高考英语突破23.docx
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高考英语突破23.docx
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高考英语突破23
2015高考英语突破(23)
A必会基础
Ⅰ.单词速记
A.识记单词
1.________(adj.) 在前的;早先的
2.________(n.)指导;向导;导游
(vt.)指引;指导
3.________(vt.)容忍;忍受
4.________(vi.&vt.)缺乏;没有
(n.)缺乏;短缺的东西
5.________(n.)开关;转换
(vt.)转换
6.________(adj.)贪吃的;贪婪的;贪心的
B.联想串记
7.________(n.)印象;感想;印记→________(v.)使留下深刻印象→________(adj.)给人深刻印象的
8.________(adj.)时常发生的;连续不断的→________(adv.)不断地
9.________(n.)周围的事物;环境→________(adj.)周围的→________(vt.)围绕
10.________(n.)调整;调节→________(vt.)调整;使适应
11.________(vi.&vt.)按;压;逼迫 (n.)按;压;印刷;新闻→________(n.)压力
12.________(adj.)乐观(主义)的→________(反义词,adj.)悲观(主义)的
13.__________(n.)瞬间;片刻 (adj.)立即的;立刻的→________(adv.)马上
14.________(n.)代表;典型人物 (adj.)典型的;有代表性的→________(v.)代表
15.________(n.)定居;解决→________(v.)定居;解决
答案:
1.previous 2.guide 3.tolerate 4.lack 5.switch
6.greedy 7.impression;impress;impressive 8.constant;constantly 9.surroundings;
surrounding;surround 10.adjustment;adjust 11.press;pressure 12.optimistic;pessimistic
13.instant;instantly 14.representative;represent 15.settlement;settle
Ⅱ.短语互译
1.拿起;接受;开始;继续__________________
2.(困境后)恢复;完全复原__________________
3.打扫;横扫__________________
4.(快捷而悄声地)移动;溜进……__________________
5.加速__________________
6.losesightof__________________
7.beoptimisticabout__________________
8.besimilarto...__________________
9.inalldirections__________________
10.underrepair__________________
答案:
1.takeup 2.bebackonone'sfeet 3.sweepup
4.slideinto 5.speedup 6.看不见…… 7.对……感到乐观 8.与……相似 9.向四面八方 10.在修理中
Ⅲ.典句忆析
A.完成句子
1.特殊疑问词+插入语(doyouthink/suppose/expect/believe等)+陈述语序
Whichproblems______________(你认为)peoplewillhaveovercomeinonethousandyears?
2.形容词+不定式(作状语)
Atfirstmynewsurroundingswere______________(难以忍受).
3.过去分词短语作状语
______________(由于缺少新鲜空气),myheadached.
4.what引导的名词性从句
However,IlostsightofWangPingwhenwereached______________
(看上去像个大市场)becauseoftoomanycarriagesflyingbyinalldirections.
5.where引导定语从句
Well,nowthere'sasystem______________(废弃物被处理)usingtheprinciplesofecology.
B.典句仿写
1.你为什么认为他们不会按时到呢?
_______________________________________________________
2.他的理论很难懂。
_______________________________________________________
3.受到老师责备,女孩开始哭了起来。
_______________________________________________________
4.他在会上说的话令每个与会者震惊。
_______________________________________________________
5.你能设想这个单词被使用的场合吗?
_______________________________________________________
答案:
A.1.doyouthink 2.difficulttotolerate 3.Hitbyalackoffreshair
4.whatlookedlikealargemarket 5.wherethewasteisdisposedof
B.1.Whydon'tyouthinktheywillarriveontime?
2.Histheoryisverydifficulttounderstand.
3.Scoldedbytheteacher,thegirlbegantocry.
4.Whathesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent.
5.Canyouthinkoutasituationwherethiswordcanbeused?
Ⅳ.要点串记
运用所学语言基础知识,补充完整下面短文,并背诵之。
Hiswholemorning1.________(被占据)withthemeetingandhisheadachedwhenitwasfinallyover.
