四川省名山县高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解基础练习5.docx
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四川省名山县高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解基础练习5.docx
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四川省名山县高考英语一轮复习阅读理解基础练习5
四川名山县2020高考英语阅读理解(一轮)基础练
阅读理解。
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。
F.ScottFitzgerald,bornonSeptember24,1896,anAmericannovelist,wasonceastudentofSt.PaulAcademy,theNewmanSchoolandattendedPrinceton.Universityforashortwhile.In1917hejoinedthearmyandwaspostedinAlabama,wherehemethisfuturewifeZeldaSayre.Thenhehadtomakesomemoneytoimpressher.
Hislifewithherwasfullofgreathappiness,ashewroteinhisdiary:
“MyownhappinessinthepastoftenapproachedsuchjoythatIcouldshareitevenwiththepersondearesttomebuthadtowalkitawayinquietstreetsandtakedownpartsofitinmydiary.”
Thissideofparadise,hisfirstnovel,waspublishedin1920.Encouragedbyitssuccess,Fitzgeraldbegantodevotemoretimetohiswriting.ThenhecontinuedwiththenoveltheBeautifulandDamned(1922),acollectionofshortstoriesThalesoftheJazzAge(1922),andaplayTheVegetable(1923).ButhisgreatestsuccesswasTheGreatGatsby,publishedin1925,whichquickbroughthimpraisefromtheliteraryworld.Yetitfailedtogivehimtheneededfinancialsecurity.Then,in1926,hepublishedanothercollectionofshortstoriesAlltheSadYoungMen.
However,Fitzgerald’sproblemswithhiswifeZeldaaffectedhiswriting.Duringthe1920shetriedtoreorderhislife,butfailed.By1930,hiswifehadherfirstbreakdownandwenttoaSwissclinic.DuringthisperiodhecompletednovelsTenderIstheNightin1934andTheLoveoftheLastTycoonin1940.WhilehiswifewasinhospitalintheUnitedStates,hegottotallyaddictedtoalcohol.SheilaGraham,hisdearfriend,helpedhimfighthisalcoholism.
()1.HowmanynovelswrittenbyFitzgeraldarementionedinthepassage?
A.5B.6C.7D.8
()2.WhichofthefollowingisthecorrectordertodescribeFitzgerald’slifeaccordingtothepassage?
a.Hebecameaddictedtodrinking.
b.HestudiedatSt.PaulAcademy.
c.HepublishedhisfirstnovelThisSideofParadise.
d.TheGreatGatsbywonhighpraise.
e.Hefailedtoreorderhislife.
f.HejoinedthearmyandmetZelda.
A.f-c-e-a-b-dB.b-e-a-f-c-dC.f-d-e-c-b-aD.b-f-c-d-e-a
()3.WecaninferfromthepassagethatFitzgerald.
A.hadmadesomemoneywhenhemetZeldainAlabama.
B.waswelleducatedandwelloffbeforeheservedinthearmy
C.wouldhavecompletedmoreworksifhiswifehadn’tbrokendown
D.helpedhisfriendgetridofdrinkingwhilehiswifewasinhospital
()4.Thepassageisprobablyfollowedbyaconcludingparagraphabout.
A.Zelda’spersonallife
B.Zelda’sillnessandtreatment
C.Fitzgerald’sfriendshipwithGraham
D.Fitzgerald’scontributionstotheliteraryworld
【语篇解读】本片文章为记叙文,主要讲述了英国著名文学家弗兰西斯·司各特·菲茨杰拉德的生平、生活及其重要作品
1.答案A。
【解析】细节理解题。
据题意,由文章中关键词novel可知,文章中提及到的弗兰西斯·司各特·菲茨杰拉德的小说有:
Thissideofparadise,TheBeautifulandDamned,TheGreatGatsby,TenderIstheNightandTheloveofthelastTycoon,共计5篇。
故选A项
2.答案D。
【解析】细节理解题。
根据第一段中“……wasonceastudentofSt.PaulAcademy……In1917hejoinedthearmy……”可知弗兰西斯·司各特·菲茨杰拉德先在圣保罗学院学习,然后参加的军队。
由此可知答案应为D项
3.答案C。
【解析】推理判断题。
由第四段第一句“However,Fitzgerald’sproblemswithhiswifeZeldaaffectedhiswriting”可以判断出C项
4.答案D。
【解析】推理判断题。
根据人物传记的特点和本段对菲茨杰拉德生活、作品的描述,说明了菲茨杰拉德的作品对学界的意义,因此最后总结的一段是关于菲茨杰拉德对文学界的贡献的。
故选D项
[2020·高三模拟考试]
Asmoreandmorebooksbecomemovieadaptations,Ican'thelpbutthinkhowthiswillaffectEnglishclasses.Thinkingbacktomyyearsinmiddleschoolandhighschool,Iwasrequiredtoreadanumberofclassics.Today,amajorityofthosebooksarenowalsomovies:
LifeofPi,TheGreatGatsby,MuchAdoAboutNothingandAnnaKarenina,tonameafew.
