高中过去分词经典收藏.docx
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高中过去分词经典收藏.docx
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高中过去分词经典收藏
高中英语语法之动词过去分词
简介规则动词的过去分词一般是由动词加ed构成(具体规则见后),不规则动词的过去分词见不规则动词表。
过去分词则属于类动词
1. 及物动词的过去分词作表语,与句子主语是被动关系,表示主语的状态,不但表示被动,还表示已完成了.
The cup is broken. 茶杯破了.
2.不及物动词的过去分词作表语,与句子主语是主动关系,表示主语的状态,只表示动作的完成.
He is retired.他已退休.
3. 有些过去分词作表语时,构成的谓语很接近被动结构. 过去分词构成规则
1 、规则动词:
规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。
四点变化规则:
(1)、一般动词,在词尾直接加“ ed ”。
work---worked---worked ,visit---visited---visited
(2)、以“ e ”结尾的动词,只在词尾加“ d ”。
live---lived---lived ,
(3)、以“辅音字母 + y ”结尾的动词,将 "y" 变为 "i" ,再加“ ed ”。
study---studied---studied ,cry---cried---cried ,
(4)、重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母,先双写该辅音字母,再加“ ed ”。
stop---stopped---stopped , drop---dropped--dropped
2 、不规则动词,见不规则表
过去分词总结
一、过去分词(done)的基本含义:
被动、完成
abrokencuparisensunfallenleaves
Youhavetoraiseyourvoicetomakeyourselfheard.Defeatedtwice,hefeltveryhopeless.
二、过去分词作定语
1、单个的过去分词常作前置定语
alostwatchausedstampabrokencoinalightedcandlespokenEnglish
2、过去分词短语作后置定语
a.HowIregrettedthehourswastedinthewoods!
b.Ilikewearingclothesmadeofthiskindofcloth.
c.ThebookswrittenbyGuoJingmingarepopular.d.We’11gotovisitthebridgebuilthundredsofyearsago.
注意:
不及物动词的过去分词只有完成的意义
fallenleavestherisensunadvancedcountriesaretiredteacher
三、过去分词作表语
1、过去分词作表语,表示主语的特点或所处的状态
a.Everyonepresentisveryinspiredathisspeech.b.Youseemfrightened.C.Sheisastonishedtohearthenews.
2、过去分词作表语,构成的系表结构与被动语态的区别:
过去分词作表语,强调主语特点或所处状态;而被动语态中,主语是动词所表示动作的承受者,强调动作。
e.g.:
Thisshopisnowclosed.这家商店现在已经关门了。
()
Thisshopisclosedat6pmeveryday.这家商店每天6点关门。
()
四、过去分词作宾语补足语
Afterwakingup,Ifoundeveryonegone.Theyfoundtheirnewbikesstolen.
常用过去分词作宾补情况如下:
(1)感官动词后,如find,feel,hear,listento,lookat,notice,observe,see,smell,watch等。
a.Wefoundthedoorlocked.b.Theywouldliketoseetheplancarriedoutthenextyear.
c.Afterthestorm,Inoticedmanyleavesfallen.
(2)使役、致使役动词后,这类动词有get,have,leave,make,keep等。
d.Shehadherhaircutyesterday.e.Theykeptthedoorlockedforalongtime.
f.TheymanagedtomakethemselvesunderstoodinverysimpleEnglish.
(3)用在want,wish,like,expect等表示“希望,要求”这一类动词后
g.Thebosswouldn'tliketheproblemdiscussedatthemoment.h.Iwouldlikemyhousepaintedwhite.
五、过去分词作状语用来修饰谓语动词,在意义上可表示时间、原因、方式、伴随、条件、让步、结果等。
1.过去分词作状语过去分词作状语表示被动的和完成的动作.
(1)因为写得匆忙,这篇文章不是很好.
【注意】written为过去分词作状语,表示这篇文章是被写的,而且已经被写.
值得注意的是,有些过去分词因来源于系表结构,作状语时不表被动而表主动.这样的过去分词及短语常见的有:
lost(迷路);seated(坐);hidden(躲);stationed(驻扎);lost/absorbedin(沉溺于);born(出身于);dressedin(穿着);tiredof(厌烦).
(2)Lost/Absorbedindeepthought,hedidn'thearthesound.因为沉溺于思考之中,所以他没听到那个声音.
2.过去分词作状语时其逻辑主语为主句的主语,此时应注意人称一致.
再给我一个小时,我也能解这道题.
