科学备考届高考英语考点全面盘点20阅读理解 主旨大意一.docx

科学备考届高考英语考点全面盘点20阅读理解 主旨大意一.docx

《科学备考届高考英语考点全面盘点20阅读理解 主旨大意一.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《科学备考届高考英语考点全面盘点20阅读理解 主旨大意一.docx（12页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

科学备考届高考英语考点全面盘点20阅读理解主旨大意一

阅读理解-主旨大意

（一）

A

　　Wanttolivelonger?

WinanOscar.

Anewstudysaysthatactorswhoreceivedtheawardearnmorethanlargerpaychecks.

Sowhen94-year-oldKatharineHepburnonceremarkedthatshewasrespectedinternationally“likeanoldbuilding”,shehadnoideathatherfourOscarsdirectlyinfluencedherlongevity（长寿）.

Thestudysayswinningactorswilllive3.9yearslongerthantheirlosingcounterparts（对手）.Actorswhohavewonmorethanonce,likeHepburn,liveuptosixyearslongerthanthosewhowerenominated（提名）butneverwon.

“Wefoundthattheydiedfromthesamethingswealldiefrom—cancer,heartdisease,buttheyfoughtthemabitlongeranddiseasescameabitlater,”saysDrDonaldRedelmeier,theleadingauthorofthestudy.Redelmeiersaysthesenseofsuccessandsatisfactionmakesone’ssoulbecomemorefulloflife.

“WearenotsayingthatyouwilllivelongerifyouwinanOscar,”explainsRedelmeier,“orthatpeopleshouldgooutandtakeactingcourses.Ourmainconclusionissimplythatsocialfactorsareimportant.”Thestudy’simpliedconclusion,hesays,isthatdoctorsshouldaskabouttheirpatients’personalfeelingsbecausementalwell-beingisrelatedtophysicalhealth.

RedelmeiersayshegottheideaforthestudywhenhewatchedaglowingGwynethPaltrowwinanOscarin1999forherroleinShakespeareinLove.Redelmeiersays,“ShelookedmorefulloflifethananyoneIhadseen.”

“Wefound,too,thosethathadmulti-nominationsandnowinhadthesamelifeexpectancyasthosewithjustasinglenominationandnowin,”Redelmeieradds.

【文章大意】本文讲述了一种现象,获得奥斯卡奖的人的寿命往往要比没有得奖的人长,科学家研究得出,人的寿命与精神因素有关,精神因素越好,寿命就越长。

1.ThelongevityofOscarwinnersmainlyhassomethingtodowith______.

A.thebigmoneythatwasawarded

B.mentalfactors

C.richandcolorfullives

D.respectfromothersandbettertreatment

【解析】选B。

推理判断题。

根据第六段最后一句可知长寿跟精神因素有关。

2.TomhadfiveOscarnominationsbutwinnoOscarandPeterhadonlyonenominationandwonnoOscareither.Wecantell______.

A.TomprobablywillhavealongerlifethanPeter

B.PeterprobablywillhavealongerlifethanTom

C.bothTomandPeterprobablywillhavethesamelifeexpectancy

D.bothTomandPeterprobablywillhavealonglife

【解析】选C。

推理判断题。

根据最后一段内容可知这两人的寿命可能会是相同的。

3.Accordingtothepassage,weknow______.

A.whenKatharineHepburnwas94,sheknewherlonglifehadsomethingtodowithher4Oscarprizes

B.ingeneralthenumberofOscarprizeshasnothingtodowithaperson’slifeexpectancy

C.thatGwynethPaltrow’sfulloflifemadeRedelmeierdecidetodothestudy

D.ifyouwanttoliveahappyandlonglife,youshouldtakeactingcoursesandwinOscars

【解析】选C。

细节理解题。

根据文章倒数第二段可知,他是因为看到格温妮丝·帕特洛的出奇的活力才想要做这个研究的。

4.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.MostOscarWinnersLiveLongerLives

B.HowtoGetaLongLife

C.ANewStudyaboutLongLives

D.AnAmazingFinding

【解析】选A。

主旨大意题。

根据文章第一段Wanttolivelonger?

