英语专业四级考试真题及答案.docx
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英语专业四级考试真题及答案.docx
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英语专业四级考试真题及答案
2018年英语专业四级考试真题及参考答案
PARTIIILANGUAGEUSAGE
Therearetwentysentencesinthissection.BeneatheachsentencetherearefouroptionsmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatbestcompletesthesentenceoranswersthequestion.MarkhouranswersonANSWERSHEETTWO.
11.TheBentPyramidoutsideCairo__________ancientEgypt’sfirstattempttobuildasmooth-sidedpyramid.
A.hasbeenbelievedtohavebeen
B.wasbelievedtobe
C.isbelievedtohavebeen
D.isbelievedtobe
12.U.S.News____________rankingsofcollegessince1983.Theyareaverypopularresourceforstudentslookingtoapplytouniversitycampus.
A.maintains
B.ismaintaining
C.maintained
D.hasbeenmaintaining
13.Hewasluredintoacrimehewouldnot____________havecommitted.
A.actually
B.accidentally
C.otherwise
D.seldom
14.Shewasonceayoungcountrywifewithchickensinthebackyardandaviewof_____________mountainsbehindtheappleorchard.
A.bluehazyVirginia
B.hazyblueVirginia
C.Virginiahazyblue
D.Virginiabluehazy
15.Ilongtoalleviate__________,butIcannot.
A.theevil
B.evil
C.evils
D.anevil
16.Indeed,itisarguablethatbodyshatteringistheverypointoffootball,askillingandmaiming______________.
A.war
B.arewar
C.ofwar
D.areofwar
17.At____________,photographyisachemicalprocess,duringwhichalight-sensitivematerialisalteredwhenexposedtolight.
A.itsmostbasic
B.itsbasic
C.themostbasic
D.thebasic
18.Shehiredalawyertoinvestigate,onlytolearnthatGabrielhadremovedhernamefromthedeed.Theinfinitiveverbphrase“onlytolearn”isused__________.
A.toexpressanintendedpurpose
B.toindicateahighdegreeofpossibility
C.torevealanundesirableconsequence
D.todramatizeastatedfact
19.WhichofthefollowingitalicizedwordsDOESNOTcarrythemetaphoricalmeaning?
A.Iwonderwhat’sbehindthischangeofplan.
B.Jimturnedtospeaktothepersonstandingbehindhim.
C.Thisworkshouldhavebeenfinishedyesterday.I’mgettingterriblybehind.
D.IsupposeI’mluckybecausemyparentswerebehindmealltheway.
20.Mymotherwasdeterminedtohelpthoseinneedandshewouldhavebeenimmenselyproudofwhathasbeenachievedtheselast20years.Theitalicizedpartinthesentenceexpresses_______.
A.ahypothesis
B.asuggestion
C.acontradiction
D.asurprise
21.WhenthepoliceofficerswhotookpartintheKingbeatingwerefirstbroughtto___________,theirlawyersusedthevideotapeasevidenceagainsttheprosecution.
A.justice
B.testimony
C.trial
D.verdict
22._________,themostcontroversialcandidateintheelectioncampaign,hehasbeenstronglycriticizedforhiscrudecommentsaboutwomen.
A.Questionably
B.Arguably
C.Contentiously
D.Debatably
23.Priceshaverecentlyriseninorderto__________theincreasedcostofrawmaterials.
A.cut
B.buoy
C.offer
D.offset
24.Thecelebritysaysincourtpapersshe“hasno__________ofgivinganyauthorizationtoanyonetoproceedwithadivorce.”
A.recommendation
B.recording
C.recollection
D.recognition
25.Whatactually__________agoodangle—oragoodselfieoverall—isrootedinwhatweconsiderbeautiful.
A.consists
B.constitutes
C.composes
D.constructs
26.Theschoolisgoingthe________miletocreatethenextgenerationofsportingstarsthankstoitsuniquedevelopmentprogram.
A.final
B.further
C.supplementary
D.extra
27.Theteachers’union_________alawsuitagainstthedistrictcallingforrepairing“deplorable”schoolconditions.
A.fired
B.filed
C.fined
D.filled
28.LastMarchthe__________ofa19thcenturycargoshipwasfoundbyanunderwaterarchaeologicalteam.
A.debris
B.ruins
C.remains
D.wreck
29.She’swornhisdesignson__________occasionsfromredcarpetstomoviepremieres.
A.countless
B.countable
C.numerical
D.numeral
30.Aleading___________intelligenceandoperationscompanyhasreleaseditsanalysisofworldwidereportedincidentsofpiracyandcrimeagainstmariners.
A.oceangoing
B.oceanic
C.marine
D.maritime
PARTIVCLOZE
Decidewhichofthewordsgivenintheboxbelowwouldbestcompletethepassageifinsertedinthecorrespondingblank.ThewordscanbeusedONCEONLY.MarktheletterforeachwordonANSWERSHEET.
