词汇讲解笔记.docx
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词汇讲解笔记.docx
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词汇讲解笔记
词汇讲解
时间:
Apr5,2009
老师:
林建强
MBA英语考试要求与题型:
1.词汇:
大纲要求掌握5800个单词及1200个词条。
主要有类考察方式(难词题、近义词、形似词、常用短语、短语动词、习惯搭配)
2.Cloze:
主要考察考生对上下文语义理解、词的搭配、语法结构(时态、从句、非谓语动词、连词等)
3.Readingcomprehension:
文章内容主要涉及社会、伦理、科学、经贸、教育等。
该部分分数比重大,是考试的关键。
4.Translation:
该部分有两种方式:
一是翻译5句划线句子;二是翻译约150字的短文。
5.Writing:
主要是提纲作文。
题型有三类:
说明文、应用文、图标作文。
一、词汇测试的六大种类
1.难词辨认(直接选择法、排除法、构词法)
A、WilliamPenn,thefounderofPennsylvania,___defendtherightofeverycitizentofreedomofchoiceinreligion.
a.peculiarlyb.indifferentlyc.vigorouslyd.inevitably
B、Thefindingspaintauniquepictureoftheshoppinghabitsofcustomers,plustheirmotivationand________.
a.privilegesb.possibilitiesc.possessionsd.preferences
2.近义词辨析(注重平时积累,从词之间的用法差异来区分)
A、Thepriceofbeer______from50centsto$4perliterduringthesummerseason.
a.alteredb.rangedc.separatedd.differed
B、People’sexpectationsaboutthefuturemayhavemoreinfluenceontheirsenseofwell-beingthantheir________statedoes.
a.currentb.primitivec.modernd.initial
3.近似词辨认
A、Hetwocountriesachievedsomeprogressinthesphereoftraderelations,traditionallyasourceof_______irritation.
a.mutualb.optionalc.neutrald.parallel
B.IntheU.S.88percentofsmokershadstartedbeforetheywere18,despitethefactthatitis________tosellcigarettestoanyoneunderthatage.
a.liableb.liberalc.irrationald.illegal
4.固定搭配
A.Iwas________thepointoftelephoninghimwhenhisletterarrived.
a.tob.onc.atd.in
B.Memberstateshadtheoptionalto_______fromthisagreementwithoneyear’snotice.
a.denyb.objectc.suspectd.withdraw
5.短语动词
A.Computertechnologywill_____arevolutioninbusinessadministration.
a.bringaboutb.setasidec.runacrossd.putaway
B.Whenherealizedthepolicehadspottedhim,theman______theexitassoonaspossible.
a.madeofb.madeforc.madeoutd.madeup
6.常用短语
A.Jenniferhasneverreally _______herson'sdeath.It'sveryhardtoacceptthefactthatshe'llneverhaveachild.
a.cometotermswith(接受事实)b.comeupagainst(遇到反对)
c.comeoutwith=comeupwith d.comedownto(可归结为)
B.WhenIgotthere,Isaw______theoldandthesickathome.
