200米以下高层办公建筑立面体系研究计划绿地.docx
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200米以下高层办公建筑立面体系研究计划绿地.docx
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200米以下高层办公建筑立面体系研究计划绿地
200米以下高层办公建筑立面体系研究计划
一、研发目标及内容
针对近年来国内外高层办公建筑的立面设计,梳理出不同类别的高层办公建筑立面体系,以期总结积累典型立面风格,在集团新建高层办公建筑中得以借鉴和利用。
二、研究对象
研究对象初步分为两大部分:
100m以下的高层办公建筑
100m-200m的超高层办公建筑
三、研究体系框架
1)按功能分类:
纯办公、SOHO、酒店式公寓、酒店
分类原则:
依据办公建筑使用功能的不同来归类与总结
分类目的:
研究不同功能对立面设计产生的影响
关键词:
功能
2)按风格分类:
古典、简约古典、现代、高技
分类原则:
依据办公建筑的立面设计风格取向来归类与总结
分类目的:
研究不同立面风格对建筑品质和客户群体年龄层的影响
关键词:
品质、客户群体年龄层
3)按材质分类:
石材、玻璃、金属板、其他
分类原则:
依据办公建筑主要立面材质的不同来归类与总结
分类目的:
研究不同材质对立面气质与工程造价的影响
关键词:
成本
4)按立面肌理分类:
单元式、渐变式、随机式
分类原则:
依据办公建筑立面设计所体现的不同肌理模式来归类与总结
分类目的:
研究不同肌理模式与平面的对应关系及对功能使用的影响
关键词:
肌理、功能与立面对应关系
5)新技术立面分类:
生态技术、镀膜玻璃新科技等
分类原则:
依据办公建筑使用的新技术应用所体现立面特殊效果来归类与总结
分类目的:
研究新技术手段给建筑立面带来的新活力
关键词:
新技术
四、研究成果要求
1)成果内容
方向确定阶段:
搭建基本研究框架,收集大量国内外案例,初步分类整理案例,形式为文本文件及图片文件,时间为4月6日—4月15日;
成果收集及研究阶段:
根据框架体系筛选案例,深入剖析案例,充实研究框架,形成中期成果,形式为PPT,时间为4月16日—5月13日;
成果总结阶段:
对研究阶段中的要点进行总结及归纳,形成最终成果,形式以PPT或PDF为主,时间为5月14日—5月27日。
2)进度安排
Ø4.15-4.22立面资料收集(以100-200m为主)
Ø4.23-4.29立面资料分析整理(以100-200m为主)
Ø4.29-5.6立面资料补充收集(以100m以下为主)
Ø5.7-5.13立面资料分析整理(以100m以下为主)
Ø5.14-5.20一次统稿整理
Ø5.21-5.27二次统稿整理
3)成果形式
成果以文本形式提交,图文并茂。
工作例会每阶段进行一次,以PPT形式汇报。
五、研发团队
研发团队由绿地集团与水石公司双方组成,绿地集团以技发部为归口代表团队,由技发部商业中心与东部区域中心负责,水石公司由水石建筑公司创作研发中心为代表,由研发所长孙乐牵头。
研究案例示意
ManitobaHydro/KPMBArchitects
©PaulHultberg
Architects:
KuwabaraPayneMcKennaBlumbergArchitects (DesignArchitects) / SmithCarterArchitects+Engineers (ExecutiveArchitects) / Transsolar (ClimateEngineers)
Location:
Winnipeg,Manitoba, Canada
ProjectTeam:
BruceKuwabara,LuigiLaRocca,JohnPeterson,KaelOpie,LucyTimbers,GlennMacMullin,RamonJaner,JavierUribe,TaymooreBalbaa,StevenCasey,ClementineChang,ChuDongzhu,VirginiaDosReis,AndrewDyke,OmarGandhi,BettinaHerz,EricHo,TanyaKeigan,StevenKopp,JohnLee,NormLi,EricJohnson,AndreaMacaroun,RobMicacchi,LaurenPoon,RachelStecker,MattStorus,RichardUnterthiner,DustinValen,FrancescoValente-Gorjup,MarnieWilliams,WilliamWilmotte,PauloZasso
ArchitectsofRecord:
SmithCarterArchitectsandEngineers
Client:
ManitobaHydro
ProjectArea:
64,590sqm
ProjectYear:
2009
Photographs:
GerryKopelow, PaulHultberg, EduardHueber
ManitobaHydroisthemajorenergyutilityintheProvinceofManitoba,thefourthlargestenergyutilityin Canada andofferssomeofthelowestelectricityratesintheworld.Ownedbytheprovincialgovernment,nearlyallofitselectricitycomesfromself-renewingwaterpower.Itsnewheadquarterstower,ManitobaHydroPlace,isthefirstofthenextgenerationofsustainablebuildingsintegratingtime-testedenvironmentalconceptsinconjunctionwithadvancedtechnologiestoachievea“livingbuilding”thatdynamicallyrespondstothelocalclimate.
