北京学位英语试题.docx

北京学位英语试题.docx

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北京学位英语试题

2010年4月北京学位英语试题及答案  

PartIReadingComprehension（30%） 

　　Directions:

Therearethreepassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.

　　Passage1 

　　Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

　　Themulti-billion-dollarWesternpopmusicindustryis underfire.ItisbeingblamedbytheUnitedNationsforthedramaticriseindrugabuseworldwide,"Themostworryingdevelopmentisacultureofdrug-friendliness,"saystheUN'sInternationalNarcoticsControlBoardinareportreleasedlastyear.

　　The74-pagestudysaysthepopmusic,asaglobalindustry,isbyfarthemostinfluentialtrend-setterforyoungpeopleofmostcultures."Somesongsencouragepeopletotakedrugs. （78）Certainpopstarsmakestatementsandsetexamplesasiftheuseofdrugsfornon-medicinalpurposeswereanormalandacceptablepartofaperson'slifestyle,"thestudysays.

　　Surprisingly,saystheBoard,theeffectofdrug-friendlypopmusicseemstosurvivedespitetheoccasionalshockofdeathbyoverdose（过量用药）."Suchincidentsendtobeseenasanoccasiontomourn（哀悼）thelossofarolemodel,andnotanopportunitytofacethedeadlyeffectofdruguse,"itnotes.Sincethe1970s,severalinternationallyfamoussingerandmoviestars—includingElvisPresley,JaniceJophlin,JohnBelushi,JimiHendrix,JonathanMelvinandAndyGibbs—havediedofeitherdrugabuseordrugrelatedillnesses.Withtheglobalizationofpopularmusic,messagespromotingdrugabusearenowreachingbeyondtheircountriesoforigin."Inmostcountries,thenamesofcertainpopstarshavebecomefamiliartothemembersofeveryhousehold,"thestudysays.

　　TheUNstudyalsoblamesthemediaforitsdescriptionofcertaindrugincidents,whichencouragesratherthanpreventsdrugabuse."Overthepastyears,wehaveseenhowdrugabuseisincreasinglyregardedasbeingacceptableorevenattractive,"saysHamidGhodse,presidentoftheBoard."Powerfulpressuregroupsrunpoliticalcampainsaimedatlegalizingcontrolleddrugs,"hesays.Ghodsealsopointsoutthatallthesedevelopmentshavecreatedanenvironmentwhichistolerant（容忍的）oforevenfavorabletodrugabuseandspoilsinternationaldrugpreventioneffortscurrentlyunderway.

　　Thestudyfocusesondemandreductionandpreventionwithinanenvironmentthathasbecometolerantofdrugabuse.TheBoardcallsongovernmentstodotheirlegalandmoralduties,andtoactagainstthepro-drug（赞成吸毒）messagesoftheyouthculturetowhichyoungpeopleincreasinglyarebeingexposed.

　　1.Whichofthefollowingstatementsdoestheauthortendtoagreewith?

　　A.Theuseofdrugsfornon-medicinalpurposesisanacceptablepartofaperson'slifestyle. 

　　B.Thespreadingofpopmusicmaycausedrugabusetobeyondcountryboundaries. 

　　C.Noeffortshavebeenmadetopreventthespreadingofdrugabuse. 

　　D.Governmentshavenoabilityatactagainstthepro-drugmessagesoftheyouthculture.

　　2.Theexpression"underfire"inthefirstparagraphmeans________. 

　　A.inanurgentsituation 

　　B.facingsomeproblems 

　　C.beingcriticized 

　　D.introuble

　　3.Fromthethirdparagraph,welearnthattheyouth________. 

　　A.tendtomournthepopstarswhodiedofoverdoseasrolemodes 

　　B.areshockedtoknowevenpopstarsmayabusedrugs 

　　C.trytofacethedeadlyeffectofdruguse 

　　D.maystopabusingdrugs

　　4.Whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedastolerantofdrugabuse?

　　A.Thespreadingofpopmusic. 

　　B.Themedia. 

　　C.Politicalcampaignsrunbypowerfulpressuregroups. 

　　D.Thelowpriceofsomedrugs.

　　5.Accordingtothepassage,popmusic________ 

　　A.hasagreatinfluenceonyoungpeopleofmostcultures 

　　B.attractsasmallnumberofyoungpeople 

　　C.isnotaprofitableindustry 

　　D.isaloneresponsiblefordrugabuse

　　Passage2 

　　Questions 6to 10arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

　　Therearemanyolderpeopleintheworldandtherewillbemanymore.Alittle-knownfactisthatover60percentoftheolderpeopleliveindevelopingcountries.AccordingtotheWorldHealthOrganization,by2020therewillbe1billion,withover700millionlivingindevelopingcountries.

　　Itisasurprisingfactthatthepopulationageingisparticularlyrapidindevelopingcountries.Forexample,ittookFrance115yearsfortheproportionofolderpeopletodoublefrom7percentto14percent.ItisestimatedtotakeChinaamere27yearstoachievethissameincrease.

　　Whataretheimplicationsoftheseincreasednumbersofolderfolk?

 （76）Oneofthebiggestworriesforgovernmentsisthatthelongerpeoplelive,themorelikelihoodthereisfordiseasesandfordisability（残疾）. Attentionisbeingpaidtotheneedtokeeppeopleashealthyaspossible,includingduringoldage,tolessenthefinancialburdenonthestate.