从山顶看城市,城市显得更漂亮
【注意】如果过去分词作状语时,前面再加逻辑主语,主句的主语就不再是分词的逻辑主语,这种带逻辑主语的过去分词结构实际上属于独立主格结构.
(1)Herheadheldhigh,shewentby.她把头昂得高高地从这儿走了过去.(herhead是heldhigh的逻辑主语,因此主句主语she就不再是heldhigh的逻辑主语.)
(2)信号一发出,汽车就开动了.
(_______是_________的逻辑主语,因此主句主语是_________
3.过去分词作状语来源于状语从句.
(1)因为淋了一场大雨,所以他全身湿透了.
(2)_如果种在肥沃的土壤里,这些种子能长得很快.
【注意】状语从句改成过去分词作状语时有时还可保留连词,构成"连词+过去分词"结构作状语.
当你做体格检查时要保持镇定.
4.过去分词作状语的位置.过去分词可放在主句前作句首状语,后面有逗号与主句隔开;也可放在主句后面,前面有逗号与主句隔开.
Hestoodtheresilently,movedtotears.=
他静静地站在那里,被感动得热泪盈眶.
四、当过去分词作为宾语补足语
(一)能够接过去分词作宾补的动词有以下四类:
1.表示感觉或心理状态的动词.如:
see,watch,observe,lookat,hear,listento,feel,notice,think等.
(1)我听到有人用英语唱过这首歌
(2)他发现他的家乡变化很大.
2.表示"致使"意义的动词.如:
have,make,get,keep,leave等.
(1)明天我要理发.
(2)他昨天把牙拔了.
(3)Don'tleavethosethingsundone.要把那些事情做完.
3.表示爱憎、意愿的动词如want,wish,like,hate等后。
如:
(1)Iwantedtwoticketsreserved.我要预定两张机票。
(2)他不愿这事被提起。
【注意】过去分词所表示的动作一定和宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系.
(二)使役动词have接过去分词作宾补有两种情况.
1.过去分词所表示的动作由他人完成.
Hehadhismoneystolen.他的钱给偷了.(被别人偷去了)
2.过去分词所表示的动作由句中的主语所经历.如:
Hehadhislegbroken.他的腿断了.(自己的经历)
五、"with+宾语+过去分词"的结构
此结构中,过去分词用作介词with的宾语补足语.这一结构通常在句中作时间,方式,条件,原因等状语.
(1)Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishandstiedbehindhisback.凶手被带进来了,他的双手被绑在背后.(表方式)
(2)Withwaterheated,wecanseethesteam.水一被加热,我们就会看到水蒸气.(表条件)
(3)事情得到解决,我们都回家了.(表原因)
(4)她站在他面前,眼睛注视着他.
(5)他仍然举着手站了一会儿.
六、with的复合结构,即with+宾语+宾补
1.With+宾语+adj.Helefttheclassroomwiththedooropen.
2.With+宾语+adv.Hewenttotheairportandpickeduphisfatherwiththeheateron.
3.With+宾语+prep.Theoldsoldieralwaystoldstorieswithchildrenaroundhim.
4.With+宾语+doing.Hewalkedinwithhissonfollowing.
5.With+宾语+done.Hewalkedinwithhishandstiedtohisback.
6.With+宾语+todo.Withmuchworktodo,Ican’tgotothecinemawithyou.
过去分词作定语和表语专题练习
一.请用适当的分词填空。
1.A.Nobodywasinthestoryhetold.(interested,interesting)
B.Thestoryhetoldwasvery.(interested,interesting)
2.A.Everybodywastohearthenews.(excited,exciting)
B.Thenewsisveryindeed.(excited,exciting)
3.A.Theresultofthetestwasrather.(disappointed,disappointing)
B.Hewasveryattheresultofthetest.(disappointed,disappointing)
4.A.Whathesaidwasvery(amused,amusing)
B.Iwasveryatthesight.(amused,amusing)
二.选择题
1.Fivepeoplewontheaward,atitle_____toordinarypeoplefortheircontributionstoenvironmentalprotections.
A.beinggivenBisgiven.C.givenD.wasgiven
2.Tomsoundsverymuch_________inthejob,butI’mnotsurewhetherhecanmanageit.
A.interestedB.interestingC.interestinglyDinterestedly
3.-----Whowouldyouliketoseeatthemoment?
------Theman_____John.
A.calledhimB.wecallhimCcallingD.called
4.Thebell_____theendoftheperiodrang,_______ourheateddiscussion.
A.indicating,interruptingBindicated;interrupting
C.indicating;interruptedD.indicated;interrupted.