a.nonebutb.nothingbutc.noneotherthand.nootherthan
二、如何掌握词汇
1、用音、形、意记忆法来记词汇
a.音
Ponderous[发音]“胖得要死”[词义]笨重的
Sting[发音]“死叮”[词义]蜇,咬
Robust[发音]“乐百氏”[词义]强壮的
Illuming[发音]“一路明”[词义]点亮,照亮
Numerous[发音]”牛没老死”[词义]许多,大量
Thermosbottle[发音]“善摩师”[词义]保温瓶
Feeble[发音]“非薄”[词义]脆弱的,易受伤害的
Hustleandbustle[发音]黑手+白手[词义]熙熙攘攘
Anchor[发音]“安可”:
安上即可[词义]驻扎,抛锚
Decay[发音]底开:
底都开裂了[词义]坏了,烂了
b.形
Flap(clap,slap)f=飞lap=拍打[词义]拍动翅膀
Rearr=手ear=耳朵[词义]抚养
Hill=山坡
Broom扫帚
MonkMonkey
C.意
Includein=里面clude=close关在里面–--包括
Exposeex=外面pose=摆姿势“放在外面”[词义]暴露、揭露composecom=together
Transporttrans=两头port=搬运[词义]运输transplant,transform,import,export
Blackboard黑+板
Expectex=outspect=look
circumspectcircum=around
prospectpro=forward
retrospectretro=backward
respectinspect
Audienceaudi=hearaudible
Visitvis=seevisiblevisionvisual
2.用联想法来记词汇
Bear---stand---endure---tolerate---livewith---putupwith---catchupwith---comeupwith---keepupwith
Insiston---persistin---holdon---hangon---clingto---adhereto---stickto
Atall--allatonce--allinall--aboveall--firstofall--afterall--inall--forall
Fully---totally---definitely---completely---thoroughly
Approach---way---means---method
Correct---accurate---precise---exact
Acquire---attain---achieve---gain---obtain---get
Adapt---adjust---regulate
Amaze---surprise---shock---astound---stun---startle---astonish
Anticipate---expect---predict---estimate
Participate(in)---takepartin---joinin---bepresent(at)---enterfor
Ancestor---forefather---descendent---offspring
Apartment---house---condo---villa---flat
Mansion---cottage---towel---hotel---motel---botel---inn---bungalow
Appoint任命---name---nominate---entitle
Assess评估---evaluate---appraise
Restore---recover---refresh---renew---resume
Hand---onhand手头上---byhand手工制作---inhand待办理---athand在手边,靠近
Awful---dreadful---fearful---afraid---terrible---horrible---frightened--panic
Bare---empty---blank---vacant---hollow
Bore---exhaust---tireout
Typhoon---hurricane---tornado---gale---storm---gust---breeze
Servant---assistant---bodyguard---civil(public)servant---helper---housekeeper---babysitter---slave
Store---baker’s---butcher’s---departmentstore---grocer’s---shoppingmall---stall(摊位)---supermarket
Shout---cheer---roar---scream---yell
Silly---stupid---foolish---senseless---absurd---illogical--ridiculous
Sleep---doze---nap---snooze---hibernate---rest
Steal---burgle---cheat---kidnap---pilfer(小偷小摸)---rob---shoplift---pickpocket
Stranger---alien---foreigner---newcomer---outsider---refugee---immigrant---emigrant
Carry---convey---bring---collect---ferry---move---shift---relay---ship---transfer---transport
Pile---heap---stack
Handle---dealwith---copewith---tackle
take---bring---fetch---drive---fly---deliver---transport
client---patient---customer---traveler---tourist---passenger
Well-dressed---fashionable---scruffy---match---fit---tight---loose
Dress---blouse---shirt---skirt---pant---trouser---suit---cardigan---pull-over
3.用拼写归类法来记词汇
Assist---consist---insist---persist---resist
Attain---detain---entertain---obtain---retain---sustain
Appeal---conceal---deal---feel---heal---heel---kneel---meal---peel---real---
reveal---seal---steal
Access---excess---process---success
Assure---ensure---insure
At---bat---cat---fat---flat---hat---lat---mat---pat---rat----sat---that
Behalf---graph---paragraph---photograph---telegraph
Beam---cream---dream---extreme---scheme---scream---team---theme
Cease--decrease--geese--increase---lease---niece---peace---piece---release
Beat---cheat---defeat---eat---great---heat---meat---neat---retreat---seat---treat---wheat
Achieve---believe---grieve---relieve---conceive---deceive---heave---leave---perceive---receive
