高考英语阅读理解全程提升训练1.docx
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高考英语阅读理解全程提升训练1.docx
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高考英语阅读理解全程提升训练1
2014高考英语阅读理解全程提升训练
(1)及答案
【2014界河北省衡水中学二模】B
“NowIjustdon’tbelievethat.”Surelyallofus,atsomepoint,havewatchedamovieandthought:
It’ssimplybadlyresearched,or,themakersmustthinkwe’refools.
Ifmovieswerecompletelyscientificallyaccurate,they’dprobablybeasinterestingasaPhysics101lecture.Inreallife,therearenoexplosionsinspace,gasusuallydoesn’texplodefromalitcigarette,andBruceWillis/JackieChan/WillSmithwouldmostlikelybeinacoma(昏迷)aftergettingkickedinthehead.
Recently,theBritishnewspaperTheDailyTelegraphranahumorouspieceonunconvincingtechmomentsfromsometopmovies.Let’sseewhattheyareallabout.
TelegraphwriterTomChivers’firstexampleisfromtheend-of-the-worldmovieIndependenceDay,inwhichacharactercomesupwithaviruscapableofdestroyingWindows,thecomputersystemthealien(外星人的)spacecraftuses.“It’sagoodthingtheydidn’thaveNortonantivirus,”jokesChivers.
It’sjustonecaseofamoviethattakesalotoflicensewithitsscience.AnotheroneChiversmentionsisfromStarWars,whereglowingbeamsoflighttravelingthroughspacelookveryimpressive.Theproblemisthatinspacetherearenoairparticles(颗粒)forthelighttoreflectoff.Inreality,they’dnotbeseen,whichwouldn’tlooksocoolonthebigscreen.
Chivers’secondpieceofStarWarsnonsenseisthesoundthefightersmakeinthemovies:
“thebellow(咆哮)ofanelephantmixedwithacardrivingonawetroad”.Butsoundneedsamediumtotravelthrough,likeair.Inspace,therewouldn’tactuallybeanysoundatall.
Fewpeoplewoulddenythatthemind-bendingMatrixfilmsmakeforgreatviewing,butforChivers,thescienceinthemoviesisalittlesilly.
Andfinally:
asChiverspointsout,DANisnotreplaceable.Butthisbitofelementarygeneticspassedthemakersofthe2002BondfilmDieanotherDayby.Inthefilmthevillain(坏人)has“genetherapy”tochangehisappearanceandhisDNA,whichiscompletelyimpossible.
60.Whatdoesthetextmainlydealwith?
A.Plotsofsomefamousmovies.B.Charactersinspacemovies.
C.Popularityofspacemovies.D.Mistakesmadeinsomemovies.
61.Fromthefirsttwoparagraphswecanknowthatsomemoviemakers____.
A.wentagainstgeneralknowledgeofscience
B.didn’tpayattentiontotheviewers’realdemand
C.overestimatedviewers’appreciationofmovies.
D.didn’ttrytheirbesttoimprovethequalityofthemovies.
62.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”inParagraph3referto?
A.Thenewspapers.B.Unconvincingtechmoments.
C.Sometopmovies.D.Heroesinthemovies.
63.WecanlearnfromParagraph7that____.
A.mostpeoplelikeMatrixfilmsB.thetruthofMatrixfilmsremainsindoubt
C.fewpeoplethinkMatrixfilmssillyD.Chiversthinksscienceisunacceptable
【参考答案】60—63、DABA
科普常识类
(2013·浙江,B)Belowisaselectionfromapopularsciencebook.
Ifbloodisred,whyareveins(静脉)blue?
Actually,veinsarenotblueatall.Theyaremoreofaclear,yellowishcolour.Althoughbloodlooksredwhenit'soutsidethebody,whenit'ssittinginaveinnearthesurfaceoftheskin,it'smoreofadarkreddishpurplecolour.Attherightdepth,thesebloodfilledveinsreflectlessredlightthanthesurroundingskin,makingthemlookbluebycomparison.
