考试宝典职称英语考试理工类完形填空测试题.docx
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考试宝典职称英语考试理工类完形填空测试题.docx
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考试宝典职称英语考试理工类完形填空测试题
【考试宝典】2014年职称英语考试理工类完形填空测试题
GermsonBanknotes
Peopleindifferentcountriesusedifferenttypesof1__________yuaninChina,pesosinMexico,poundsintheUnitedKingdom,dollarsintheUnitedStates,AustraliaandNewZealand.Theymayuse2__________currencies,butthesecountries,andprobablyallcountries,stillhaveonethingincommon1:
Germsonthebanknotes.
Scientistshavebeenstudyingthegermsonmoneyforwellover2100years.Attheturnofthe20th3__________,someresearchersbegantosuspectthatgermslivingonmoneycouldspreaddisease.
Moststudiesofgermymoneyhavelookedatthegermsonthecurrency4__________onecountry.Inanewstudy,FrankVriesekoop3andotherresearcherscomparedthegermpopulationsfoundonbillsofdifferent5__________.
Vriesekoop3isamicrobiologistattheUniversityofBallaratinAustralia4.Heledthestudy,whichcomparedthegermpopulationsfoundonmoney6__________from10nations.Thescientistsstudied1,280banknotesintotal;allcamefromplaceswherepeoplebuyfood,likesupermarketsstreetvendorsandcafes,7__________thosebusinessesoftenrelyoncash.
Overall,theAustraliandollarshostedthefewestlivebacteria----nomorethan10persquarecentimeter.Chineseyuanhadthemost----about100persquarecentimeter.Mostofthegermsonmoneyprobablywouldnotcauseharm.
Whatwecall“paper”moneyusuallyisn'tmadefrompaper.TheU.S.dollar,forexample,isprintedonfabricthatismostly8__________.Differentcountriesmayusedifferent9__________toprinttheirmoney.SomeofthecurrenciesstudiedbyVriesekoopandhis10__________suchastheAmericandollarweremadefromcotton.Othersweremadefrompolymers.
Thethree11__________withthelowestnumbersofbacteriawereallprintedonpolymers.TheyincludedtheAustraliandollar,theNewZealanddollarandsomeMexicanpesos.
Theothercurrencieswereprintedonfabricmade12__________ofcotton.Fewergermslivedonthepolymernotes.Thisconnectionsuggeststhat13__________haveahardertimestayingaliveonpolymersurfaces.Scientistsneedtodomorestudiestounderstandhowgermsliveonmoney-----andwhetherornotweneedtobeconcerned.Vnesekoopisnowstartingastudythatwill14__________theamountsoftimebacteriacanstayaliveondifferenttypesofbills.
WhateverVriesekoopfinds,thefactremains:
PapermoneyharborsgermsWeshouldwashour15aftertouchingit;afterall5__________,youneverknowwhereyourmoney'sbeen.Orwhat'slivingonit
练习:
1.AcoinsBmoneyCchequesDloans
2.AdifferentBcleanChardDforeign
3.AanniversaryByearCdecadeDcentury
4.AalongBwithCwithinDoutside
5.AcountriesBareasCregionsDprovinces
6.AdeliveredBborrowedCgatheredDdesigned
7.AbecauseBthoughCwhenDwhere
8.AplasticBrubberCcottonDpaper
9.AlanguagesBcolorsCsubstancesDmaterials
10.AfamilyBteamCadvisorDboss
11.AexpensesBbanksCstatementsDcurrencies
12.AnearlyBmostlyClikelyDmerely
13.AdirtBwaterCgermsDoil
14.AcompareBconnectCconductDcommand
15.AarmsBhandsCfaceDclothes
PaperorPlastic?
TakeawalkalongtheChesapeakeBay,andyouarelikelytoseeplasticbagsfloatinginthewater.Theyhavemadetheir_______(51)intolocalwaterwaysand,fromthere,intothebay,wheretheycan________(52)wildlife.Pilesofthemshowupinlandfills(垃圾填埋地)andoncitystreets.Plasticbagsalsotakeanenvironmentaltoll(代价)inthe__________(53)ofmillionsofbarrelsofoilexpendedeveryyeartoproducethem.
EnterAnnapolisandyouwillseeplasticbags_______(54)freeindepartmentstoresandsupermarkets.Alderman(市议员)SamShoeshinehasintroducedawell-meaning_______(55)tobanretailersfromdistributingplasticshoppingbagsupMaryland’Scapital.Instead,retailerswouldberequiredtorecycledpaperandtosellreusablebags.ThecityofBaltimore.similarmeasure.Opponentsoftheareharmful,too:
Theycostmoreto’make;they_______(58),however_______(56)bagsmadeof________(57)aarguethatpaperbags_______(59)moreresourcesto.transport,andrecyclingthemcausesmorepollutionthanrecyclingplastic.TheargumentfordeprivingAnnapolisresidentsEveryoneinthis_________(60)theirplasticbagsisfarfromaccepted________(61)isrightaboutonething:
Disposableshoppingbagsofanytypearewasteful,andthebestoutcomewouldbeforcustomersto________(62)bagsinstead.Annapolis’mayorisinvestigatinghowtohandoutfree,reusableshoppingbagstocityresidents,aproposalthatcanproceed________(63)ofwhetherotherbagsarebanned.Aless-expensivealternativewouldbetoencourageretailerstogivebemore________(64)tocustomerswhobringtheirownreusablebags.Andthispolicywould_________(65)ifstoresimitatedfurnituremega—retailer(超人零售商)Ikeaandchargedfordisposablebagsatthecheckoutcounter.Abroadbanontheuseofplasticshoppingbagsisnottheanswer.
