第三单元单词名词性从句学案.docx
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第三单元单词名词性从句学案.docx
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第三单元单词名词性从句学案
Book3unit3学案
1.bringup_______________
Eg.Hewasbroughtupbyhisgrandparents.译
Tobringupmytaste,mymotheralwaystakesmetovisittheartexhibition.译
拓:
bringabout___________
Sciencehasbroughtaboutmanychangesinourlives.译
bringdown__________Goodharvestwillbringdowntheprices.译
bringforward_________Canyouforwardanyproof?
译
2.adventure____________adj._________翻译:
__________
Eg.Boysarefondofadventure.译
Heisaadventurousexplorer.译
3.scenen._____________
Eg.Ourreporterwasthefirstpersononthescene.译
Isawthescenewithmyowneyes.译
易混词辨析Scene/scenery/sight/view
选词填空:
1)Guilinisfamousforitsbeautiful______________.
2)The____________isaperfectdreamwhenyouseethesunrisingslowlyintheeast.
3)Youcangetawonderful____________atthetopofthetower.
4)Theflowersarealovely____________inspring.
5)Hebegantolosehis___________sixyearsago.
4.permitvi./vt._____________n._____________
Permitparkinghere.Itmeansthatyouarepermittedtoparkhere.译
Ifyouwanttovisitthepalace,youmustgetapermitfirst.Thenyouarepermittedtovisitit.译
Dotheypermitsmokinghere?
译
Thenurseallowedhimtoremaintherethoughitwasn’tpermitted.译
_____________允许某事情Wedon’tpermitpetsintheclassroom.
______________允许某人做某事(allowsbtodo)
______________允许做某事(allowdoing)
拓:
with/withoutsb’spermission译____________________
eg.Withtheteacher’spermission,shewenthomeearlierthanusual.
易混辨析:
Let/permit/allow_____________________________
例:
------Wouldyoupermitme_________here?
------Sorry.Wedon’tpermit_____inthelibrary.
A.smoking;smokingB.tosmoke;tosmoke
C.smoking;tosmokeD.tosmoke;smoking
5.aheadadv._______________词组:
goahead_____________
Eg.Theroadaheadlooksratherbusy.译
ThetimehereisninehoursaheadofLondon.译
Eg.Goahead,Iwanttohearmoreaboutyourplan.译
-------DoyoumindifIsmoke?
---------No,goahead.译
aheadof___________eg.Ourplanisaheadofschedule.译
拓:
aheadof________goagainst____________goafter___________
aheadoftime/inadvance______goby______goover___________
goinfor_______goout__________gothrough_____________
6.spotvt.____________n.____________
Ataquietspot,herboyfriendpresentedherablackskirtwithwhitespots.Happily,shespottedthattheskirtwassimilarwiththeoneshelostafewdaysago。
译
Itisatthesamespotthathespottedthatmanwithblackspotonhisface.译
拓:
spotsbdoingsth__________onthespot=onthescene_________
spotlessadj.______________bespottedwith____________
例:
hewashitbyafallingstoneandgotkilled___________.
A.onaspotB.inaspotC.onthespotD.underthespot
7.accountvt._______vi.________n.______Accountfor____________
Eg.Hewasaccountedafirst-rateactor.译
Badweatheraccountedforthelongdelay.译
Shecouldn’taccountforhermistake.译
拓:
onnoaccount_________(否定意义词组,位于句首时,句子用部分倒装)
Eg.Onnoaccountshouldanymoneybegiventoasmallchild.译
8.seekv.____________过去式__________过去分词___________
Eg.Hewashurtinanaccident.Sohesoughtalawyertoseekcompensationfromthedriver.Thelawyertoldhimthathemustseeksomeevidencetoprovethedriverwaswrong;orelse,hewouldgetnothing.
拓:
seek(for/after)sth./sb._______________________
seekhappiness/comfort/wealth/success_______________
9.contraryn.__________adj._____________
Eg.Youarekind,heisthecontrary.Theyholdcontraryopinions.译
onthecontrary__________(表相反意见,ontheotherhand表问题另一方面)
Eg.Youthinkyouareclever;onthecontrary,Iassurethatyouareveryfoolish.译
Thejobwasn’tveryinteresting,butontheotherhanditwaswell-paid.
