专题六英语短文改错专题.docx
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专题六英语短文改错专题.docx
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专题六英语短文改错专题
高三英语(人教版)第二轮专题辅导讲座
专题六:
英语短文改错专题
【命题趋向】
短文改错是一项主要测试考生的判断能力,观察能力、纠错能力语言基础知识及语言的综合运用能力。
短文改错的趋势:
1改错短文以以记叙文和说明文为主。
2文章内容贴近学生生活,没有生僻词汇和复杂的结构,文章简单易懂,错误设置也很简单,多为学生平常作文中常出现的错误。
3.短文一般100词左右,错误有9处。
4常见错有三种;错词;多词;缺词;错词占60%左右
【考点透视】
一.错词的热点
动词—时态语态非谓语;主谓关系
联系词—关系代词和关系副词;连词;连接词
名词—可数名词、不可数名词,可数名字的单复数变化。
介词—介词和动词的搭配错误
形容词/副词—词类错用
冠词—定冠词和不定冠词的错用
代词—人称代词;物主代词;反身代词
惯用法—固定句型,固定短语。
二.多词和缺词热点
1.冠词
2.介词
3.副词
4.代词
5.关联词
6.小品词to
【例题解析】
错词
1.动词错误:
时态和语态、主谓一致的错误。
【1】整体时态:
*WehadguestslastnightwhohavenotstayedinaB&Bhotelbefore.
定语从句的时态在主句之前发生,故have改为had。
*Highoverthewater,theydiscoveraholeintheballoon.Theholebecamebiggerandbigger.
全篇使用过去时态,故改discover--discovered
【3】主谓一致
*Havingfunwiththeirfriendsmakethemhappy.
动名词短语做主语,谓语动词用单数形式makes。
*Butthemostwonderfulthingaboutjackwerehismusicalability。
主语为themostwonderfulthing故此,系词为was
*Butnotallinformationaregoodtosociety.
主语不可数,所以动词用is。
(2.)动词错误:
*InAmericanbigcities,thousandssellticketstowatchfootballorbasketballgames.(buy)
根据句子意思,数千人买票去看比赛。
故sell改为buy。
(3)非谓语动词
【1】动名词错误
*Iamlookingforwardtoseeallofyouagaininthenearfuture.(seeing)
解析:
to为介词,故此see改为seeing
*Notonlyitmakesusgrowuptallandstrongbutalsogivesusasenseoffairplayandteamspirit.
解析:
主语应为动名词,故Playfootball改为Playingfootball
【2】现在分词
*Theairkeepstheballoonupwasescapingquicklyandtheballoonwascomingdown.
解析:
分词做定语,故keeps改为keeping
*Ifoundasmallhousestandinginafieldwithalightshonefromthesittingroom.
解析:
withalightshone改为withalightshining。
alight和shining为主动关系。
【3】不定式
*Ijustwanttothankyouforhelpingmebecomingadifferentperson.(become)
解析:
helpsbdosth故改becoming为become
*Hedidnotwantsharethingswithothers.
解析:
wanttosharesth.want后可跟不定式做宾语。
【4】过去分词
*Ihavesomerecordsgivingtomeasbirthdaygifts.
解析:
havesthdone,somerecords和give是被动关系,故改为given。
2.连词错误:
*Icameintothelivingroomandsawoneofthemjustgothroughthekitchendoorbutturnonthelight.
解析:
根据句意,“我看到他们中的一个人走进厨房,并且打开灯。
”两个分句子之间是并列关系。
故改but为and
*Wewouldreturnatnighttohearthathe`dpickedupfromtheradiointheday.
解析:
考查宾语从句,pickup缺宾语,故改that为what
*Theclasseshelpedmeunderstandwhattheworldworks
解析:
根据句子意思,“这些课程有助于我了解世界是怎么运转的”故改what为how。
3.形容词/副词错用:
*Youalwaysgavemespeciallyattention.
解析:
名词应该被形容词special修饰。
*Itisrealagoodchancetohavemetallofyouhere.
解析:
副词really修饰系词,故改real为really。
*Myhometownhastakenonanewlook.Howgreatithaschanged!
解析:
great修饰动词,故改为:
greatly
4.冠词错误:
*ThisismyfirstvisittoaAmericanfamily.(an)
解析:
American第一个音标的音素是元音,故用an.
*Eachplayermustobeycaptain,whoistheleaderoftheteam.
解析:
有定语修饰,the特指captain.