LocatedindowntownWinnipeg,thecityisknownforitsextremeclimate,withtemperaturesthatfluctuatefrom-35ºC(-31ºF)to+34ºC(95ºF)overtheyear.The64,500m²(695,000ft²)toweristargetinglessthan100kWh/m²/acomparedto400kWh/m²/aforatypicallargescaleNorthAmericanofficetowerlocatedinamoretemperateclimate.Thearchitecturalsolutionclearlyrespondstotheclient’svision,andreliesonpassivefreeenergywithoutcompromisetodesignqualityand,mostimportantly,humancomfort.
©PaulHultberg
Thestreetaddress,360PortageAvenue,encapsulatesthethree-hundredandsixtydegreeapproachoftheformalIntegratedDesignProcess(IDP)mandatedbytheclienttoachievetheobjectivesof60%energysavings,supportiveworkplace,urbanrevitalization,signaturearchitectureandcosteffectiveness.Thesitewasstrategicallyselectedbecauseover95%ofthebusroutespassthisaddress,includingroutestosuburbanWinnipegwhere80%ofManitobaHydroemployeeslive.TheIDPprocesswasgreatlyenhancedbyextensivecomputermodelingusinglocalwind,sunandtemperaturedatatoevaluatedesignoptions.Thebuildingisalreadyprojectedtooutperformitsoriginalenergygoalby64%orhigher.
diagram02
Dubbedan‘OpenBook’bycitizensofWinnipeg,thetowerdesignformsacapital‘A’composedoftwo18-storeytwinofficetowerswhichrestonastepped,three-storey,street-scaledpodium.ThetowersconvergeatthenorthandsplayopentothesouthformaximumexposuretotheabundantsunlightandconsistentlyrobustsoutherlywindsuniquetoWinnipeg’sclimate.ThepodiumincludesapubliclyaccessibleGalleriatooffercitizensashelteredpedestrianroutethroughthefullcityblock.Narrowfloorplatesandtallfloor-to-ceilingglazingallowsunlighttopenetrateintothecore.Adoublefaçadecurtain-wallsystemmadeoflow-ironglassformsaonemetre(threefoot)widebufferzone.Itiscomprisedofadouble-glazedouterwallandasingle-glazedinnerwallwhichinsulatesthebuildingagainstheatandcold.Automatedlouvreshadescontrolglareandheatgainwhileradiantslabsactasaninternalheatexchangewiththegeothermalfield.
A115metre(377foot)tallsolarchimneymarksthenorthelevationandmainentranceonPortageAvenue,andestablishesaniconicpresenceforManitobaHydroontheskyline.Thesolarchimneyisakeyelementinthepassiveventilationsystemwhichreliesonthenaturalstackeffect.Thechimneydrawsusedairoutofthebuildingduringtheshoulderseasonsandsummermonths.Inwinter,exhaustairisdrawntothebottomofthesolarchimneybyfans,andheatrecoveredfromthisexhaustairisusedtowarmtheparkadeandtopreheattheincomingcoldairinthesouthatria.