拓:
(be)contraryto违反……,与……相反
Eg.Theresultswerecontrarytoexpection.
10.amountn._______________
alargeamountof_____________→谓语动词用单数后加u.n.
largeamountsof_____________→谓语动词用复数后加u.n.
拓:
agood/greatamountof大量……theamountof…………的量
Eg.Wehaveagreatamountofexperience.译
What’stheamountofmoney?
对比:
alargenumberof和thenumberof
11.asfor_________(相当于asto,一般用于句首或分句句首,引出短语作状语)
Eg.Ienjoyswimming.Butasformysister,sheenjoysplayingtennis.
Hewasuncertainastowhichroadtotake.译
名词性从句学案
名词从句(NounClauses):
在句子中起名词作用的句子。
主语从句Subjectclause
名词性从句宾语从句ObjectClause
nounclause表语从句PredicativeClause
同位语从句AppositiveClause
各自定义:
结构化预习:
翻译以下句子,并观察判断他们属于主语从句,宾语从句还是表语从句。
1.Idon’tknowwhentheywillgotoBeijing.
2.Whetherwildlifecanbewellprotectedisofgreatimportance.
3.Herwishisthatshecouldloseweightsoon.
4.Ithoughtthateveryoneshouldobeythelaw.
5.Whowillgomakesnodifference.
6.Areyoutalkingaboutwhetherhewillcome.
7.Payattentiontowhatthedoctorsaid,willyou?
8.Whatweneedismorepractice.
9.It’sreportedthatthreepeoplewerekilledinthetrafficaccident.
10.Thatiswhatheisworriedabout.
11.WillyoutellmehowIcankeepfitandhealthy?
12.It’sapitythatshehasmadesuchafoolishmistake.
13.Itlookedasifitwasgoingtosnow.
14.Thathewillcomeiscertain.
15.Whyhewaslateisasecret.
16.Thereasonforhislatewasthathewasill.
17.Ifinditdifficultthatheshouldfinishtheworkintwodays.
18.Wethinkitourdutythatweshouldhelpothers.
协作指导:
一.归纳宾语从句,主语从句和表语从句的连接词。
二.认真观察第9和第12个句子,总结用法。
(形式主语)Itisnecessary/important/obviousthat…
Itisbelieved/known/reported/saidthat…
Itisafact/asurprise/commonknowledgethat…
三.在名词性从句中,什么时候只能用whether而不能用if表示是否。
同位语从句和表语从句只用whether;主语从句放句首,只用whether,it作形式主语,主语从句后置,whether/if都可;宾语从句都可用,但是①从句后有ornot时只用whether,②介词宾语通常只用whether,③后接动词不定式时只用whether,④discuss后的宾从,只用whether
四.认真观察第17和第18个句子,总结用法。
(形式宾语)
补充总结,需要注意的要点:
一.主语从句
1.引导主语从句的连词是不能省略的。
Thattheearthisroundistrue.
2.表示“是否”意义时,一般用whether而不用if引导主语从句,
Whethershewillcomeornotisstillaquestion.
3.主语从句有时用it作形式主语,把真正的主语放在后面。
Itistruethattheearthisround.
It'sapitythatyoushouldhavetoleave.
常用句型:
Itisnecessary/important/obviousthat……
Itisbelieved/known/saidthat……
Itisasurprise/afact/commonknowledgethat……
Itoccurredtome/appears/happensthat……
小试牛刀:
1.____youdon’tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.(C)
A.WhatB.WhoC.ThatD.Whether
2.____hesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent.(A)
A.WhatB.ThatC.ThefactD.Thematter
3._____thesportsmeetwillbehelddependsontheweather.(C)
A.WheneverB.IfC.WhetherD.That
4.___isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.