*Suddenly,IcaughtasightofmyEnglishteacherinthecrowd.
解析:
固定搭配catchsightof.故此去掉冠词a。
5.代词错误:
【1】反身代词
*Ijustsmiledtomeandthought,…
解析:
主语和宾语相同,故此me—myself。
【2】形容词性物主代词
*Besides,theforeignteachershereworkhardandtryhisbesttomaketheactivitieslivelyandinteresting.(his--their)
解析:
主语是第三人称复数,因此tryone`sbest
【3】it/that/them/us
*Ithoughtthatwasdulltowatchagameinwhichplayerskickedaballtoeachother.
解析:
that不可以做形式主语,故改为it。
*Itwasaboutnoonwhenwhenwearrivedatthefootofthemountain.Thethreeofthemwereveryexcited.前后人称错误。
故此改them为us.
6.名词单复数和名词的所有格的错误
*Shemarkedstrictlyonstudent`sperformance.(students`)
解析:
根据句意,学生们的表演,故改为students`performance
*Physicsisoneofthemostdifficultsubjectforus(subjects)
解析:
oneof说明后面为复数形式。
*WepracticethreetimeseveryweekandoftenwatchfootballmatchonTVtogether.
解析:
常常看比赛,故此match改为matches.
*Ihavenopaperstowriteon.
解析:
纸不可数,所以改为paper
7.介词错误
*HeleftShanghaiatacoldnight.
解析:
一天的部分被修饰时,介词用on,
*Iamanewcomerofasmalltown.
解析:
根据句子意思,来自一个小镇comefromasmalltown.
*Iwascaughtbytherainlastnight
解析:
固定短语becaughtintherain遇上雨。
8.语意错误
*Thousandssellticketstowatchfootballorbasketballgames.
解析:
句子意思:
数千人卖掉票去看足球或者篮球比赛。
故此错误,sell—buy
*Notallpeopleliketoworkandeveryoneliketoplay.
解析:
句子意思:
并非所有的人都喜欢工作,并且所有的人喜欢玩。
语意错误,应该为转折关系,and—but
二.多余词
多词一般为:
冠词/连词/介词/系词be助词等。
【1】连词多余:
*Theydidnotwantbreakfastbecausethattheyweregoingoutearlyinthemorning.
解析:
连词多余,故此去掉(that),原句是状语从句。
【2】介词多余:
*ThecrowdwaitingfortogreettheminEnglandwasverysurprised.(for)
解析:
没有宾语,所以去掉for。
【3】冠词多余:
*SuddenlyIcaughtasightofmyEnglishteacherinthecrowd.
解析:
固定短语,catchsightof:
偶然看见。
【4】系词/助词多余:
*Mymotherwasasked:
“Haveyoutakenmedicine?
”
解析:
根据句意,是妈妈问:
故为主动语态。
三:
缺词
缺词一般为:
冠词/连词/介词/系词be助词/
【1】缺介词
*Hewaslookingforaglass^thecupboard(in)
解析:
根据句意,inthecupboard做状语。
【2】缺冠词
*However,thepopularteacherisat^sametimetheonewhoshouldbestrictwithstudents.(the)
解析:
形容词same和the搭配使用,故给same前加the。
【3】缺连接词
*Inoneclass,Ilearned^itrained(why)
解析:
根据句子意思可知,缺连接词,句意为:
“在一节课上,我知道了下雨的原因”。
【4】缺系词
*What^yourfavoritesport?
(is)
解析:
句子中缺系词,在What加is.
【专题训练与高考预测】
此题要求改正所给短文中的错误对标有题号的每一行作出判断,如无错误,在刻行右边横线上画一个勾(√);如有错误(每行只有一个错误),则按下列清况改正;该行多一个词:
把多余的词用斜线()划掉,在该行在边横线上写出该词,并也用斜线划掉。
该行缺一词:
在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。
该行错一个词:
在错的词下面划一横线,在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词
注意:
原行没能错的不要改
Passage1
Iwentouttoseefilmwithmybrotherafter1_______
supper.Byourwaytothecinema,wemetanAmerican 2._______
girlnamedAlice,shehadgotlostandlookedvery 3.._________
anxious.Wewentuptoseethatwasthematter.We 4________
thentookhimtothehotel.Whilegoingthere 5_________
Itoldherthegreatchangethathadtakenplace 6_________
inourcountryinthepastfewyearsbutAlicetold 7__________
usalotabouttheyouthinAmerica 8.________
Althoughwemissthefilm,wefeltveryhappy 9_______
foritwehadnotonlyhelpedAlicegetoutoftrouble 10_______
alsoknewsomethingabuttheStatesWeseeEnglish
canstrengthenunderstandingandfriendship.