Affect---architect---collect---correct---detect---direct---effect---elect---eject---erect---expect---infect---inspect---neglect---object---project---protect---reflect---reject---respect---select---subject---suspect
Blink---clink---drink---ink---link---pink---shrink---sink---think
Bright---fight---flight---fright---height---light---might---night---right---slight---tight---upright
Alive--arrive--deprive---derive---dive---drive---revive---survive---thrive
Bold--cold--fold--gold---hold---old---scold---unfold---uphold---withhold
Close---dose---gross---compose---enclose---expose---impose---nose---oppose---propose---rose---suppose---those
Deduce--induce--introduce---produce---reduce---abuse---excuse---misuse
4.用词的特殊含义来记词汇
•monometerdimeter,trimemter,
tetrameter,pentameter,hexameter,
heptameter,octameter,nonameter,
centimeter
mono-表示“单一、单独”如:
monotone单调monologue独白
di-表示“双、成对”如:
dialogue对话
cent-表示“百”如:
century世纪
•thermometer,photometer
三、常混淆的单词
1.Lengthen;prolong;extend
lengthen指延长长度prolong主要指时间延长extend指空间的延伸
2.Reject;refuse;decline;turndown
Reject+nrefuse+todecline+toturndown
3.Bare;empty;blank;vacant;hollow
Bare光秃秃的,无装饰empty里面空的blank空白的,没写过的vacant空缺的hollow空心
4.Ignore;neglect;overlook
Ignore有意识的忽略,不予理睬neglect没有注意到而忽略overlook忽略细节
5.Doubt(feeluncertainabout);suspect(thinklikely)
6.Postpone;delay;setback
Postpone推迟,延期(相当于putoff)delay耽误,延误setback使……受挫折,倒退
7.Possible;likely;probable;feasible
Possible;likely;probable;都表示可能feasible则表示可行。
而Possible和probable用于物,而likely则用于人
8.Accurate;exact
Accurate准确exact确切
9.Correct;revise;modify;
Correct纠正revise强调重新组织modify侧重润色之意
10.Accident;event;matter;issue;affair;incident
Accident意外事故event大事matter普通的事情issue热门话题affair国家大事/用于个人表示私事incident琐碎的事情
11.Contribute;devote;dedicate
Contribute因发挥一定作用而作出贡献devote+to;dedicate+to此外,donate表示捐献个人之物
12.Respectable;respectful;respective
Respectable受人尊重的,体面的,属被动respectful尊敬的,属主动respective各自的
13.Imaginary;imaginable;imaginative
Imaginary想象的imaginable可想象的imaginative有想象的,富于想象力的
14.Rise;arise;raise;arouse
Rise;arise;都是不及物动词,前者表示上升、起升;后者表示(抽象概念的)出现raise;arouse都是及物动词,前者表抬高,提出;后者表唤起
15.Affect;effect
Affect(直接的)影响,动词effect名词表示“影响,效果”,动词表执行,实施
16.Assure;ensure;insure
Assure+of/that向…保证ensure确保insure保险
17.remember;remind;recall,keepinmind,bearinmind,learnbyheart
remembertodosomething/rememberdoingsomething
remind由某物而想起recall回忆keepinmind,bearinmind都表牢记learnbyheart背诵
18.lie;lie;lay
lie—lied---lied---lying说谎
lie---lay---lain---lying躺、位于
lay---laid---laid---laying放
19.reward;award
reward奖励,给予回报award授予……奖品
20.adapt;adopt
adapt+to使……适应;改写adopt收养;采纳
21.accomplish;complete;finish;fulfill
accomplish成功实现complete强调动作的完整性finish强调动作的结束fulfill完成指标
22.bother;disturb;interrupt;interfere
disturb+tointerrupt插话interfere+with干涉
23.habit;custom;hobby;routine
hobby个人爱好routine常规
24.mood;temper
mood心情temper脾气
25.shade;shadow
shade和shadow都表示影子,但shade是无形状的影子,而shadow是有形状的
26.benefit;profit;interest
benefit利益、好处profit利润(margin也表示利润)interest利息
27.revenue;income;salary;wages;pay;dividend;pension
revenue;income;salary年薪wages蓝领工资pay付款dividend红利pension养老金
28.live;alive;living;lively
live(读{laiv}时表示活生生的,直播;读{li:
v}时表示生活)alive系表动词,不能置于名词前,多用于名词或者be动词后living形容词,作定语lively副词,活跃地
29.forbid;prohibit;ban
forbidsomebodytodosomething
prohibit+from用政策、法规来禁止
ban严格禁止
30.charge;accuse;
charge+with
accuse+of
31.like;unlike;dislike;alike;likely
like动词表示喜欢(反义词dislike),介词表示像(反义词unlike)
alike相象
likely可能的
32.pace;speed;rate;rhythm;ratio
pace步伐
speed速度
rate比例
rhythm节奏
ratio比率theratioofAtoB
33.change;alter;vary;range
change全部改变alter局部改变vary随…
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