名词冠词数词代词介词.docx
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名词冠词数词代词介词.docx
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名词冠词数词代词介词
名词
名词的数
1、可数名词与不可数名词
A、不可数名词,初中阶段常见的不可数名词有:
water;meat;rice;bread;milk;tea;orange(桔汁);fruit;air;snow;chalk;work;paper(纸);time(时间);music;weather;grass;news;food;fish(鱼肉);coke;porridge;cake(可数或不可数).不可数名词应注意以下几点:
1)前无数、冠,后无复数;作主语为三单.
2)表量用约数some/any;much;alotof或用of短语
eg.Thereis____breadonthetable.[C]
A.aB.oneC.apieceofD.many
Thereissome_______ontheplate.[B]
A.appleB.fishC.milksD.deer
2、可数名词的复数
A、不规则变化:
man—men;woman—women;child—children
policeman—policemen
Englishman—Englishmen
Frenchman—Frenchmen
foot—feet;tooth—teethmouse(鼠)—mice
B、规则变化
1)s;sh;ch;x结尾加es读[iz]
2)ce;se;ze;(d)ge结尾加s
eg.boxes[bksiz]blouses[blauziz]
3)f(fe)结尾则变f(fe)为v加es---读[vz]
eg.knives[naivz]
4)“辅+y”结尾变y为i加es清就清[s]
5)一般加s浊就浊[z]
eg.books[buks]pens[penz]babies[beibiz]
但注意以下几点:
①potato—potatoes;tomato—tomatoes
②单复同形:
fish;sheep;deer;Chinese;Japanese
③由man,woman在词首构成的复合名词应将两部分都变成复数
mandoctor—mendoctors
④reef—reefs
⑤“某国人”的复数:
中日不变英法变,其余s加后面.eg.German—Germans
⑥people,police常用单数形式表示复数概念Thepolicearelookingforthemissingboy.
3、名词所有格:
名词’s(意思是“……的”)
A.有生命的名词所有格,一般在后加“’s”但注意:
1)表两者共有则在后者加“’s”
LucyandLily’sfather露西和莉莉的父亲
Lucy’sandLily’sfathers露西的父亲和莉莉的父亲.
2)以s结尾的词只加“’”
eg.1)theboys’books2)James’father
3)无生命的名词所有格用of来引导
eg.thelegofthedesk
4)双重所有格:
afriendofmyfather’s
afriendofmine(√)afriendofmy(×)
练习
一、写出下列词的复数
1.book______2.bus______3.orange_______
4.baby______5.boy______6.my________
7.his_______8.knife______9.watch________
10.sheep______11.tooth_____12.leaf____
13.German__________14.Chinese_________
二、选择正确的答案
()1.—Arethose______?
---No,theyaren’t.They’re_____.
A.sheep;cowsB.sheep;cow
C.sheeps;cowD.sheeps;cows
()2.Mum,I’mquitethirsty.Pleasegiveme____.
A.twoorangeB.twobottlesoforange
C.twobottlesorangeD.twobottlesoforanges
()3.Ihavegot___newsfrommyfriend.Doyouwanttoknow?
A.averygoodB.any
C.apieceofD.twopieces
()4.___roomisonthe5thfloor.
A.LucyandLilyB.LucyandLily’s
C.Lucy’sandLilyD.Lucy’sandLily’s
()5.EverymorningMr.Smithtakesa____tohisoffice.
A.20minutes’walkB.20minute’swalk
C.20-minuteswalkD.20-minutewalk
()6.ThisisJamesAllanGreen.Wecancallhim____.
A.Mr.GreenB.Mr.Allan
C.Mr.JamesD.JamesGreen
()7.JackandTomare____.
A.goodfriendsB.goodfriend
C.agoodfriendD.goodafriend
()8.It’sonlyaboutten____walktothenearestpostoffice.
A.minutesB.minute’sC.minutes’D.minute
()9.Heoftenhas____forbreakfast.
A.twobreadsB.twopieceofbreads
C.twopiecesofbreadD.twopiecesofbreads
()10.Mrs.Greenhastwo____.They’reverybright.
A.childsB.childC.children’sD.children
()11.WhatdidtheheadmastersayaboutJim’s______.
A.twomonthsholidayB.twomonths’holiday
C.two-monthholidayD.twomonth’sholidays
()12.Iwon’tgotherewithyou,forIhavealotof____todo.
A.worksB.jobC.workD.working
()13.LiLeiisafriendof___.