EvencontemporarybookssuchasTheHungerGamesandHarryPotteraregracingthebigscreen.Indiscussionswithfriends,Iwilloftenhearthemsaytheyarenotgoingtoreadthebookbecausethemovieadaptedfromitwillbeoutsoon,whichmademewonderwhateffect,ifany,movieadaptationswillhaveonmoderndaystudents.WilltheCommonCoreStateStandards(CCSS)encouragethemtoreadthebooksmorecarefullyortousemoviestosupplementtheirunderstandingofthetext?
TheCCSSrequiresstudentstoprovidetextbasedevidencewhenreadinganddiscussingabook.Byfocusingonsuchevidence,teacherscanpullspecificdetailsfromabookthatmayhavenotmadethefinalcutwhenthebookwasadaptedforthebigscreen.Forinstance,afterreadingandwatchingTheHungerGames,therewereanumberofdetailsfromthebookthatweremissingfromthefilm.AstudentwhofailedtoreadTheHungerGameswouldnotquiteunderstandRue'simpactonthegamesinthesamewayassomeonewhohadreadthebookandrememberedallthedetailsthatwentintoherdeath.
IamnotsayingtheCCSSwillstopstudentsfromcuttingcorners,butIbelieveifteachersusethesupporttheCCSSprovides,itcanbeagreatroadwaytoensureallstudentsarediggingdeepintotextsandnotjusthittingtheplaybutton.
1.Inthepast,theauthorwasencouraged________.
A.toreadtextbooksintheclass
B.toreadmovieadaptations
C.toreadmanyclassics
D.toseemoviesinthecinema
2.Whateffectdoesthemoviehaveonmoderndaystudentsaccordingtothepassage?
A.Encouragingstudentstoreadmorebooks.
B.Usingthemovietohelpunderstandthetext.
C.Makingsomeofstudentsreadtoolittle.
D.Helpingstudentstosavealotoftime.
3.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph3?
A.Teacherscanteachstudentsbetterbyseeingfilms.
B.StudentsareencouragedtoseeTheHungerGames.
C.Rue'simpactonthegamesispresentedinthemovie.
D.Thosewhoonlyseemoviesmightnotunderstandsomedetails.
4.Thepassagetellsusthattheauthor________.
