A comparative analysis of commendatory or derogatory meanings of animal between Chinese and English.docx
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A comparative analysis of commendatory or derogatory meanings of animal between Chinese and English.docx
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AcomparativeanalysisofcommendatoryorderogatorymeaningsofanimalbetweenChineseandEnglish
中英文动物词语褒贬意义对比分析
ThecommendatoryorderogatorymeaningsofanimalbetweenChineseandEnglish
Abstract
Inthelongcourseofthedevelopmentofhumanhistory,animalusuallykeepacloserelationwithhumanbeingsandinfluencetheexistenceanddevelopmentdeeply.thecloseresultinhumancomplexoffeelingsoffondness.Sympathyantipathy,orfear,peopleoftenuseanimalstoexpresstheirfeelings.Manyanimalshavebecomeakindofsymbolisminpeople’thinking,whichisreflectedinlanguage.However,becauseoftheinfluenceofdifferentfactors,suchashistoryandregion,animalwordwithrichandvariousculturalconnotationsoftenresultinmisunderstandingincommunication.
ThisthesisisintendedtoexplorethecommendatoryorderogatorymeaningsofanimalbetweenChineseandEnglish.ThecompleteresearchisbasedontheLeech’stheory.Thisthesisadoptsamethodofcontrastiveanalysis.TheauthorwilllookintoculturalsimilaritiesanddifferencesrelatingtoEnglishandChineseanimalexpressionstoaccomplishapurposeofunderstandingfullythewholemessagesthataanimalwordcarriesandcommunicatingcorrectlyininterculturalcommunication.atlast,thisthesisputforwardsomesuggestionsabouthowtoimprovecollegestudent’scommunicativecompetenceincollegeEnglishlearning.
Keywords:
animalwords;commendatoryorderogatorymeanings;culturalconnotations;interculturalcommunication
摘要
在人类历史发展的漫长进程中,动物一直与人类保持着密切的联系,并对人类的生存和发展产生深远的影响,这种亲密无间的关系使得人类对动物产生了喜爱,同情,厌恶或是恐惧的情感。
人们常常借动物寄托和表达人类的情感。
许多动物已经在人们的思维中形成某种象征,并且体现在语言中。
然而,由于历史、地理和宗教等因素的影响,具有丰富内涵的动物词汇使人们在中西文化交际中产生误解。
本论文以GeoffreyLeech语义理论做为理论基础,本文试图对动物词语的褒贬意义进行对比研究。
本论文采用了对比分析的方法,来研究英汉动物词汇的异同,以寻求一个目的:
能够完全了解一个动物词语所承载的褒贬意义,以便顺利的进行跨文化交际,最后,作者对英语学习中如何提高英语学习者的交际能力提出些建议。
关键词:
动物词汇、褒贬意义、文化内涵、跨文化交际
Contents
Abstract------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ⅰ
摘要---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ii
1.Introduction------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1
1.1TheAimsofThisThesis------------------------------------------------------------------------------1
1.2TheOutlineofThisThesis----------------------------------------------------------------2
2.LiteratureReview-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3
2.1AnimalWordsResearchatHome--------------------------------------------------------------------3
2.2AnimalWordsResearchAbroad----------------------------------------------------------------------3
3.TheoreticalBasis--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3.1Leech’sTheoryofMeaning-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.StudyonCommendatoryorDerogatoryMeaningsofAnimalWordsinEnglishandChinese-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.1CommendatoryorDerogatoryMeaningsofAnimalWords--------------------------------------
4.2StudyonCommendatoryorDerogatoryMeaningsofAnimalWordsinEnglishandChinese--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.2.1IdenticalAnimalWordsWiththeSameCommendatoryorDerogatoryMeaning-------
4.2.1.1IdenticalAnimalWordswiththeSameCommendatoryMeaning----------------
4.2.1.2IdenticalAnimalWordswiththeSameDerogatoryMeaning----------------------
4.2.2.IdenticalAnimalWordswiththeDifferentCommendatoryorDerogatoryMeaning--
4.2.2.1IdenticalAnimalWordswithCommendatoryMeaninginEnglish,butnotinChinese---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.2.2.2IdenticalAnimalWordswithDerogatoryMeaninginEnglish,butnotinChinese--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.Factorsinfluencingdifferencesofmeanings------------------------------------------------------------
5.1.Geography-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.2.Conventional----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.3.Legend------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.4thewayofthinking---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
6.Conclusion----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
References-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------iii
Acknowledgements-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------iv
Appendix-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------v
ChapterⅠIntroduction
Languageandculturalarecloselyrelatedandtheformerisindispensabletothelatter.Theircloserelationshipcanbeillustratedbycross–linguistictocomparisonofanimalwordsinrespecttoCommendatoryorDerogatoryMeanings
1.1TheAimsofthisThesis
Animalsarefriendsofhumanbeings,alongwiththedevelopmentandprogressofhumansociety,peopleassociatetheirfeelings,evenhappeningsandnaturalphenomenawithvariousanimals.Manyanimalsbecomeakindofsymbolisminpeople’sthinking,andthissymbolismisunavoidablyreflectedinthelanguage.