A.IsisterB.mysister’s
C.mesisterD.mysisterof
()14.Haveyouread____?
A.today’sB.todaypaper
C.thetoday’spaperD.today’spaper
()15.Howmany___arethereintheroom?
A.boxesB.boxC.boxsD.boxxes
()16.Many____havebeenbuiltinourcitysince1987.
A.factorysB.factories
C.factoryesD.factorys
()17.Therearelotsof___inthebasketonthetable.
A.tomatosB.tomatoC.tomatoesD.tomatoss
()18.Thecatcaughttwo___lastnight.
A.mousesB.miceC.mouseD.mices
()19.Jackwenttohavetwo___pulledoutyesterdayafternoon.
A.toothsB.toothC.teethD.toothes
()20.Inourschooltherearefifty-five___.
A.womenteachersB.womanteachers
C.womenteacherD.woman’steacher
()21.Thethree___willbeputintoprison.
A.thiefsB.thiefC.thievesD.thiefs’
练习答案:
一、
1.books2.buses3.oranges
4.babies5.boys6.our
7.their8.knives9.watches
10.sheep11.teeth12.leaves
13.Germans14.Chinese
二、
1——5ABCBD6—10AACCD
11—15CCBDA16—21BCBCAC
初中英语复习专辑
(2)——冠词
1、不定冠词a,an
a用在辅音音素开头的词前eg.abook
ausefulbooka“u”
[ju:
sful][ju:
]
an用于元音开头的词前.eg.anapple
anhouran“F”
[au
][ef]
2、定冠词the
1)特指某人/某物
Thebookonthedeskismine.
2)世上独一无二的事物前
thesun,themoon,theearth,thesky
3)形、副最高级及序数词前
Thethirdboyisthetallestofall.
(但当这些词前已有其他限定词,如物主代词、所有格、指示代词时,则不能再用the)
HeismyfirstEnglishteacher.
4)the+姓的复数表示“某家人”或“某夫妇”。
theGreens格林一家/格林夫妇
3、不用冠词的几种情况:
1)在星期、月份、季节前不用冠词
2)学科名词前
3)球类运动及早、中、晚三餐名词前(但:
①当三餐名词前有修饰词时,则要加适当的冠词.②表乐曲演奏的名词前应加the)
1)Hewenttoschoolafterhehadaquickbreakfast.
2)playtheviolin/piano
练习
()1.Thereis____“s”in____word“bus”.
A.a;aB.an;theC.a;theD.an;a
()2.Mathsis___usefulsubject.Youcan’tdropit,Ithink.
A.anB.aC.theD./
()3.____badweatheritis!
A.HowB.WhataC.HowaD.What
()4.—Whatcoloris___orange?
--It’s_____orange.
A.an;anB.an;theC.an;/D./;an
()5.Mr.Liis____oldworker.
A.anB.aC.someD./
()6.Lookat____picture!
There’s____houseinit.
A.a;aB.the;theC.a;theD.the;a
()7.Onemorninghefound____handbag.Therewas___“s”onthecornerof___handbag.
A.a;an;theB.a;a;the
C.a;a;aD.the;an;a
()8.What___interestingstoryitis!
A.aB.anC.theD./
()9.Meimeiis___beststudentinherclass.
A.aB.anC./D.the
()10.Tomis___kindboy.All___studentslovehim.
A.a;/B.a;theC.an;/D.an;the
()11.Is___bookonthedeskmine?
Yes.
A.theB.aC.anD./
()12.Evenwhilehewasin___hospital,hewentonwritingsongs.
A.aB.anC.theD./
()13.Don’tread_____.
A.inbedB.inthebedC.onbedD.onthebed
()14.Smithis____honestman.
A.aB.theC.anD./
()15.Chinahas___populationof1,200,000,000.
A./B.anC.theD.a
()16.What’s____for“椅.子”?
A.EnglishB.anEnglish
C.theEnglishD.anyEnglish
()17.Maryis___clevererofthetwogirls.
A.theB.aC.anD.much
()18.____youngmustlookafter___old.
A.The;aB.The;theC.A;aD.A;the
()19.___earthisoneof____planets.
A.The;sun’sB.The;thesun
C.The;thesun’sD.The;thesuns’
()20.Tokyois___.
A.thecapitalofJapanB.capitalofJapan
C.JapancapitalD.acapitalofJapan
()21.Katesometimesplays___violin(小提琴)andsometimesplays___tabletennisbeforesupper.