A.hopesstudentstoseethemoviesadaptedfrombooks
B.thinkstheCCSSshouldpreventstudentsfromwatchingmovies
C.urgesstudentstoreadbooksratherthanseethefilms
D.triestobantheCCSSfromgivingstudentsmanychoices
[文章大意] 随着越来越多的名著改编成电影,有些青少年很少再去阅读原著,这对他们的阅读和学习产生了一定影响。
1.C。
细节理解题。
由第一段第二句“Thinkingbacktomyyearsinmiddleschoolandhighschool,Iwasrequiredtoreadanumberofclassics.”可知,作者小时候被要求读很多名著。
故选C项。
2.C。
细节理解题。
由第二段第二句中的“Indiscussionswithfriends,Iwilloftenhearthemsaytheyarenotgoingtoreadthebookbecausethemovieadaptedfromitwillbeoutsoon”可知,作者在与朋友讨论时,经常听他们说不打算去阅读原著,因为改编的电影就快上映了,也就是说电影让一些学生读的书更少了。
3.D。
推理判断题。
由第三段中的“anumberofdetailsfromthebookthatweremissing”和“AstudentwhofailedtoreadTheHungerGameswouldnotquite...intoherdeath.”可知,改编的电影通常忽视原著的某些细节。
4.C。
细节理解题。
由全文尤其是最后一段中的“itcanbe...hittingtheplaybutton”可知,作者提倡教师应遵照课程标准,鼓励学生深入阅读,而不是只看电影。
[2020·高三统一检测]
OnJuly20,1969,AmericansNeilArmstrongandEdwin“Buzz”Aldrinbecamethefirsthumanstosetfootonthemoon.ItwasadefiningmomentinAmericanhistory.MoreUSmissionstothemoonfollowed.Now,twocongresswomenwanttopreservethelunarlandingsitesbygrantingthemthesameprotectiongiventonationalhistoricalparks.OnJuly8,abillcalledtheApolloLunarLandingLegacyActwasintroduced,whichwouldestablishanationalparkonthemoon.
ThepurposeoftheactistopreservethesitesforscientificresearchandtoimprovepublicunderstandingoftheApolloprogram.ApolloisthenameofthespacecraftusedbyAmericanastronautsbetween1969and1972.Ifpassed,thebillwouldprotectartifacts,suchasfootprintsandequipment,leftbehindduringthesevenApollomissions.ItwouldalsorequiretheUnitedStatestoasktheUnitedNationstodesignatetheApollo11landingsiteasaWorldHeritageSite.
“Inthelightofothernationsandprivateentitiesdevelopingoralreadyhavingdevelopedtheabilitytogotothemoon,theUnitedStatesmustbeproactiveinprotectingartifactsleftbythesevenApollolunarlandings,”CongresswomanJohnsonsaidinanemailmessage.“Thisbillwillhelpensurethatthisuniqueaspectofourculturalheritageispreserved.”
SomecriticssaythatthebilldoesnotrequireimmediateattentionbecauseNASAdoesnothaveplanstoreturntothemoon.CountrieslikeChinaandJapanhaveonlyhintedaboutsendingpeopletherearound2025,butnooneknowswhetherthatwillhappen.Othercriticsquestionwhetherthebillcanbeenforcedandsaythatitmayevenviolateaninternationaltreaty.In1967,theUnitedStatesandtheSovietUnionagreedthatnocountrycouldmakeaclaimonthemoon.
Now,morethan40yearssincethelastApollomission,theApolloLunarLandingLegacyActismakingitswaythroughCongress.“Iknowthatitcansoundfarfetchedtosaythatwearegoingtohaveanationalparkonthemoon,”saidCongresswomanJohnson.Butshebelievesit'simportanttopreservethelunarlandingsites.“TheseareanimportantreminderofwhathasmadeAmericagreatandserveasaninspirationforfuturegenerations.”
1.ThebillApolloLunarLandingLegacyActwasintroducedto________.
A.celebratethefirstlandingonthemoon
B.setupanationalparkonthemoon
C.sendamannedspacecrafttothemoonagain
D.emphasizethemomentinAmericanhistory
2.AccordingtothepassageApolloLunarLandingLegacyAct________.
A.istobepresentedtotheUN
B.ispartoftheApolloprogram
C.isculturalheritage
D.ismeanttopreserveartifacts
3.Somecriticswhodoubtthebillarguethat________.
A.thebillitselfisagainstaninternationaltreaty
B.Chinaissuretosendpeopleonthemoonaround2025
C.thebillshouldrequireimmediateattention
D.NASAshouldplantoreturntothemoon
4.Fromthelastparagraphwecanlearnthat________.
A.thebillisgoingtobepassed
B.Johnsonisconfidentofthebill
C.thelunarlandingsiteswillbedestroyed
D.thelandingsitesmaketheAmericanproud
[文章大意] 美国有议员提出一个保护美国登月时在月球上留下的痕迹的法案,但有反对者认为这没有必要。
1.B。
细节理解题。
根据第一段最后一句中的“whichwouldestablishanat
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