Whichworksharder,yourheartoryourbrain?
Thatkindofdependsonwhetheryou'rebusythinkingorbusyexercising.Yourheartworksuptothreetimesharderduringexercise,andshiftsenoughbloodoveralifetimetofillasupertanker.But,inthelongrun,yourbrainprobablytipsit,becauseevenwhenyou'resittingstillyourbrainisusingtwiceasmuchenergyasyourheart,andittakesfourtofivetimesasmuchbloodtofeedit.
Whydoteethfallout,andwhydon'ttheygrowbackingrownups?
Baby(or“milk”)teethdonotlastlong;theyfallouttomakeroomforbigger,strongeradultteethlateron.Adultteethfalloutwhentheybecomedamaged,decayedandinfectedbybacteria.Oncethissecondsetofteethhasgrownin,you'redone.Whenthey'regone,they'regone.Thisisbecausenaturefiguresyou'resetforlife,andwhatcontrolsregrowthofyourteethswitchesoff.
Dooldpeopleshrinkastheyage?
Yesandno.Manypeopledogetshorterastheyage.But,whentheydo,itisn'tbecausethey'reshrinkingallover.Theysimplyloseheightastheirspine(脊柱)becomesshorterandmorecurvedduetodisuseandtheeffectsofgravity(重力).Many(butnotall)menandwomendoloseheightastheygetolder.Menloseanaverageof34cminheightastheyage,whilewomenmaylose5cmormore.Ifyoulivetobe200yearsold,wouldyoukeepshrinkingtillyouwere,like60cmtall,likealittleboyagain?
No,becauseoldpeopledon'treallyshrink!
Itisnotthattheyaregrowingbackwards—theirlegs,armsandbackbonesgettingshorter.Whentheydogetshorter,it'sbecausethespinehasshortenedalittle.Or,moreoften,becomemorebentandcurved.
Whydoesspinningmakeyoudizzy(眩晕的)?
Becauseyourbraingetsconfusedbetweenwhatyou'reseeingandwhatyou'refeeling.Thebrainsensesthatyou'respinningusingspecialgravityandmotionsensingorgansinyourinnerear,whichworktogetherwithyoureyestokeepyourvisionandbalancestable.But,whenyousuddenlystopspinningthesystemgoesoutofcontrol,andyourbrainthinksyou'removingwhileyou'renot!
Wheredofeelingsandemotionscomefrom?
Mostlyfromanancientpartofthebraincalledthelimbicsystem.Allmammalshavethisbrainarea—frommicetodogs,cats,andhumans.Soallmammalsfeelbasicemotionslikefear,painandpleasure.Butsincehumanfeelingsalsoinvolveother,newerbitsofthebrain,wefeelmorecomplexemotionsthananyotheranimalontheplanet.
Ifexercisewearsyouout,howcanitbegoodforyou?
Becauseourbodiesadapttoeverythingwedotothem.Andasfarasyourbodyisconcerned,it's“useit,orloseit”!
It'snotthatexercisemakesyouhealthy;it'smorethatalackofexerciseleavesyourbodyweakandeasilyaffectedbydisease.
1.Whatisthecolourofbloodinaveinnearthesurfaceoftheskin?
A.Blue.B.Lightyellow.
C.Red.D.Darkreddishpurple.
解析 细节理解题。
根据第一个标题下的“...it'smoreofadarkreddishpurplecolour.”可知答案。
答案 D
2.Whydosomeoldpeoplelookalittleshrunkenastheyage?
A.Becausetheirspineisinactiveuse.
B.Becausetheyaremoreeasilyaffectedbygravity.
C.Becausetheykeepgrowingbackwards.
D.Becausetheirspinebecomesmorebent.
解析 细节理解题。
根据第四个标题下的“Theysimplyloseheightastheirspine(脊柱)becomesshorterandmorecurvedduetodisuseandtheeffectsofgravity(重力).”可知,老年人变矮是因为脊柱收缩和弯曲造成的。
答案 D
3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutourbrainistrue?