5.Thechildrenwereall_______aftertheyheardthe_______newsthattheywouldbesenttoAustraliainternationalexchangestudents(国际交换生).
A.inspired;inspiringB.inspired;inspiredCinspiring;inspiredD.inspiring;inspiring
6.The_____glasscupwas______byJohn.
A.breaking;brokenB.breaking;breakingC.broken,brokenD.broken;breaking
7.-----Look!
Everythinghereisunderconstruction.
-----Oh,hasthemuseumonce_______forexhibitingkitesbeenpulleddown(推倒),too?
A.havingbeenbuiltBbuiltCbeenbuiltD.beingbuilt
8.Thedisc,________intheradio,soundedgoodatthepartythatnight.
A.recordedB.recordingC.toberecordedD.havingrecorded
9.Don’tusewords,_______onlytopeoplewithspecificknowledge.
A.beingknownB.havingbeenknownC.tobeknownD.known
10.Theflowers_______sweetinthegardenattractthevisitors.
A.tosmellB.smellingC.smeltD.tobesmelt
11.DidyougotothepartyonNewYear`sEve?
A.heldB.tobeholdingC.tobeheldD.beingheld
12.Thetelevisionisamachine.
A.newlyinventedB.newinventedC.newlyinventD.newinvention
13.EnglishisdifferentfromEnglishinmanyways.
A.Spoken,writtenB.Speaking,writtenC.Spoken,writingD.Speak,write
14.Travelingis,butweoftenfeelwhenwe
arebackfromtravels.
A.interesting,tiredB.interested,tiringC.interesting,tiringD.interested,tired
15.Thefilmwassothatallofusweretotears.
A.moved,movingB.moving,movedC.moving,movingD.moved,moved
16.TheOlympicGames,in776B.C.,didnotincludewomenplayersuntil1912.
A.firstplayedB.tobefirstplayedC.firstplayingD.tobefirstplaying
17.Thepictureonthewallispaintedbymyfather.
A.havinghungB.hangingC.hangsD.beinghung
18.Pricesofgoods,throughacomputer,canbelowerthanstoreprices.
A.areboughtB.boughtC.beenboughtD.buying
19.MostofthepeopletothepartywerefromSouthAfrica.
A.invitedB.toinviteC.beinginvitedD.hadbeeninvited
20.Thecomputercenter,lastyear,isverypopularamongthestudentsinthisschool.
A.openB.openingC.havingopenedD.opened
21.Cleaningwomeninbigcitiesusuallygetbythehour.
A.payB.payingC.paidD.topay
22.---Howdoyoudealwiththedisagreementbetweenthecompanyandthecustomers?
---Thekeytheproblemistomeetthedemandbythecustomers.
A.tosolving;makingB.tosolving;madeC.tosolve;makingD.tosolve;made
过去分词作宾语补足语专题训练
过去分词作宾语补足语经典范例:
Text1
1.NowwhenpeoplerefertoEnglandyoufindWales___________aswell.(include)
2.FinallytheEnglishgovernmenttriedintheearlytwentiethcenturytoformtheUnitedKingdombygettingIreland___________inthesamepeacefulway.(connect)
Text2
1.Tohergreatsurprise,ZhangPingyufoundtheQueen'sjewels________specialroyalsoldierswho,onspecialoccasions,stillworethefour-hundred-year-olduniformofthetimeofQueenElizabethI.(guard)
2.ItpassesthroughGreenwich,soPingyuhadaphoto_______standingoneithersideoftheline.(take)
过去分词作宾语补足语基本结构:
see/hear/find/feel/have/make/keep/get/want/wish/would/like/with等+sth(通常是物)+V-ed(动词过去分词)
1、用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1.I'dliketoseetheplan________(carry)out.
2.Atthatmoment,Isawhim_________(cross)theroad.
3.Iwasgladtoseethechildrenwell_______(take)careof.
4.TolearnEnglishwell,weshouldfindopportunitiestohearEnglish_____(speak)asmuchaswecan.
5.Sheraisedhervoicetomakeherself________(hear)byallthepeopleinthehall.
6.Iwassurprisedtofindmyhometown_________(change)somuch.
7.Hegothistooth_________(pull)outyesterday.
8.IheardanEnglishsong________(sing)byalittlegirlwhenIpassedbyherroomyesterday.
9.It'swrongofyoutoleavethemachine_________(run)allthetime.
10.Whilewalkingalongthestreet,Iheardmyname________(call).
11.Eventhebestwriterssometimesfindthemselves________(lose)forwords.
12.MichaelputupapictureofYaoMingbesidethebedtokeep
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