硕士研究生入学统一测试英语考题和答案上.docx
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硕士研究生入学统一测试英语考题和答案上.docx
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硕士研究生入学统一测试英语考题和答案上
硕士研究生入学统一测试英语考题和答案上
PartA ThehomelessmakeupagrowingpercentageofAmerica‘spopulation.__1_homelessnesshasreachedsuchproportionsthatlocalgovernmentcan’tpossibly__2__.Tohelphomelesspeople__3__independence,thefederalgovernmentmustsupportjobtrainingprograms,__4__theminimumwage,andfundmorelow-costhousing.__5__everyoneagreesonthenumbersofAmericanswhoarehomeless.Estimates__6__anywherefrom600,000to3million.__7__thefiguremayvary,analystsdoagreeonanothermatter:
thatthenumberofthehomelessis__8__,oneofthefederalgovernment‘sstudies__9__thatthenumberofthehomelesswillreachnearly19millionbytheendofthisdecade. Findingwaysto__10__thisgrowinghomelesspopulationhasbecomeincreasinglydifficult.__11__whenhomelessindividualsmanagetofinda__12__thatwillgivethemthreemealsadayandaplacetosleepatnight,agoodnumberstillspendthebulkofeachday__13__thestreet.Partoftheproblemisthatmanyhomelessadultsareaddictedtoalcoholordrugs.Andasignificantnumberofthehomelesshaveseriousmentaldisorders.Manyothers,__14__notaddictedormentallyill,simplylacktheeveryday__15__skillsneedtoturntheirlives__16__.BostonGlobereporterChrisReidynotesthatthesituationwillimproveonlywhenthereare__17__programsthataddressthemanyneedsofthehomeless.__18__EdwardBlotkowsk,directorofcommunityserviceatBentleyCollegeinMassachusetts,__19__it,“Therehastobe__20__ofprograms.What‘sneedisapackagedeal.” 1.[A]Indeed [B]Likewise [C]Therefore [D]Furthermore 2.[A]stand [B]cope [C]approve [D]retain 3.[A]in [B]for [C]with [D]toward 4.[A]raise [B]add [C]take [D]keep 5.[A]Generally [B]Almost [C]Hardly [D]Not 6.[A]cover [B]change [C]range [D]differ 7.[A]nowthat [B]although [C]provided [D]Exceptthat 8.[A]inflating [B]expanding [C]increasing [D]extending 9.[A]predicts [B]displays [C]proves [D]discovers 10.[A]assist [B]track [C]sustain [D]dismiss 11.[A]Hence [B]But [C]Even [D]Only 12.[A]lodging [B]shelter [C]dwelling [D]house 13.[A]searching [B]strolling [C]crowding [D]wandering 14.[A]when [B]once [C]while [D]whereas 15.[A]life [B]existence [C]survival [D]maintenance 16.[A]around [B]over [C]on [D]up 17.[A]complex [B]comprehensive [C]complementary [D]compensating 18.[A]So [B]Since [C]As [D]Thus 19.[A]puts [B]interprets [C]assumes [D]makes 20.[A]supervision [B]manipulation [C]regulation [D]coordination Text1 Inspiteof“endlesstalkofdifference,”Americansocietyisanamazingmachineforhomogenizingpeople.Thereis“thedemocratizinguniformityofdressanddiscourse,andthecasualnessandabsenceofconsumption”launchedbythe19th——centurydepartmentstoresthatoffered“vastarraysofgoodsinanelegantatmosphere.Insteadofintimateshopscateringtoaknowledgeableelite.”thesewerestores“anyonecouldenter,regardlessofclassorbackground.Thisturnedshoppingintoapublicanddemocraticact.”Themassmedia,advertisingandsportsareotherforcesforhomogenization. Immigrantsarequicklyfittingintothiscommonculture,whichmaynotbealtogetherelevatingbutishardlypoisonous.WritingfortheNationalImmigrationForum,GregoryRodriguezreportsthattoday‘simmigrationisneitheratunprecedentedlevelnorresistanttoassimilation.In1998immigrantswere9.8percentofpopulation;in1900,13.6percent.Inthe10yearspriorto1990,3.1immigrantsarrivedforevery1,000residents;inthe10yearspriorto1890,9.2forevery1,000.Now,considerthreeindicesofassimilation–language,homeownershipandintermarriage. The1990Censusrevealedthat“amajorityofimmigrantsfromeachofthefifteenmostcommoncountriesoforiginspokeEnglish‘well’or‘verywell’aftertenyearsofresidence.”ThechildrenofimmigrantstendtobebilingualandproficientinEnglish.“Bythethirdgeneration,theoriginallanguageislostinthemajorityofimmigrantfamilies.”HencethedescriptionofAmericaasa“graveyard”forlanguages.By1996foreign–bornimmigrantswhohadarrivedbefore1970hadahomeownershiprateof75.6percent,higherthanthe69.8percentrateamongnative-bornAmericans. Foreign-bornAsiansandHispanics“havehigherratesofintermarriagethandoU.S–bornwhitesandblacks.”Bythethirdgeneration,onethirdofHispanicwomenaremarriedtonon-Hispanics,and41percentofAsian–Americanwomenaremarriedtonon-Asians. RodrigueznotethatchildreninremotevillagesaroundtheworldarefansofsuperstarslikeArnoldSchwarzeneggerandGarthBrooks,yet“someAmericansfearthatimmigrantlivingwithintheUnitedStatesremainsomehowimmunetothenation‘sassimilativepower.” AretheredivisiveissuesandpocketsofseethingangerinAmerica?
