28.Georgewouldcertainlyhaveattendedthemeeting,____________________.
A.ifhedidn'tgetaflattireB.iftheflattirehadn'thappened
C.hadhenothadaflattireD.hadthetirenotflatteneditself
29.Theteachersuggestedthatherstudents_____________experienceswithESP.
A.writeacompositionontheir
B.towritecompositionaboutthe
C.wrotesomecompositionsofhisorher
D.hadwrittenanycompositionsforhis
30.HespeaksChineseasfluentlyasifhe______________aChinese.
A.wereB.hadbeenC.isD.hasbeen
31.Asusual,heputonashowasthoughhistrip____agreatsuccess.
A.hadbeenB.hasbeenC.wereD.was
32.Lookingroundthetown,hefeltasthoughhe______________awayforages.
A.hasbeenB.wasC.isD.hadbeen
33.Johnissostronglybuiltthathelooksasifhe______aselephant.
A.liftsB.isliftingC.LiftedD.couldlift
34.Hedescribedthetownasifhe_____________ithimself.
A.hadseenB.hasseenC.sawD.sees
35.Atthatthoughtheshookhimself,asthoughhe_____________fromanevildream.
A.wokeB.wakesC.wouldwakeD.hadwoke
36.Mostinsuranceagentswouldratheryou___________anythingaboutcollectingclaimsuntiltheyinvestigatethesituation.
A.doB.don'tC.didn'tD.didn'tdo
37.Althoughmostadoptedpersonswanttherighttoknowwho______________theirnaturalparentsare,somewhohavefoundthemwishthattheytheexperienceofmeeting.
A.hadn'tB.didn'thavehadC.hadn'thadD.hadn'thave
38.ItisimportantthattheTOEFLoffice________yourregistration.
A.willconfirmB.confirmC.confirmsD.mustconfirm
39.withoutelectroniccomputers,muchoftoday's___________advancedtechnology.
A.willnothavebeenachievedB.havenotbeenachieved
C.wouldnothavebeenachievedD.hadnotbeenachieved
40.HespeaksChineseasfluentlyasifhe____________aChinese.
A.wereB.hadbeenC.isD.hasbeen
41.Itistimethatthegovernment______________measurestoprotecttherarebirdsandanimals.
A.takesB.tookC.hastakenD.taking
42.Somepeoplearetooparticularaboutschoolrecords,insistingthateveryapplicant___alldiplomasfromelementaryschooltouniversity.
A.hasB.willhaveC.shouldhaveD.musthave
43.Hewasverybusyyesterday,otherwisehe_____tothemeeting.
A.wouldcomeB.CameC.wouldhavecomeD.hadcome
44.Imustsayhereadsverywell,andIshouldn'tbesurprisedifhe___________actingforalivingoneday.
A.hadtakenupB.takesup
C.havetakenupD.wouldhavetakenup
45.IfIhadseenthemovie,I______________youallaboutitnow.
A.wouldtellB.willtellC.havetoldD.wouldhavetold
46.Ihadn'texpected______HenrytoapologizebutIhadhoped.
A.himtocallmeupB.himcallingmeup
C.thathewouldcallmeupD.thathewillcallme
47.IhadhopedthatJohn____________ayearinAfrica,buthestayedthereonlyforthreemonths.
A.spendsB.spentC.wouldspendD.willspend
48.IhadhopedthatJennifer___________adoctor,butshewasn'tgoodenoughatscience.
A.willbecomeB.becameC.wouldbecomeD.becomes
49.I'dratheryou___________anythingaboutitforthetimebeing.
A.doB.didn'tdoC.don'tD.didn't
50.I'djustassoon_______rudelytoher.
A.thatyouwon'tspeakB.younotspeaking
C.younotspeakD.youdidn'tspeak
51.It'shightimethey____________thisroad.
A.mendB.mendedC.musthavemendedD.willmend
52.It'sabouttimepeople______noticeofwhatwomendidduringthewar.
A.takeB.tookC.havetakenD.willtake
53.Everybodyhasarrived.It'stimewe___________theclass.
A.shallstartB.wouldstartC.hadstartedD.start
54.___________theEnglishexaminationIwouldhavegonetotheconcertlastSunday.
A.InspiteofB.ButforC.BecauseofD.Asfor
55.Mary___myletter;otherwiseshewouldhaverepliedbeforenow.
A.hasreceivedB.oughttohavereceived
C.couldn'thavereceivedD.shouldn'thavereceived
56.Johndidnotfeelwellyesterday;otherwisehe_______toseehisclassmatesoff.
A.cameB.wouldcome
C.wouldhavecomeD.shouldbecoming
57.He'sworkinghardforfearthathe_____________.
A.shouldfallbehindB.fellbehind
C.mayfallbehindD.wouldfallbehind
58.Withoutthedreamsoftheyouth,thisinventionmight____________foracentury.
A.havebeenpostponedB.hasbeenpostponed
C.postponeD.bepostponed
59.Inthepastmengenerallypreferredthattheirwives_______________inthehome.
A.workedB.wouldworkC.workD.wereworking
60.Forachildtogiveuphislessmatureideaforamorematureone,itrequiresthatthechild_____psychologicallyreadyforthenewidea.
A.isB.wereC.beD.wouldbe
61.Tom'sfather,aswellashismother,_______________inNewYorkforafewdaysmore.
A.askhimtostayB.askhetostay
C.askshestaysD.askshestay
62.Youradvicethat_____________tillnextweekisreasonable.
A.shewaitsB.shewaitC.waitsheD.shewaited
64.Itwasessentialthatweleasebeforetheendofthemonth.
A.singB.singedC.hadsignedD.weresigning
65.Itisappropriatethatsomet
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