WinanOscar.以及全文内容可知赢得奥斯卡奖会使人活得更久。

选项A最适合做文章的标题。

B

（2018·山西省八校联考）SevenyearoldFaithneverthoughtmuchaboutputtingaprostheticlimb（假肢）whereherlefthandhadoncebeen,notuntilthelittlegirllearnedshecoulddesignherownlimb,tieitoneasilyandthenjumponherbikeandcycleawayatspeedspreviouslyonlyimagined.

Withfamilymembersoccasionallyshouting“Becareful”and“Watchoutforthatcar”，Faithfirmlyplacedhernewhand'sbrightblueandpinkfingersonherbikeandtookoffforaseeminglyendlesssojourn（逗留）aroundtheBuildItWorkspaceonTuesdaymorning.Inside,justashorttimebefore,thathandwasbuiltovernight.

“Idon'tthinkwe'llevergetheroffit，”saidhermother,Nicole,smilingasshewatchedherdaughtercontinuetocircletheparkinglotinthisOrangeCounty,Californiasuburb.

Theprostheticlimbrepresentsabreakthroughinsmallhandsthatareeconomicalandeasyforchildrentouse.

Faithhadcompartmentsyndrome（间隔综合征）whenherpositionduringchildbirth（分娩）cutofftheflowofbloodtoherleftforearm,severelydamaginghertissue,muscleandbone.Afterninemonthsoftryingtosavethelimb,doctorsdeterminedtheyhadtocutoffthepartjustbelowtheelbow.

HerparentswereworkingwiththenonprofitgroupENabletogethera3Dprintedhand,butthetechnologyissonewthatthere'sawaitinglist.ThenhermotherlearnedofwhatBuildItWorkspacecoulddofromafriend.

Althoughthecompany,foundedlessthanayearagobymechanicalengineerMarkLengsfeld,hasprintedouteverythingfrompumpsforoilandgascompaniestopartsforunmannedaerialvehicles（无人机）,thiswasthefirsthandLengsfeldandhisemployeeshadbuilt.

语篇解读：

本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。

一个失去部分左臂的小女孩安上了3D打印机打印的义肢，开心地骑上自行车并且能应付自如。

5．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A．Thewideuseof3Dprinting.

B．7yearoldFaithcanridethebikenow.

C．WhatBuildItWorkspacecoulddo.

D．3Dprintingbenefitsa7yearoldgirl.

解析：

选D　主旨大意题。

文章讲述了3D打印机打印的义肢如何使一个身有残缺的女孩重获快乐的故事。

6．WhywereFaith'sparentsunabletogeta3DprintedhandfromENable?

A．Itcoststoomuch.

B．Thetechnologyistoonew.

C．Manypeoplearewaitingforit.

D．ENablecan'tmakeahandforchildren.

解析：

选C　细节理解题。

从文章倒数第二段“butthetechnologyissonewthatthere'sawaitinglist”可知，因为等待的人很多，因此小女孩的父母没有能够从这个机构获得义肢。

7．Whatdoestheunderlined“it”inParagraph3referto?

A．Faith'sbike.B．The3Dprinter.

C．Theparkinglot.D．Faith'sprostheticlimb.

解析：

选A　代词指代题。

分析文章第三段可知，此处指小女孩骑上自行车十分开心，似乎要永远骑着“自行车”。

C

ThenewsofHarperLee'ssecondnovelbroketheInternet.GoSetaWatchmanwouldbepublishedinJuly.Leebecamearecluse（隐士）afterthepublicationofherfirstbook,ToKillaMockingbird,in1960.Althoughtheauthorhasbeenoutofthepubliceyeformorethan50years,thewavethatfollowedtheannouncementshowedhernovel'sbelovedplaceintheAmericanliteraryworks.

In1991,TheBookoftheMonthClubandtheLibraryofCongressconductedasurveythatmadereadersidentifybooksthathadmadeadifferenceintheirlives.Lee'sbookfollowedonlyTheBible.AlongsidetheworksofShakespeareandTwain,ToKillaMockingbirdremainsoneofthemostwidelytaughtbooksnationwide,reachinganestimated70%ofAmericanpublicschools.Whatmakesitsuchaperfectreadforyoungpeople?

EnglishclassisaplacewhereyoungAmericanscometoknowthemselves.Inthefoldsofdustybooks,studentscanmakecontactwithhumanitybeyondthesuperficial（肤浅的）conversationsoftheschoolhallways.Literaturepromisesrelief,aplacetofigureoutone'sproblemsandgettoknowoneselfbetter.