A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It (D)
二.宾语从句
1.由连接词that引导宾语从句时,that在句中不担任何成分,在口语或正式的文体中常被省去,但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不可省。
Hetoldus(that)hewasadoctorandthathewouldgotoBeiJing.
2.在宾语从句中,表示“是否”时既可用whether也可用if,但是,①从句后有or not 时,只用whether;②介词宾语通常用whether引导;③后接动词不定式时只用whether.
Idon’tknowwhetherhewillcomeornot.
Itdependsonwhetherheiscomingornot.
Canyoutellmewhethertogoortostay?
3.用who,whom,which,whose,what,when,where,why,how,whoever,whatever,whichever等关联词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句,应注意句子语序要用陈述语序。
Doyouknowhowoldheis?
Iwanttoknowwhathehastoldyou.
4.如果宾语从句是由think,believe,imagine,suppose等词引导的时候,要将从句的否定形式前移。
Wedon’tthinkyouarehere.Idon’tbelievehewilldoso.
5.宾语从句用it作形式宾语。
如果主句中有形容词或名词作宾语补足语时,一般用it来作形式宾语,把从句放在宾补后面。
(例句17和18)
6.宾语从句中的虚拟语气。
Demand,order,suggest,advise,propose,command,order,wouldrather,insist(坚持要求)<注:
insist作“坚持认为”讲不用虚拟语气>宾语从句中用该用虚拟语气:
(should)+V原形
Heinsistedhehadfinishedthejobontimeandthatheshouldbepaid.
小试牛刀:
1.Doesanybodyknow__wewillhaveasportsmeetingthisweekendornot.A.ifB.whereC.whetherD.that (C)
2.HaveyouseenMarylately?
Mybosswantstoknow_______. (A)
A.howsheisgettingalongB.howisshegettingalong
C.whatsheisgettingalongD.whatisshegettingalong
3.Idon'tdoubt________he'llcome.(A)A.that B.if C.what D.whether
4. Wedon’tknow______theydidit.(A)A.howB.whoC.whatD.which
5.Couldyoushowme________?
(D)
A.howcanIgettothestationB.whereisthestation
C.howIcouldgettothestationD.howIcanreachthestation
三.表语从句
1.表语从句放在连系动词后,如:
be,seem,remain等,有时用asif引导。
其基本结构为:
主语+系动词+从句。
TheproblemisthatIamshortofmoney.
Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.
Chinaisnolongerwhatsheusedtobe.
2.表语从句是不用if引导的,要用whether.
Thequestioniswhetheritisworthdoing.
3.主语是reason时,表语从句常用that,不用because.
Thereasonforhisabsencewasthathewasill.
小试牛刀:
1.Theproblemis_______hehasenoughtime. (B)
A.ifB.whetherC./D.that
2.Thelasttimewehadgreatfunwas____wewerevisitingtheWaterPark.
A.whereB.howC.whenD.why (C)
3.Thereasonis____heisunabletooperatethemachine. (C)
A.becauseB.whyC.thatD.Whether
同位语从句
定义:
连词:
连接副词:
常见的同位名词有:
hope,idea,
eg.Hegaveherapromisethathewouldcomebackaftertwomonths.
Wemustfacethefactthatwehavenomoney.
Ihavenoideawhenhewillbeback.
Thereisnodoubtthatwewillwin.
That引导的同位语从句和定语从句的区别:
(三点区别)
eg.Thenews(that)youtoldusyesterdayistrue.
Thenewsthattheywonthematchistrue.
Thebook(that)Iboughtyesterdayisuseful.
Theideathatweshouldholdapartyisgood.
Doyouknowthefactthathestolethecar?
Doyouknowthefactthattheyweretalkingabout?
注意:
使用虚拟语气的同位语从句
在一些表示建议、命令、要求的名词后的同位语从句中,谓语动词用should+动词原形表示,should可省略。
Thisisouronlyrequestthatthis(should)besettledassoonaspossible.
Hemadethesuggestionthatwegobytrain.
二、单项选择:
1.Ihaven’tdecided_____hoteltostayat.(A)
A.whichB.wha
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