Justatthattime,theassistantcameinand2.________(提醒)himthatitwastimeforhimtomeetthe
customerattheairport.Lookingathiswatch,he3.________(突然站起来)andrushedoutofhisoffice
intohiscar.Worriedabout4.________(留下不好的印象)thecustomer,he5.________(加速)hiscaron
thewaybutgottheresomeminuteslate.Amongallthepeople6.______(在四面八方),he7.________
(看见)thecustomerwhowaswaitingforhim,8.________(没有)patience.Hehurriedtotheman,
thinkingofthecomingholiday.
答案:
1.wastakenup 2.reminded 3.jumpedtohisfeet
4.makingapoorimpressionon 5.speededup 6.inalldirections 7.caughtsightof 8.lacking
B巩固提高
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Weare________(乐观的)thatthemainlandandTaiwanwillunifyinthenearfuture.
2.Hecanhardlyfindajobinthecanteen,becausehehasno________(先前的)experienceofthiskindofjob.
3.ThepeopleinIraqlivedahardlife,becauseitwas________(不断地)hitbywar.
4.The________(周围的)sceneryisverybeautiful.
5.Theprojectfaileddueto________(缺乏)ofmoney.
6.Ifyou________(按)thebutton,themachinewillstart.
7.He________(带领)usthroughthenarrowstreetstothecentralmosque.
8.Shecaughthiseyesforan________(瞬间).
9.Hiswonderfulspeechmadeastrong________(印象)onhisaudience.
10.Theworkersandthebosshavereacheda________(协议)overnewworkingconditions.
答案:
1.optimistic 2.previous 3.constantly 4.surrounding
5.lack 6.press 7.guided 8.instant 9.impression
10.settlement
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.Themanstoodatthebankwavingtohisfriendsuntilhe________________(看不见他们的船只).
2.Bob'swifeinsistedthatheshouldbuyherabagwhich________________(与她朋友的类似).
3.Thethief____________(加速)whenherealizedthathewasbeingfollowedbyapolicecar.
4.Tomthoughtcarefullyforseveraldaysanddecidedto______________(接受工作).
5.Irecognizedher________________(我一看见她).
答案:
1.lostsightoftheirboat 2.wassimilartoherfriend's 3.spedup 4.takeupthejob
5.theinstantIsawher
Ⅲ.作文练笔
先将下面几个句子翻译成英语,然后连成一篇小短文。
1.我对未来的生活感到非常乐观。
到那时我们生存的环境将更加舒适漂亮。
2.人们再也不会为缺乏能源而发愁,因为到那时,太阳能、风能、潮汐能(tidalenergy)已经得到充分利用,
海水将取代石油转化成能源。
3.家家都有机器人。
机器人可以帮助人们打扫卫生、做饭、照看孩子等。
4.只需按一下开关,悬浮汽车(hovercars)就可以飞往四面八方。
5.这就是我们未来的生活。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
答案:
I'moptimisticaboutlifeinthefuture.Bythattimethesurroundingswherewelivewillbemoreconvenient
andbeautiful.Peoplewillnotworryaboutlackofenergyanylongerbecausesolarenergy,windenergy
andtidalenergywillhavebeenmadefulluseofandseawaterwillbeswitchedintoenergyaswell,taking
theplaceofoil.Therewillberobotsineveryfamily,whichcanhelppeoplesweepupthehouses,cookmeals,
lookafterthebabiesandsoon.Onlybypressingaswitchcanhovercarsflyinalldirections.
Thisiswhatourlifewillbelikeinthefuture.
方法与思考
本节聚焦:
阅读理解答题策略(四)
如何提炼主旨大意
“mainidea”型主旨大意题也属于阅读理解中的深层理解题。
这种题型中的干扰项通常和文章中的某一细节有关,
因此许多考生往往只根据文中的某一信息盲目确定答案。
(1)运用略读法迅速浏览全文,特别注意文章的首句、尾句,或各段落的首句和尾句。
(2)找准主题句。
主题句通常是在一个段落的段首或段尾,偶尔在段落的中间。
有的文章无明显的主题句,主题句
隐含在段意之中。
(3)任何一篇文章都是围绕某个主题展开的,文章中往往会反复出现某个中心词,即高频词,也称主题词。
抓住主
题词,对于理解文章的主旨大意会很有帮助。
典例
(2011·北京高考)AstherailroadsandthehighwaysshapedtheAmericanWestinthepastcenturies,anew
electricalgenerating(发电)andtransmission(输送)systemforthe21stcenturywillleavealastingmark
ontheWest,forbetterorworse.Muchoftherealsignificance
ofrailroadsandhighwaysisnotintheirdirectphysicaleffectonthescenery,butinthewaysthatthey
affectthesurroundingcommunity.Thesameistrueofbigsolarplantsandthepowerlinesthatwillbe
laiddowntomoveelectricityaround.
