第五章作业中英文对照word.docx
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第五章作业中英文对照word.docx
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第五章作业中英文对照word
第五章作业(中英文对照)
第五章受弯构件一、选择题1.对于承受均布荷载的热轧H型钢简支梁,应计算()A.抗弯强度、腹板折算应力、整体稳定、局部稳定B.抗弯强度、抗剪强度、整体稳定、局部稳定C.抗弯强度、腹板上边缘局部承压强度、整体稳定、容许挠度D.抗弯强度、抗剪强度、整体稳定、容许挠度1.ForhotrolledH-shapedcrosssectionsteelbeambearingdistributedload,()shouldbechecked.A.bendingstrength,equivalentstressontheweb,overallstabilityandlocalstability.B.bendingstrength,shearstrength,overallstabilityandlocalstability.C.bendingstrength,localbearingstressatupperedgeoftheweb,overallstability.D.bendingstrength,,shearstrength,overallstability,allowabledeflection.2.以下计算,使用毛截面特性的是()A.梁的弯曲正应力B.梁的剪应力C.折算应力D.疲劳验算2.Inwhichofthefollowingcalculation,thegross-sectioncharacteristicisadapted?
()A.BendingnormalstressofthebeamB.ShearstressofthebeamC.EquivalentstressD.Fatiguecheck3.某一在主平面内受弯的实腹式构件,当截面上有螺栓孔时,下列何项计算要考虑孔洞削弱?
()A.构件变形计算B.构件整体稳定性计算C.构件抗弯强度计算D.构件抗剪强度计算3.Forsolid-webmembersbendinginprincipleplane,supposingthatboltholesappearsinthecross-section,weakenfactorsoftheboltholesshouldbeconsideredduringthecalculationof().A.calculatingthedeformationofthememberB.checkingtheoverallstabilityofthememberC.checkingthebendingstrengthofthememberD.checkingtheshearstrengthofthemember4.设计焊接工字形截面梁时,腹板布置横向加劲肋的主要目的是提高梁的()A.抗弯刚度B.抗弯强度C.整体稳定性D.局部稳定性4.InthedesignoftheweldedI-shapedcrosssectionbeams,themaintargetofarrangingtransversestiffenerstothewebsistoensurethe()ofthebeamA.FlexuralstiffnessB.FlexuralresistanceC.overallstabilityD.localstability5.梁的支承加劲肋应设置在()A.弯曲应力大的区段B.剪应力大的区段
C.上翼缘或下翼缘有固定作用力的部位D.有吊车轮压的部位5.Bearingstiffenersshouldbearrangedat()ofthebeamA.wherethebendingstressisgreatB.wheretheshearstressisgreatC.wheretheconcentratedforceactedD.wherethewheelloadacted6.在梁的整体稳定计算中,若稳定系数为1.0,说明该梁()A.处于弹性工作阶段B.不会丧失整体稳定C.梁的局部稳定必然满足D.不会发生强度破坏6.Duringthecalculationtotheoverallstabilityofthebeam,theconditionthatthestabilitycoefficientis1.0indicatesthat()A.thebeamisinelasticstageB.overallbucklingwouldnothappenC.thebeamwouldsatisfytherequirementsofavoidinglocalbucklingD.thestrengthfailurewouldnothappen7.梁承受固定集中荷载作用,采用以下何项措施是合适的?
()A.加厚翼缘B.在集中荷载作用处设置支承加劲肋C.增加横向加劲肋的数量D.加厚腹板7.Forbeambearingthedeterminedconcentratedload,whichofthefollowingeffectsisfavorable?
()A.ThickentheflangeofthebeamB.ArrangebearingstiffenersatwheretheconcentratedloadsappliedC.Increasethenumberofthetransversestiffeners.D.Thickenthewebofthebeam8.验算无集中荷载作用时工字形截面梁的折算应力,公式为f1223,这里、应为()A.验算截面的最大正应力和最大剪应力B.验算截面的最大正应力和验算点的剪应力C.验算截面的最大剪应力和验算点的正应力D.验算截面中验算点的正应力和剪应力8.WhilecheckingtheequivalentstressoftheI-shapedcross-sectionbeamwithoutbearingconcentratedloads,theexpressionf1223isapplied.Inthisexpression,,represents().A.themaximumnormalstressandshearstressofthecheckingsection;B.themaximumnormalstressofthecheckingsectionandtheshearstressofthecheckingpoint;C.themaximumshearstressofthecheckingsectionandthenormalstressofthecheckingpoint;
D.thenormalstressandshearstressofthecheckingpointinthecheckingsection9.跨中无侧向支承的焊接截面梁,当验算整体稳定不满足时,宜采取以下何项措施?