A./;theB.the;/C.the;theD./;/
()22.–Haveyouseen___pencil?
Ileftitherethismorning.
--Isit___redone?
Isawit.
A.a;theB.the;theC.the;aD.a;a
()23.Thereis_______orangetreebehind_____house.
A.an;theB.a;aC.the;theD.an;/
()24.—Howlongdidyoustaythere?
--Abouthalf___hour.
A./B.oneC.aD.an
练习题答案:
1——5BBDCA6—10DABDB
11—15ADACD16—20AABCA
21—24BDAD
初中英语专辑(3)——代词
(一)指示代词:
this,that,these,those.this,that一般与可数名词的单数连用,而不与不可数名词连用(但that可单独指代不可数名词)。
thatapple(√)thatmeat(×)
TheweatherinSichuanisnotsohotas______inGuangzhou.[that]
(二)人称代词、物主代词和反身代词
1)人称代词:
主格、宾格(作主语为主格,作宾语为宾格;介+宾格)
eg.1)Ithankyou
2)Youthankme.
2)物主代词:
形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。
一变(my—mine);二留(his—hisits—its)
三加s(your—yours;our—ours;her—hers;their—theirs)
用法:
有名不名,无名是名
eg.Thisis_____(我的)book.Thisbookis______(我的).[my;mine]
3)反身代词:
某某自己;亲自
单数
复数
yourself
yourselves
myself
ourselves
himself
themselves
herself
itself
反身代词的常见搭配:
1.enjoyoneself玩得高兴;过得愉快
2.hurtoneself伤着自己
3.teachoneself=learn…byoneself自学
4.(all)byoneself(完全)独立地
5.helponeselfto请自便;随便吃…
6.lookafteroneself自理;照顾自己
7.leaveonebyoneself把…单独留下
8.loseoneselfin陶醉于…;沉浸于…
(三)不定代词
1)some与any
一般情况下,some用于肯定句,any用于否定句、疑问句(但表邀请、建议的问句中可用some—此类句型常以could,would开头)
2)many+可数=alotof:
许多
much+不可数
(但alotof不能用于否定句)
3)few,afew;little,alittle
表否定
表肯定
可数
few(几乎没有)
afew(几个;一些)
不可数
little(几乎没有)
alittle(一点儿少许)
①.Thestoryiseasytoread.Thereare____newwordsinit.[few]
②.Hurryup!
Thereis_____timeleft.[little]
4)everyone/anyone不加of
noone不加of
noneof
()____ofuswantstoreadthebook.[B]
A.EveryoneB.Everyone
C.NobodyD.Noone
5)other,another,others
单数
复数
泛指
another
三者以上的另一个
定语
主语、宾语
other
some…others
特指
one…theother
一个…另一个
theothers=theother+复名(另外的人或物)
①.Westudy_____subjectsbesidesChinese.
②.MayIhave___________apple?
③.Thesecupsareclean.________aredirty.
④.Ihavetwopens.Oneisred,________isblue.[other;another;others;theothers]
另外注意:
oneanother(三者以上的)相互
eachother(两者的)相互
Weshouldlearnfromeachother(说明we指两个人)
Theyhelponeanother(说明they指三个人以上)
6)二者与三者
复数
单数
单数
二者
both(都)
neither(都不)
either(任何一个)
三者
all(都)
none(都不)
any(任何一个)
注意:
①.both否定neitherall否定none
②.both,all不但作主语为复数,且被修饰的词也为复数;neither,none作主语为单数,但noneof+复名,neitherof+复名
()1.____ofmyparentsisateacher.[B]
A.NoneB.NeitherC.BothD.All
()2.Therearemanytreeson____sideoftheriver.[C]
A.bothB.anyC.eitherD.all
everyone/anyoneof
7)each:
(二者以上的)每个——作主、宾、定)
every:
(三者以上的)每个——只作定语)
①.____studentintheclasslikesEnglish.
②.___ofthestudentsstudiedhard.
[Every;Each]
练习
()1.____officeismuchsmallerthan____.
A.Ours;yoursB.Our;yoursC.Theirs;our
()2.“Help___tosomemeat.”myunclesaidtome.
A.themselvesB.yourselfC.yourselves
()3.Therearetwentyteachersinourschool.Eightofthemarementeachersand____arewomenteachers.
A.othersB.theothersC.another
()4.Thereisn’t____
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- 关 键 词:
- 名词 冠词 数词 代词 介词