Languageisstudiedforcommunication,however,completecommunicationrequiresmorethanlinguisticknowledge.Thecommunicationbehaviorofpeoplefromdifferentculturesiscalledinterculturalcommunication.
Learninglanguage,wecanseemanyEnglishbooksthattheassociationofmostanimalexpressionsdifferfromthoseofChinese.Thisisreflectionofcultures.Therefore,similaritiesanddifferencesintheconnotationsofanimalexpressionsinthetwolanguageshouldbetakenintoaccount,ininterculturalcommunicationandtheirsocialandculturalfactorsshouldbeillustratedingreatdetail.
ThedifferenceofCommendatoryorDerogatoryMeaningsofanimalwordsinEnglishandChinesehasagreatinfluenceoninterculturalcommunication.Whenanativespeakercan’tunderstandbackgroundcorrectlyacertainanimalexpressions,whichbadlyhinderinterculturalcommunication.So,thisthesiswillfocusontherelationshipbetweenCommendatoryorDerogatoryMeaningsofanimalwordsandinterculturalcommunication,tohelpustoavoidmisunderstandingininterculturalcommunication.
1.2TheOrganizationofthisThesis
Thisthesisisdividedintosixchapters,whichcloselyrelatedtoeachother.Onlymasteringthestructureandfunctionofanimalexpressions.Tobetterunderstandculturalconnotation,todistinguishthedifferencesofCommendatoryorDerogatoryMeaningsofanimalwordsbetweenEnglishandChinese.
Thefirstchapterintroducetheaimsandtheorganizationofthisthesis.
Thesecondchapterisliteraturereview.Thewriterliststhestudiesonanimalwords,culturalconnotations,interculturalcommunicationinChineseandabroad.
Thethirdchaptersimplyintroducethetheoreticalbasisinthisthesis.
Thefourthchapterismostessentialpartofthisthesis.AftergivingthedefinitionaboutCommendatoryorDerogatoryMeaningsofanimalwords,thewritermakesthecomparisonsofEnglishandChinesewordsfromthreeaspects:
sameanimalwordswithsameCommendatoryorDerogatorymeanings;sameanimalwordswithdifferentCommendatoryorDerogatorymeanings.
Thefifthchapter,itdiscussesfourfactorscausingdifferenceCommendatoryorDerogatorymeaningsofanimalwords:
geographyinfluence,conventionalinfluence,legendinfluence,valuesandthinkingmodesinfluence.
Thesixthchapterdrawconclusionthatanimalwordsplayanindispensableroleincommunicationinourlife.TheCommendatoryorDerogatorymeaningsshiftfromculturaltocultural.Ininterculturalcommunication,weshouldtakecorrectattitudestowardsculturalconflictandavoidmakingculturalmistakes.
ChapterⅡliteraturereview
Duetotheanimalwordsplayimportantroleinalllanguages,manyscholarshavedonerelevantresearches.Thischapterisabriefreviewpreviousresearchonanimalwordsbothathomeandabroad.
2.1AnimalWordsResearchatHome
Inchina,manyscholarshavedonethespecificresearchonanimalwords.Someofthemfocusonanimalandculturalrelation;someofthemstudyonanimalmetaphors;someofthemworksonanimalidioms.
MostoutstandingscholarinthefieldofanimalandculturerelationisliaoGuangRong,WeiShen.LiaoGuangRong(2000)didarathercomprehensiveresearchontheanalysisofculturallyloadedanimaltermsofdifferentcultural.WeiShen(2003)worksonsimilaritiesanddifferencesofculturalconnotationbetweenEnglishandChineseanimalwordsintermsoflivingenvironment,customs,religionandvalues.KongYing(2005)researchesconstructionofmetaphoricalmeaninginanimalterms.OneoftherepresentativesisWangdeChu(1999)whodidthestudyofculturalidioms.HethoughtanimalnatureresultedinthesameassociationsforsomeanimalidiomsandsimilarculturalconnotationsbetweenEnglishandChinese.
2.2AnimalWordsResearchatAbroad
Thewesternersstudyonanimalwordsisalsoforalongtime.Someofresearchesareconcentratedonthedeteriorationofanimalexpressions.Someofresearchesareconcentratedonthemetaphor.
Low(1988)andNewmark(1988)suggestthatmostanimalmetaphorsareu
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