()。
A.加大梁的截面积B.加大梁的高度C.加大受压翼缘板的宽度D.加大腹板的厚度9.Forweldedcrosssectionbeamswithoutthelateralsupportsinthemid-span,iftheoverallstabilitycouldnotbesatisfied,whichofthefollowingmeasuresshouldbeadapted?
()A.Increasethecross-sectionofthebeamB.IncreasetheheightofthebeamC.WidenthewidthoftheflangeundercompressionD.Thickenthewebofthebeam10.受压翼缘由刚性铺板连牢的梁,不必考虑计算的是()。
A.强度B.刚度C.整体稳定D.局部稳定10.Forbeamthatrigiddeckingissecurelyconnectedtothecompressionflangeofit,itisnotnecessarytocheckthe()ofthebeam.A.strengthB.stiffnessC.overallstabilityD.localstability11.双轴对称工字形截面梁,经验算,其强度和刚度正好满足要求,而腹板在弯曲应力作用下有发生局部失稳的可能。
在其他条件不变的情况下,宜采用下列何种方法可以保证梁的局部稳定?
()A.增加梁腹板的厚度B.降低梁腹板的高度C.用强度更高的材料D.设置加劲肋11.FordoublesymmetricI-shapedcrosssectionbeam,localbucklingispossibletoappearsundertheactionoftheflexuralstresswhilethestrengthandthestiffnesscanjustbesatisfiedthroughthechecks.Ifmaintainingotherconditionsbeingequal,whichofthefollowingmeasurescouldensurethelocalstabilityofthebeam?
()A.IncreasethethicknessofthewebB.ReducetheheightofthewebC.AdaptmaterialswithhigherstrengthD.Arrangelateralsupports12.验算工字形截面梁受压翼缘的局部稳定性时要求/bt应小于某一限值,这里,b的含义为()。
A.翼缘板外伸宽度B.翼缘板全部宽度C.翼缘板全部宽度的1/3D.翼缘板的有效宽度12.WhilecheckingthelocalstabilityofthecompressedflangeoftheI-shapedcrosssectionbeam,the/btshouldbelowadeterminedlimit.Here,brepresents().A.theoutstandsoftheflange
B.thewidthoftheflangeC.the1/3widthoftheflangeD.theeffectivewidthoftheflange13.防止梁腹板发生局部失稳,常采取加劲措施,这是为了()A.增加梁截面的惯性矩B.增加截面面积C.改变构件的应力分布状态D.改变边界约束板件的宽厚比13.Inordertopreventthelocalbuckingofthewebofthebeam,arrangingthestiffenerstothewebisadapted,soasto().A.increasetheinertiamomentofthebeamsectionB.increasetheareaofcrosssectionC.changethestressdistributingstateofthebeamD.changethewidthtothicknessratiooftheboundaryconstraintplates14.焊接工字形截面梁设计时估算最小梁高minh,若用Q345钢材代替Q235钢材,则minh如何变化?
()A.变大了B.变小了C.不变D.条件不充足,无法确定14.TheestimatingminimumheightoftheweldedI-shapedsectionbeamisminh,iftheQ345isappliedtoreplacetheQ235steel,howwouldthevalueofminhchange?
().A.IncreasingB.DecreasingC.InvariantD.Thevariationcannotbedeterminedduetothelackofconditions15.加强受压翼缘的单轴对称工字形等截面简支梁,跨中有一集中荷载作用在腹板平面内,下列各荷载作用位置。
何者的整体稳定性最好?
()A.上翼缘(受压翼缘)上表面B.形心与上翼缘之间的截面剪力中心C.截面形心D.下翼缘(受拉翼缘)下表面15.ForreinforcedcompressionflangewithsinglysymmetricI-shapedsimplesupportbeamwithuniformsection,aconcentratedforceisappliedtothemid-spanwebplane.Whichofthefollowingloadpositionsismostfavorabletotheoverallstabilityofthebeam?
().A.Theuppersurfaceoftheupperflange(theflangeundercompression)B.ShearcenterofthesectionbetweenthecentroidandtheupperflangeC.CentroidofthesectionD.Thelowersurfaceofthebottomflange(theflangeundertension)16.对于焊接工字形等截面简支梁,当其整体稳定性不能满足要求时,采用下列何项措施能最有效提高整体稳定性?