Passage2
TodayIshowedsomeforeignfriendaroundourcity.1.________
WestartedoffincarfromtheFriendshipHotelat8:
00a.m.2._______
WefirstgottoJinshanPark.Weareallstruckbyits3._______
beautifulflowersonshow.Then,wevisitedtheCityMuseum.4._______
Wesawplentyofvaluablethings,fromthatwelearnedalot5.______
aboutthecity.Afterthat,theydrovetoJinshanTemple.Thatis6._______
abeautifulplaceofinterestinourcity,butthereweenjoyed7._______
thewonderfullysceneryofthesea.Wehadadeliciouslunchatthe8._______
seafoodRestaurantandwereturnedbackatnoon..Alltheforeign9.______
friendswerepleasedwithmyarrangement.Wedidhavethe10_____
wonderfultimetoday.
Passage3
DearMr.Brown,
Iamwritingtothankyouwithyourkindhelp.1______
Beforeyoucametoteachus,Ihadnotinterestin2______
English.Mypronunciationwasterribly.Icould3_____
onlyspeakafewwords.Butoneandahalfyearlater,4_____
InowthinkEnglishfuntolearn.Igotalotfromyour5____
encouragingwords.Iwillalwaysrememberwhatyou6.____
said,“Ifyoutryto,youcanbeNo1!
”Ihopeyou`ve7____
hadpleasantjourneyhomeandwillcometochina8_____
againsometimesinthefuture.Iwillwriteagain9_____
andsendyouthephotoswetaketogether10______
passage4
Thereareadvantageforstudentstoworkwhile1_____
Studyingatschool.Oneofthemwasthat2_____
theycanearnmoney.Forthemostpart,3______
studentsworkingtoearnmoneyfortheirown4____
use.Earningtheirownmoneyallowthem5_____
tospendonanythingasiftheyplease.6_____
theywouldhavetoasktheirparentsfor7____
moneyorforpermissiontodothingsby8____
themoney.Somestudentsmayalsotosave9____
upforourcollegeorfutureuse.10______
passage5
DearMr.Brown,
Iamwritingtothankyouwithyourkindhelp.1___
Beforeyoucametoteachus,Ihadnotinterestin2_____
English.Mypronunciationwasterribly.Icould3____
onlyspeakafewwords.Butoneandahalfyearlater,4____
InowthinkEnglishfuntolearn.Igotalotfromyour5___
encouragingwords.Iwillalwaysrememberwhatyou6____
said,“Ifyoutryto,youcanbeNo1!
”Ihopeyou`ve___
hadpleasantjourneyhomeandwillcometochina___
againsometimesinthefuture.Iwillwriteagain9____
andsendyouthephotoswetaketogether10____
passage6
DearAnish,
HerearetheinformationaboutManchesterUniversity1.______
Itisabout200milesfarawayfromLondonandit2______
hasaverybigschoolyard.Youcanliveintheschool3____
orneartheschool.Theyhaveallsortsofcourse.4______
I`msureyouwillfindoneyoulikeit.Iknowyou5___
areparticularinterestedinhumanrights.SoIwill6____
seethatthereisanythingontheirwebsite7____
IwillsendmyfriendCharliemeetyouattheairport8____
whenyouarrived.Youmethimafewyearsago,buthe9___
haschangedalotsincethen.BothyourauntorIlook10___
forwardtoseeingyouagain.
passage7
DearRalph,
I’maseniorstudent.Ihavebeinlovewithaboy 1______
forthreeyears.
Butheisashyboy,soIwrotehimaletterfirstly 2._______
toexpressmyfeeling.Andhewroteback.Inhisletter 3______
hesaid,“Wearestudents.Ourtaskisstudy.Letuswait 4________
toseeuntilwehaveanychanceaftergraduation.”So 5.______
aftergraduationIcalledtohim,askinghimabout 6.________
goout.Buthesaidhedidn’twantto.Hejust 7.________
wantedtosleepandwatchedTV. 8._______
WhatdoyouthinkIshoulddo?
Doyouthink 9.______
Ishouldcontinuetolovehimandgiveup?
10______
Sheila
Passage8
Myhometownisaprettycity,sopeoplethere1._____________
arekindandpolite.Withcomingof
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