A.Inthelongrun,ourbrainprobablyworksharderthanourheart.
B.Whenourbrainsensesthespinning,wewillfeeldizzy.
C.Thebrainsoftheothermammalsareascomplexasthoseofhumans.
D.Ourfeelingsandemotionscomefromthemostdevelopedareainourbrain.
解析 细节理解题。
根据第二个标题下的第三句“But,inthelongrun,yourbrain...”可知答案为A项。
此题最易误选B项,根据第五个标题下的最后一句可知,眩晕是由于“你已经不动了,而你的大脑认为你还在动”的错觉引起的。
答案 A
4.Whatisthemainpurposeoftheselection?
A.Togiveadviceonhowtostayhealthy.
B.Toprovideinformationaboutourbody.
C.Tochallengenewfindingsinmedicalresearch.
D.Toreportthelatestdiscoveriesinmedicalscience.
解析 写作意图题。
考生易误选D项,但是在医学领域,概括失误。
文章主要涉及我们身体的问题,包括身体的、情绪的等等。
故选择B项较全面。
答案 B
【2014界河北省衡水中学二模】C
Thisyear’sWorldFoodPrizewillhonortwoleadersofhunger-fightinggroupsbasedintheUnitedStates.ThewinnersareDavidBeckmannofBreadfortheWorldandJoLuckofHeiferInternational.Theywillsharetheprizeof250,000dollars.TheWorldFoodPrizeusuallygoestoresearchersortoppolicyofficials.Thisisthefirsttimeitwillrecognizetheworkofnongovernmentalgroups.
HeiferInternationalprovidesdonatedanimalsandtrainingtofarmersin50countries.JoLuckremainspresidentuntilnextyear.Underherleadership,thegroup’sbudgetgrewfromlessthan10,000,000dollarstomorethan130,000,000dollars.JoLuck,“Peoplepassontheirgiftsofnotjustanimalsbutalsogiftsoftrainingandleadership.Wehaveseencaseswherewehavebeengone5and10yearsandwegobackandtheyhavedevelopedroadsandbuiltschools,andtheyhaveothercommunitiesreceivingtheanimalsandthetraining.Youjustgivethemthoseresourcesandthattrainingandopportunity,andyoucannotholdthemback.”ShetoldthestoryofawomanfromapoorvillageinZimbabwe.AfamilymemberhelpedsendhertoschoolintheUnitedStateswithearningsfromadonatedmilkgoat.Shereceivedadoctoraldegree.JoLuck,“Thatiswhatagoatdid.Thatisoneexample.Theanimalisonlythecatalyst(催化剂).Thatisthebeginningofmanyotherthingsthatfollow.”
DavidBeckmannbecamepresidentofBreadfortheWorldin1991.HeisaneconomistandaChristianclergyman(牧师).BreadfortheWorldorganizespeoplefromreligiousandnon-religiousgroupstowrite,callandvisitmembersofCongress(国会).Thepurposeistosupportmeasurestoimprovethelivesofthepoor.DavidBeckmannpointstobigincreaseinAmericandevelopmentassistance.Hesaid,“IthinkthatwouldnothavehappenedwithoutthesupportofhundredsofthousandsofpeopleandchurchesthatarepartofBreadfortheWorldandthatkeepthepressureontheirmembersofCongress.”TheprizecommitteealsocreditedhiseffortswithhelpingtoincreaseaidtoneedyfamiliesintheUnitedStates.
64.TheWorldFoodPrizehonors________.
A.peoplewhofightagainsthunger
B.researchersortoppolicyofficials
C.peoplefromnongovernmentalgroups
D.peoplewhohaveadvancedhumandevelopment
65.WhydoesJoLuckreceivetheprize?
A.Underherleadership,peopledeveloproadsandbuildschools.
B
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