51.AdifferenceBpointCprogressDway
52.AharmBhelpCkeepDprotect
53.AlightBformCtimeDplace
54.AdroppedBpackedCputDdistributed
55.AproposalBserviceCsystemDchange
56.AopenBfillCofferDhold
57.AgettingBconsideringCreplacingDimproving
58.AideaBeffectCtechnologyDbehavior
59.AlimitBprovideCdestroyDconsume
60.AfromBwithCofDin
61.AdebateBorganizationCprojectDprogram
62.AreformBreuseCrepairDreduce
63.AinsteadBbecauseCregardlessDcareless
64.AexamplesBinstructionsCdiscountsDreceipts
65.AimpressiveBeffectiveCformalDtypical
BetterControlofTBSeenIfaFasterCureIsFound
TheWorldHealthOrganization1estimatesthataboutone-thirdofallpeopleareinfectedwithbacteriathatcausetuberculosis.Mosttimes,theinfectionremainsinactive.ButeachyearabouteightmillionpeopledevelopactivecasesofTB,usuallyintheir______1______.Twomillionpeopledie______2______it.Thediseasehas______3______withthespreadofAIDSanddrug-resistantformsoftuberculosis.
Currenttreatmentstakeatleastsixmonths.Peoplehaveto______4______acombinationofseveralantibioticdrugsdaily.Butmanypeoplestop______5______theyfeelbetter.Doingthatcan_______6______toaninfectionthatresiststreatment.Publichealthexpertsagreethatafaster-actingcurefortuberculosiswouldbemoreeffective.Nowastudyestimatesjusthow_______7______itmightbe.AprofessorofinternationalhealthatHarvardUniversity2ledthestudy.JoshuaSalomonsaysashortertreatmentprogramwouldlikelymeannotjustmorepatients_______8_____.Itwouldalsomean______9______infectiouspatientswhocanpassontheirinfectiontoothers.
Theresearchersdevelopedamathematicalmodeltoexaminetheeffectsofatwo-monthtreatmentplan.They______10______themodelwithcurrentTBconditionsinSoutheastAsia.Thescientistsfoundthatatwo-monthtreatmentcouldpreventabouttwentypercentofnewcases.Anditmight______11______abouttwenty-fivepercentofTBdeaths.Themodelshowsthatthese______12_____wouldtakeplacebetweentwothousandtwelveandtwothousandthirty.Thatis,ifafastercureisdevelopedandinwideusebytwothousandtwelve.
TheWorldHealthOrganization______13______theDOTS3programinnineteenninety.DOTSisDirectlyObservedTreatment,Short-course.Healthworkerswatchtuberculosispatientstaketheirdailypillstomake______14______theycontinuetreatment.
Earlierthisyear,aninternationalpartnershipoforganizationsannouncedaplantoexpandtheDOTSprogram.Theten-yearplanalsoaimstofinanceresearch______15______newTBdrugs.Thefourmostcommondrugsusednowaremorethanfortyyearsold.TheGlobalAllianceforTBDrugDevelopment4saysitslong-termgoalisatreatmentthatcouldworkinasfewastendoses.
1.A)kidneysB)lungsC)bonesD)livers
2.A)withB)withoutC)ofD)outof
3.A)increasedB)decreasedC)changedD)disappeared
4.A)makeB)takeC)tryD)test
5.A)asifB)asthoughC)asfarasD)assoonas
6.A)referB)applyC)leadD)amount
7.A)effectiveB)ineffectiveC)expensiveD)inexpensive
8.A)curedB)tocureC)beingcuredD)havingbeencured
9.A)manyB)moreC)fewD)fewer
10.A)providedB)introducedC)testedD)tempted
11.A)bringaboutB)contributedtoC)promoteD)prevent
12.A)increasesB)reductionsC)creationsD)collections
13.A)developedB)inventedC)delayedD)refused
14.A)easyB)uneasyC)sureD)unsure
15.A)withB)toC)ontoD)into
答案:
BCABDCAACCDBBCD
TheDifferencebetweenManandComputer
Whatmakespeopledifferentfromcomputerprograms?
Whatisthemissingelementthatourtheoriesdon’tyet
(1)______for?
Theanswerissimple:
Peoplereadnewspaperstoriesforareason:
tolearnmoreabout
(2)______theyareinterestedin.Computers,ontheotherhand,don't.Infact,computersdon't(3)______haveinterests;thereisnothinginparticularthattheyaretryingtofindoutwhentheyread.Ifacomputer(4)______istobeamodelofstoryunderstanding,itshouldalsoreadfora"purpose".
Ofcourse,peoplehaveseveralgoalsthatdonotmake(5)______toattributetocomputers.Onemightreadarestaurantguide(6)______ordertosatisfyhungerorentertainmentgoals,orto(7)______agoodplacetogoforabusinesslunch.Computersdonotgethungry,andcomputersdonothavebusinesslunches.
However,thesephysiologicalandsocialgoalsgive(8)______toseveralintellectualorcognitivegoals.Agoaltosatisfyhungergivesrisetogoalstofind(9)______aboutthenameofarestaurantwhich(10)______thedesiredtypeoffood,how
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