()A.加厚受压翼缘B.加厚受拉翼缘C.采用更高强度的钢材D.在梁跨中受压翼缘处设置侧向支承
16.ForweldedI-shapeduniformsectionsimplysupportbeam,iftheoverallstabilityofthebeamcouldnotbesatisfied,theoverallstabilitycanbeimprovedbywhichofthefollowingmeasures?
()A.ThickenthecompressionflangeB.ThickenthetensionflangeC.AdaptthesteelwithhigherstrengthD.Arrangethelateralsupportatthemid-spancompressionflangeofthebeam17.某焊接工字形等截面简支梁,若最大弯矩值一定,在下列不同形式的荷载作用下,何者的整体稳定性最差?
()A.两端有相等弯矩作用(纯弯曲作用)B.满跨均布荷载作用C.跨中点有集中荷载作用D.在距离支座1/4跨度处各有相同一集中力17.ForweldedI-shapeduniformsectionsimplysupportbeam,ifthemaximummomentisdetermined,underwhichtypeofthefollowingloadstheoverallstabilityismostunfavorable?
()A.Therearesamevaluedmomentappliedtobothendsofthebeam(purebendingactions)B.Therearedistributedforceapplyingtothefull-spanofthebeam.C.Thereisaconcentratedforceapplyingtothemid-spanofthebeam.D.Therearetwosameconcentratedforcesapplyingtothe1/4spanawayfromthesupportofbeam.18.一焊接工字形截面梁,腹板计算高度0h=2400mm,根据腹板局部稳定计算和构造要求,需要在腹板一侧配置钢板横向加劲肋,其经济合理的截面尺寸是()A.-8120B.-8140C.-10150D.-1218018.ForweldedI-shapedsectionbeam,theeffectiveheightoftheweb0h=2400mm,inaccordancewiththecalculationtothelocalstabilityofthewebandtheconstructionrequirements,thetransversestiffenersshouldbearrangedtoonesideoftheweb.Therefore,whichdimensionofthetransversestiffenersisbotheconomicalandreasonable?
()A.-1208B.-1408C.-15010D.-1801219.为了提高荷载作用在上翼缘简支工字形梁的整体稳定性,可在梁的()加侧向支承,以减小梁出平面的长度。
A.梁腹板高度的12处B.靠近梁上翼缘的腹板011(~)54h处C.靠近梁下翼缘的腹板011(~)54h处D.上翼缘处19.InordertoimprovetheoverallstabilityofthesimplesupportI-shapedbeamwhichtheloadisappliedtotheupperflange,lateralsupportcanbearrangedtothe()ofthebeam,which
aimsatreducingtheout-ofplanelengthofthebeam.A.1/2heightofthewebB.1/5~1/4heightawayfromtheupperflangeofthewebC.1/5~1/4heightawayfromthebottomflangeofthewebD.upperflange二、简答题1.简述影响钢梁整体稳定因素有哪些?
2.采用高强度钢材对提高梁的整体稳定性是否有益,为什么?
三、计算题1.Simplysupportbeamsubjectedtoauniformlydistributedliveload(norequirementoftakingaccountofdeadweight),Q235Bsteelisused.I32a,l=6m,allowabledeflection250][l,partialcoefficientis1.4forthedeadloadsandis1.2forliveloads,bendingmomentsaboutx-axis,accordingtonormalstressandrigidcondition,Determinedesignloadofthebeam.2/235(mmNfy,2/215mmNf,45384xqlEI,25/1006.2mmNE)。
2.Asimply-supportmainbeamshowninfollowFigure,P=250kN(designvalue,fromsecondarybeams),Q235steelisused,f=215N/mm2,Vf=125N/mm2,05.1x1)Checkthestrengthofthemainbeam.2)Checkthelocalstabilityofplates3.ThefigureshowstheweldedI-shapedsimplesupportbeam.Alateralsupportisarrangedatthemid-spanupperflangeofthebeam,thematerialisQ345B,thedesignvalueofconcentratedstatic
loadPis300kN.Pleasechecktheoverallstabilityofthebeam.4.Thespanofasimplesupportbeamis5.5m,astaticdistributedloadisappliedtotheupperflangeofthebeam,thestandardvalueofdeadloadis10.2kN/m(thedeadweightisnotconcluded),thestandardvalueofliveloadis25kN/m.Supposedthatthecompressionflangeofthebeamhavethereliablelateralsupport,thesteelisQ235,theallowabledeflectionisl/250,pleaseselectthemosteconomicI-shapedandH-shapedcrosssections,andcomparethemtherefore.5.P1425.6题
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