diagram01
©EduardHueber
IncontrasttoconventionalNorthAmericanofficebuildingswhichuserecirculatedair,ManitobaHydroPlaceisfilledwith100%freshair,24hoursaday,yearround,regardlessofoutsidetemperatures.Withinthesplayofthetwotowers,aseriesofthree,six-storeysouthatria,orwintergardens,formthelungsofthebuilding,drawinginoutsideairandpre-conditioningitbeforeitenterstheworkspacesthroughadjustableventsintheraisedfloor.Dependingontheseason,a24metretallwaterfallfeatureineachoftheatriahumidifiesordehumidifiestheincomingair.Duringcoldertemperatures,recoveredheatfromexhaustair,andpassivesolarradiantenergyareusedtowarmthefreshair.Theconditionedairisdrawnthroughtheraisedfloorsintotheofficespacesthroughunderfloorfanunits.Buildingoccupants,computersandothersourcesofheatcausetheairtorise,whichisthendrawnnorthandexhaustedbythesolarchimney.Intheshoulderseasons,thebuildingreliessolelyonoutdoorfreshairthroughtheuseofautomaticandmanuallyoperatedwindows.
ManitobaHydroPlacealsohasthelargestclosedloopgeothermalsystemintheprovince.280boreholes,each150mm(6”)indiameter,penetratethesite125metres(400ft.)underground,circulatingglycolwhichiscooledinthesummerandheatedinthewinterbythegroundsourceheatexchanger.Wateriscirculatedthroughtheheatexchangeranddistributedthroughthermalmassoftheconcretestructurewhichinturnheatsorcoolsthespaceconsistently.
diagram03
Manuallyoperatedwindowsontheinteriorcurtainwall,combinedwiththeautomatedexteriorwallventscontrolledbytheBuildingManagementSystem,allowemployeestocontroltheirindividualenvironment.ThiselementaldetailreflectsManitobaHydro’scommitmenttothewell-beingofitsemployees,aswellastoitsgoalsforimprovedproductivityandreducedabsenteeism.Workstationsandglassenclosedmeetingspacesareorganizedintoneighborhoodsaroundeachatriumtosupportindividualandteam-centredworkprocesses.Inboththenorthandsouthatria,interconnectingstairspromotephysicalactivity,reducerelianceonelevatorsandprovideopportunitiesforinteractionbetweendivisions.Thepodiumrooftopsfeaturedeepsoilintensivegreenroofsandaccessibleterraces,creatingalushlandscapedoutdooramenityforemployees,whilealsoreducingstormwaterrunoffandprovidingadditionalthermalinsulation.Areflectivecoatingonthetowerrooftopsreducesthesummerseasoncoolingloadandtheurbanheatislandeffect.
©EduardHueber
ManitobaHydroisasinvestedincreatingasupportiveworkplaceandrevitalizingWinnipeg’sdowntownasitisinachievingenergysavingsandsignaturearchitecture.Thebuildingconnectstothecity’selevatedshelteredpedestriannetwork.Intheformerheadoffice,locatedinthesuburbsofWinnipeg,95%oftheemployeesdrovetoworkalone.Inanticipationofthetransition,ManitobaHydrosecuredanumberofparkingstallsdowntown.Atthesametime,itcreatedvariousincentives,includingcorporateparticipationintheTransitEcoPassprogramtoencourageemployeeuseofpublictransit.Sixmonthsaftermovingintothenewbuilding,morethan50%ofrelocatedemployeesareleavingtheircarsathome.AsaresultManitobaHydrohasbeenabletoreduceitsparkingspotsandhasobservedafive-foldincreaseinemployeeuseofpublictransitcomparedtothepreviousyear.Qualitatively,employeesarereportingthattheyareenjoyingtimegainedtoreadandsocializewithcolleagues.
©EduardHueber
Withavestedinterestinthedowntown,leasingopportunitiesinthebasebuildingarelimitedinanefforttostimulatethesupportoflocalbusinesses,andtoencouragestafftoexperiencetheircity.Restaurantsandbarsarealreadyreportingatremendousincreaseinrevenueasaresultoftheinfluxofover1600Hydroemployeestothearea.
Ultimately,ManitobaHydroPlacesetsaprecedentfortheseamlessintegrationofarchitecturalexcellenceandclimateresponsive,energyefficientandsustainabledesignwhileenhancingandimprovingthequalityandcomfortofthehumanexperienceandthecivilityofurbanlife.
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