A.accompaniesB.automaticallyC.coupleD.goesE.indebtedness
F.kindG.mannerH.mercifullyI.oneJ.obey
K.renownedL.subscribeM.unknownN.virtueO.widespread
AFewyearsago,auniversityprofessortriedalittleexperiment.HesentChristmascardstoasampleofperfectstrangers.Althoughheexpectedsomereaction,theresponsehereceivedwasamazing—holidaycardsaddressedtohimcamepouringbackfromthepeoplewhohadnevermetnorheardofhim.Thegreatmajorityofthosewhoreturnedacardneverinquiredintotheidentityoftheunknownprofessor.Theyreceivedhisholidaygreetingcard,andtheyautomaticallysentoneinreturn.Thisstudyshowstheactionofoneofthemostpowerfuloftheweaponsofinfluencearoundus—theruleforreciprocation.Therulesaysthatweshouldtrytorepay,inkind,whatanotherpersonhasprovidedus.Ifawomandoesusafavor,weshoulddoheroneinreturn;ifamansendsusabirthdaypresent,weshouldrememberhisbirthdaywithagiftofourown;ifacoupleinvitesustoaparty,weshouldbesuretoinvitethemtooneofours.Byvirtueofthereciprocityrule,then,weareobligatedtothefuturerepaymentoffavors,gifts,invitations,andthelike.Sotypicalisitforindebtednesstoaccompanythereceiptofsuchthingsthatatermlike“muchobliged”hasbecomeasynonymfor“thankyou,”notonlyintheEnglishlanguagebutinothersaswell.
Theimpressiveaspectoftheruleforreciprocationandthesenseofobligationthatgoeswithitisitspervasivenessinhumanculture.Itissowidespreadthatafterintensivestudy,sociologistssuchasAlvinGoldenercanreportthatthereisnohumansocietythatdoesnotsubscribetotherule.
PARTVREADINGCOMPREHENSION
SECTIONAMULTIPLECHOICEQUESTIONS
Inthissectiontherearethreepassagesfollowedbytenmultiplechoicequestions.Foreachmultiplechoicequestion,therearefoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosetheonethatyouthinkisthebestanswerandmarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEETTWO.
PASSAGEONE
(1)TheearliestsettlerscametotheNorthAmericancontinenttoestablishcoloniesthatwerefreefromthecontrolsthatexistedinEuropeansocieties.Theywantedtoescapethecontrolsplacedontheirlivesbykingsandgovernments,priestsandchurches,noblemenandaristocrats.ThehistoricdecisionsmadebythosefirstsettlershavehadaprofoundeffectontheshapingoftheAmericancharacter.Bylimitingthepowerofthegovernmentandthechurchesandeliminatingaformalaristocracy,theycreatedaclimateoffreedomwheretheemphasiswasontheindividual.IndividualfreedomisprobablythemostbasicofalltheAmericanvalues.Byfreedom,Americansmeanthedesireandtheabilityofallindividualstocontroltheirowndestinywithoutoutsideinterferencefromthegovernment,arulingnobleclass,thechurch,oranyotherorganizedauthority.
(2)Thereis,however,apricetobepaidforthisindividualfreedom:
self-reliance.ItmeansthatAmericansbelievetheyshouldstandontheirownfeet,achievingbothfinancialandemotionalindependencefromtheirparentsasearlyaspossible,usuallybyage18or21.
(3)AsecondimportantreasonwhyimmigrantshavetraditionallybeendrawntotheUnitedStatesisthebeliefthateveryonehasaequalchancetoenteraraceandsucceedinthegame.BecausetitlesofnobilitywereforbiddenintheConstitution,noformalclasssystemdevelopedintheU.S.
(4)Thereis,however,apricetobepaidforthisequalityofopportunity:
competition.Ifmuchoflifeisseenasrace,thenapersonmustruntheraceinordertosucceed;apersonmustcompetewithothers.ThepressuresofcompetitioninthelifeofanAmericanbegininchildhoodandcontinueuntilretirementfromwork.Infact,anygroupofpeoplewhodoesnotcompetesuccessfullydoesnotfitintothemainstreamofAmericanlifeaswellasthosewhodo.
(5)AthirdreasonwhyimmigrantshavetraditionallycometotheUnitedStatesistohaveabetterlife.Becauseofitsabundantnaturalresources,theUnitedStatesappearedtobea“landofplentywheremillionscouldcometoseektheirfortunes.Thephrase“goingfromragstoriches”becameasloganfortheAmericandream.Manypeopledidachievematerialsuccess.MaterialwealthbecameavaluetotheAmericanpeople,anditalsobecameanacceptedmeasureofsocialstatus.
(6)Americanspayaprice,however,fortheirmaterialwealth:
hardwork.HardworkhasbeenbothnecessaryandrewardingformostAmericansthroughouttheirhistory.Insomeways,materialpossessionsareseenasevidenceofpeople’sabilities.BarryGoldwater,acandidateforthepresidencyin1964,saidthatmostpoorpeoplearepoorbecausetheydeservetobe.MostAmericanswouldfindthisaharshstatement,butmanymightthinktherewassometruthinit.
(7)ThesebasicvaluesdonottellthewholestoryoftheAmericancharacter.Rather,theyshouldbethoughtofasthemes,aswecontinuetoexploremorefacetsoftheAmericancharacterandhowitaffectslifeintheUnitedStates.
41.Para.4seemstosuggestthat__________.
A.Americansarebornwithasenseofcompetition
B.thepressureofcompetitionbeginswhenonestartswork
C.successfulcompetitionisessentialinAmericansociety
D.competitionresultsinequalityofopportunities
42.WhichofthefollowingmethodsdoestheauthormainlyuseinexplainingAmericanvalues?
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