ToKillaMockingbirdparticularlydistinguishesitselfinthisregard.Itspeaksinachild'svoicewithouttreatingitsreadershipaschildren.Peoplehavecalleditan‘impossible’achievement,achildren'sbookpennedintheprose（散文）ofawelleducatedadult—it'sunlikelythatachildlikeScoutcouldexistintherealworld.Butthat'sexactlywhatmakesitsuchacharmingreadforyoungpeople.Italludesto（转弯抹角地说到）theconsciousnessofawelleducatedadultgoingthroughdifficultrealities,butshowsitthroughthelightandplayfulvoiceofacuriouslittlegirl.

篇章导读：

本文是一篇书评。

文章以哈珀·李的第二部小说的问世为引子，介绍了她的代表作《杀死一只知更鸟》。

4．InwhichyearmightGoSetaWatchmancomeout?

A．2015.B．1960.

C．1910.D．1991.

答案：

A　细节理解题。

根据文章第一段第三、四句中的“Leebecamearecluse（隐士）afterthepublicationofherfirstbook,ToKillaMockingbird,in1960.Althoughtheauthorhasbeenoutofthepubliceyeformorethan50years”可知，哈珀·李在1960年出版了第一本书《杀死一只知更鸟》后便归隐，远离了公众视线五十多年。

由此可推测，第二本书《设立守望者》只可能在2015年出版。

故选A项。

5．WhichbookleavesthedeepestimpressiononAmericanreaders?

A．GoSetaWatchman.

B．ToKillaMockingbird.

C．TheBible.

D．Shakespeare'sworks.

答案：

C　推理判断题。

根据文章第二段第一、二句“In1991,...conductedasurveythatmadereadersidentifybooksthathadmadeadifferenceintheirlives.Lee'sbookfollowedonlyTheBible.”可知，根据这个调查，读者认为《圣经》给他们的生活产生的影响最大，给人们的印象最为深刻，《杀死一只知更鸟》仅次于《圣经》。

故选C项。

6．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisRIGHTaboutToKillaMockingbird?

A．Itsauthormaybeaplayfulchild.

B．It'sastoryaboutawelleducatedadult.

C．Youngpeoplecanseethemselvesfromit.

D．It'simpossibleforchildrenlikeScouttoexist.

答案：

D　细节理解题。

根据第四段第三句中的“it'sunlikelythatachildlikeScoutcouldexistintherealworld”可知，像Scout这样的小孩是不可能存在于现实世界中的。

故选D项。

7．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A．TheGreatWriter:

HarperLee

B．TheGreatYoungPeopleNovel

C．VoicesFromChildren

D．DifferencesHarperLeeMade

答案：

B　主旨大意题。

通读全文可知，本文是围绕《杀死一只知更鸟》这本书而写的，这是一本受年轻人喜欢的小说。

故选B项。

D

Hiddeninoursub-consciousness（潜意识）isaperfectmentalpicture.Weseeourselvesonalongtripthatgoesacrossthecontinent.Wearetravelingbytrain.Outthewindows,wethinkinthepassingsceneofcarsonnearbyhighways,ofchildrenwavingatacrossing,ofcattlefeedingonadistanthillside,ofsmokepouringfromapowerplant,orrowuponrowofcornandwheat,offlatlandsandvalleys,ofmountainsandrollinghills,ofcityskylinesandvillagehalls.

Butuppermostinourmindsisthefinaldestination.Onacertaindayatacertainhour,wewillpullintothestation.Bandswillbeplayingandflagswaving.Oncewegetthere,somanywonderfuldreamswillcometrueandthepiecesofourliveswillfittogetherlikeacompletedjigsaw（拼图玩具）puzzle.Howrestlesslywepacetheaisles（通道）,condemningtheminutesforloitering（磨蹭）—waiting,waiting,waitingforthestation.

“Whenwereachthestation,thatwillbeit!

”wecry.“WhenI’m38.”“WhenIbuyanew450SLMercdesBenz!

”“WhenIputthelastkidthroughcollege.”“WhenIhavepaidofftheloan!

”“WhenIgetapromotion.”“WhenIreachtheageofretirement,Ishalllivehappilyeverafter!

”

Soonerorlater,wemustrealizethereisnostation,nooneplacetoarriveatonceandforall.Th