The19thcenturysawlandgrants(政府拨地)offeredtorailroadcompaniestobuildthetranscontinental
railroads,leavingpubliclandinbetweenprivately
ownedland.InmuchoftheWest,someoftherailroadsectionsweredevelopedwhileothersremained
undeveloped,andinbothcasesthelandownershiphaspresenteduniquechallengestolandmanagement,
withthecompletionoftheinterstatehighwaysystemmanyofthesmalltownswhichsprangupasrailway
stopsanddevelopedwell,havelosttheirlifebloodanddied.
BigsolarplantsandtheirpowerlineswillalsohaveeffectsfarbeyondtheirdirectfootprintintheWest,
thisisnotanargumentagainstbuildingthem.Weneedalternativeenergybadly,andtoreallytake
advantageofitweneedtobeabletomoveelectricityaroundfarmorereadilythanwecannow.
Sotrade?
offswillhavetobemade.Somescenicsportswillbesacrificed.Somespecies(物种)
willbeforcedtomove,orwillbecarefullymovedtospecialaccommodations.
Dealswillbestrucktoreducetheimmediateeffects.
Thelastingeffectsofthesetrade?
offsareanothermatter.The21stcenturydevelopmentofthe
AmericanWestasanidealplacefor
alternativeenergyisgoingtothrowoffalotofpowerandmoneyintheregion.Therearechances
forthatpowerandmoneytodoalotofgood.Butitisjustaslikelythattheywillbespentwastefully
andwillleavenewproblemsbehind,justliketherailroadsandthehighways.
Themoneysetasideinnegotiatedtrade?
offsandtheinstitutionsthatcontrolitwillshapethe
Westfarbeyondtheimmediatefootprintofpower
plantsandtransmissionlines.Solet'sremembertheeffectsoftherailroadsandthehighwaysaswe
constructthesenewpowerplantsinthewest.
1.Whatisthemajorconcerninthedevelopmentofalternativeenergyaccordingtothelasttwoparagraphs?
A.Thetransmissionofpower.
B.Theuseofmoneyandpower.
C.Theconservationofsolarenergy.
D.Theselectionofanidealplace.
解析:
主旨大意题。
文章或段落的主题作者往往会反复论述。
根据文章倒数第二段The21stcentury
developmentoftheAmericanWestasanidealplaceforalternativeenergyisgoing
tothrowoffalotofpowerandmoneyintheregion.Therearechancesforthatpowerandmoney
todoalotofgood.不难看出powerandmoney是其主要关注的问题,因此B项正确。
答案:
B
2.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?
A.HowtheRailwaysHaveAffectedtheWest.
B.HowSolarEnergyCouldReshapetheWest.
C.HowtheEffectsofPowerPlantsCanBeReduced.
D.HowtheProblemsoftheHighwaysHaveBeenSettled.
解析:
选择标题——考查主旨大意的方法之一。
文章的标题是中心思想最精炼的表达形式,它短小、
恰当且醒目。
通读全文,特别是从文章首句我们不难看出本文主要讲述美国西部建设中存在的电力
问题以及在西部建造太阳能发电站的可行性问题,故B项为最佳选项。
答案:
B
误区警示:
对于主旨大意题,我们要准确地把握短文的主要内容,既不能以局部细节代替全部,也
不能表达得太宽泛或涵盖范围过大,贴切准确是最主要的。
比如选择标题性题目,我们可以采用逆
向思维法去验证,即通过你选的题目,能否想到本文的主要内容。
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
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