Indeed.Itisbigenoughtohaveabitofeverything.ButparticularlywhenviewedagainstAmerica‘sturbulentpast,today’ssocialinducessuggestadarkanddeterioratingsocialenvironment. 21.Theword“homogenizing”(Line2,Paragraph1)mostprobablymeans [A]identifying [B]associating [C]assimilating [D]monopolizing 22.Accordingtotheauthor,thedepartmentstoresofthe19thcentury [A]playedaroleinthespreadofpopularculture. [B]becameintimateshopsforcommonconsumers. [C]satisfiedtheneedsofaknowledgeableelite. [D]oweditsemergencetothecultureofconsumption 23.ThetextsuggeststhatimmigrantsnowintheU.S. [A]areresistanttohomogenization. [B]exertagreatinfluenceonAmericanculture. [C]arehardlyathreattothecommonculture. [D]constitutethemajorityofthepopulation. 24.WhyareArnoldSchwarzeneggerandGarthBrooksmentionedinParagraph5?
[A]Toprovetheirpopularityaroundtheworld. [B]Torevealthepublic‘sfearofimmigrants. [C]Togiveexamplesofsuccessfulimmigrants. [D]ToshowthepowerfulinfluenceofAmericanculture. 25.Intheauthor‘sopinion,theabsorptionofimmigrantsintoAmericansocietyis [A]rewarding. [B]successful. [C]fruitless. [D]harmful. Tex2 Stratford-on-Avon,asweallknow,hasonlyoneindustry-WilliamShakespeare-buttherearetwodistinctlyseparateandincreasinglyhostilebranches.ThereistheRoyalShakespeareCompany(RSC),whichpresentssuperbproductionsoftheplaysattheShakespeareMemorialTheatreontheAvon.Andtherearethetownsfolkwholargelyliveoffthetouristswhocome,nottoseetheplays,buttolookatAnneHathaway‘sCottage,Shakespeare’sbirthplaceandtheothersights. TheworthyresidentsofStratforddoubtthatthetheatreaddsapennytotheirrevenue.TheyfranklydisliketheRSC‘sactors,themwiththeirlonghairandbeardsandsandalsandnoisiness.It’salldeliciouslyironicwhenyouconsiderthatShakespeare,whoearnstheirliving,washimselfanactor(withabeard)anddidhisshareofnoise-making. Thetouriststreamsarenotentirelyseparate.Thesightseerswhocomebybus-andoftentakeinWarwickCastleandBlenheimPalaceontheside–don‘tusuallyseetheplays,andsomeofthemareevensurprisedtofindatheatreinStratford.However,theplaygoersdomanagealittlesight-seeingalongwiththeirplaygoing.Itistheplaygoers,theRSCcontends,whobringinmuchofthetown’srevenuebecausetheyspendthenight(someofthemfourorfivenights)pouringcashintothehotelsandrestaurants.Thesightseerscantakeineverythingandgetoutoftownbynightfall. Thetownsfolkdon‘tseeitthiswayandlocalcouncildoesnotcontributedirectlytothesubsidyoftheRoyalShakespeareCompany.Stratfordcriespoortraditionally.Neverthelesseveryhotelintownseemstobeaddinganewwingorcocktaillounge.Hiltonisbuildingitsownhotelthere,whichyoumaybesurewillbedecoratedwithHamletHamburgerBars,theLearLounge,theBanquoBanquetingRoom,andsoforth,andwillbeveryexpensive. Anyway,thetownsfolkcan‘tunderstandwhytheRoyalShakespeareCompanyneedsasubsidy.(Thetheatrehasbrokenattendancerecordsforthreeyearsinarow.Lastyearits1,431seatswere94percentoccupiedallyearlongandthisyearthey’lldobetter.)Thereason,ofcourse,isthatcostshaverocketedandticketpriceshavestayedlow. ItwouldbeashametoraisepricestoomuchbecauseitwoulddriveawaytheyoungpeoplewhoareStratford‘smostattractiveclientele.Theycomeentirelyfortheplays,notthesights.Theyallseemtolookalike(thoughtheycomefromallover)–lean,pointed,dedicatedfaces,wearingjeansandsandals,eatingtheirbunsandbeddingdownforthenightontheflagstonesoutsidethetheatretobuythe20seatsand80standing-roomticketsheldforthesleepersandsoldtothemwhentheboxofficeopensat10:
30a.m. 26.Fromthefirsttwoparas,welearnthat A.thetownsfolkdenytheRSC‘scontributiontothetown’srevenue B.theactorsoftheRSCimitateShakespeareonandoffstage C.thetwobranchesoftheRSCarenotongoodterms D.thetownsfolkearnlittlefromtourism 27.ItcanbeinferredfromPara3that A.thesightseerscannotvisittheCastleandthePalaceseparately B.theplaygoersspendmoremoneythanthesightseers C.thesightseersdomoreshoppingthantheplaygoers D.theplaygoersgotonootherplacesintownthanthetheater 28.Bysaying“Stratfordcriespoortraditionally”(Line2-3,Paragraph4),theauthorimpliesthat A.Stratfordcannotaffordtheexpansionprojects B.Stratfordhaslongbeeninfinancialdifficulties C.thetownisnotreallyshortofmoney D.thetownsfolkusedtobepoorlypaid 29.Accordingtothetownsfolk,theRSCdeservesnosubsidybecause A.ticketpricescanberaisedtocover
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