　　（77）Anothersignificantproblemistheneedfortheyoungergenerationstounderstandandvaluetheolderpeopleintheirsociety. InsomeAfricancountries,certainlyinAsia,olderpeoplearerespectedandregardedastheoneswithspecialknowledge.Yettraditionsarefadingawaydaily,whichdoesnotensurethecontinuedhighregardofolderpeople.Associetychanges,attitudeswillchange.

　　Muchneedstobedonetogetridofagediscrimination（歧视）inemployment.Life-longlearningprogramsneedtobeprovidedtoenableolderpeopletobeactivemembersinacountry'sdevelopment.

　　Socialsecuritypoliciesneedtobeestablishedtoprovideadequateincomeprotectionforolderpeople.Bothpublicandprivateschemesarevitalinordertobuildasuitablesafetynet.

　　6.Theproportionofolderpeople________. 

　　A.isbiggerindevelopedcountriesthanindevelopingcountries 

　　B.isone-seventhofthepopulationindevelopingcountries 

　　C.willincreasemuchfasterinChinathaninFrance 

　　D.willbesixtypercentindevelopingcountriesby2020

　　7.Accordingtopassage,whichofthefollowingaregovernmentsmostworriedabout?

　　A.Thediseasesanddisabilityofolderpeople. 

　　B.Thelongerlifeandgoodhealthofpeople. 

　　C.Thelossoftaxesonolderpeople. 

　　D.Theincreasingrespectforolderpeople.

　　8.Itisstateddirectlyinthepassagethatolderpeopleshould________. 

　　A.betreateddifferentlyindifferentcultures 

　　B.enjoyasimilarlifestyle 

　　C.beignoredassocietychanges 

　　D. bevaluedbytheyongergenerations

　　9.WhichofthefollowingmeasureisNOTmentionedtosolvethepopulationageingproblem?

　　A.Gettingridofagediscriminationinemployment. 

　　B.Ensuringadequateincomeprotectionforolderpeople. 

　　C.Ensuringadequateincomeprotectionforolderpeople. 

　　D.Providingfreehealthcareforsickolderpeople. 

　　E.Supplyinglife-longlearningprogramstoolderpeople.

　　10.Theauthorconcludesinthelastparagraphthat________. 

　　A.governmentshavespentlotsoftimeinsolvingtheageingproblem 

　　B.populationageingisahardproblem,butitneedstobesolvedurgently 

　　C.peoplearetoobusytosolvethepopulationageingproblem 

　　D.muchtimeandeffortwillbelostinsolvingtheageingproblem

　　Passage3 

　　Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

　　（79）Extensivenewstudiessuggestthattheworldhasmadeextraordinaryprogressinreducingpovertyinrecentdecades. Theresearchsuggeststhatthepaceofeconomicprogresshasbeenrapidandcontinuedfordecades,builtonthefoundationsofrelativepoliticalstability,risingtrade,andeconomicliberalization（自由化）aftertwoworldwars.Onenewstudy,publishedrecentlybytheInstituteforInternationalEconomicsinWashington,findthattheproportionofthe6.1billionpeopleintheworldwholiveon$1adayorlessshrankfrom63percentin1950to35percentin1980and12percentin1999.bysomeothermeasures,theprogresshasbeenmoremodest.Still,economistsagreethatpovertyhasplungedinkeynationssuchasIndiaandespeciallyChina,thankstoslowingpopulationgrowthaswellaseconomicfreedom."Thisisahugesuccessfortheworldasawhole,"saysHarvardUniversityeconomistRichardCooper."Wearedoingsomethingright."

　　ThenewscomesastheWorldBankisabouttoopenitsannualmeetinginWashington-aneventthathasbeentroubledinrecentyearsbyproteststhattheBankanditssisterInstitution,theInternationalMonetaryFund（IMF国际货币组织），havedonetoolittlefortheworld'spoor. （80）Theneweconomicresearchwillnotputanendtothatdispute. Vastpopulationsremainpoor,andmanystillquestionthewisdomofWorldBankpolicies.Nonetheless,theresearchfindingsarehelpfultounderstandwhatpoliciesshouldbefollowedbythoseinstitutionsandhundredsofotherdevelopmentgroupsworkingveryhardtohastenthepaceofworldeconomicprogress.Ifdramaticgainsareunderway,thepresentpolicies-callingforopenmarkets,freebusinessactivities,andtightmonetarycontrol-areworkingandcorrect.

　　ButcriticsofIMFandWorldBankpoliciesmaintainthatsucheconomicsuccessstoriesasJapan,China,SouthKoreaandSingaporearerootedinmorethanjust"free"markets.Thesenationshavemanagedtogrowrapidly,andtherebyreducepoverty,bylimitingimportswhentheirdomesticindustrieswereyoung,pushingexportstorichnations,andputtingcontrolsonpurelyinternationalfinancialflows.Thehavebeenopentoforeign-ownedfactoriesbuthaveofteninsistedthatthoseinvestorssharetheknowledgeandskillonmoderntechnologies.

　　11.Theword"plunged"inthefirstparagraphmeans________. 

　　A.decreasedB.climbedC.increasedD.