完整考研英语一真题及参考答案.docx
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完整考研英语一真题及参考答案.docx
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完整考研英语一真题及参考答案
2017考研英语一真题及参考答案
SectionIUseofEnglish
Directions:
Readthefollowingtext。
Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)
Couldahugadaykeepthedoctoraway?
Theanswermaybearesounding"yes!
"1helpingyoufeelcloseand2topeopleyoucareabout,itturnsoutthathugscanbringa3ofhealthbenefitstoyourbodyandmind.Believeitornot,awarmembracemightevenhelpyou4gettingsickthiswinter。
Inarecentstudy5over400healthadults,researchersfromCarnegieMellonUniversityinPennsylvaniaexaminedtheeffectsofperceivedsocialsupportandthereceiptofhugs6theparticipants’susceptibilitytodevelopingthecommoncoldafterbeing7tothevirus.Peoplewhoperceivedgreatersocialsupportwerelesslikelytocome8withacold,andtheresearchers9thatthestress—reducingeffectsofhugging10about32percentofthatbeneficialeffect.11amongthosewhogotacold,theoneswhofeltgreatersocialsupportandreceivedmorefrequenthugshadlesssevere12.
"Huggingprotectspeoplewhoareunderstressfromthe13riskforcoldsthat’susually14withstress,"notesSheldonCohen,aprofessorofpsychologyatCarnegie。
Hugging"isamarkerofintimacyandhelps15thefeelingthatothersaretheretohelp16difficulty。
"
Someexperts17thestress-reducing,health—relatedbenefitsofhuggingtothereleaseofoxytocin,oftencalled"thebondinghormone”18itpromotesattachmentinrelationships,includingthatbetweenmotherandtheirnewbornbabies。
Oxytocinismadeprimarilyinthecentrallowerpartofthebrain,andsomeofitisreleasedintothebloodstream。
Butsomeofit19inthebrain,whereit20mood,behaviorandphysiology.
1。
[A]Unlike[B]Besides[C]Despite[D]Throughout
【答案】[B]Besides
2。
[A]connected[B]restricted[C]equal[D]inferior
【答案】[A]connected
3.[A]choice[B]view[C]lesson[D]host
【答案】[D]host
4.[A]recall[B]forget[C]avoid[D]keep
【答案】[C]avoid
5。
[A]collecting[B]involving[C]guiding[D]affecting
【答案】[B]involving
6。
[A]of[B]in[C]at[D]on
【答案】[D]on
7.[A]devoted[B]exposed[C]lost[D]attracted
【答案】[B]exposed
8。
[A]across[B]along[C]down[D]out
【答案】[C]down
9。
[A]calculated[B]denied[C]doubted[D]imagined
【答案】[A]calculated
10.[A]served[B]required[C]restored[D]explained
【答案】[D]explained
11.[A]Even[B]Still[C]Rather[D]Thus
【答案】[A]Even
12。
[A]defeats[B]symptoms[C]tests[D]errors
【答案】[B]symptoms
13。
[A]minimized[B]highlighted[C]controlled[D]increased
【答案】[D]increased
14。
[A]equipped[B]associated[C]presented[D]compared
【答案】[B]associated
15.[A]assess[B]moderate[C]generate[D]record
【答案】[C]generate
16.[A]inthefaceof[B]intheformof[C]inthewayof[D]inthenameof
【答案】[A]inthefaceof
17。
[A]transfer[B]commit[C]attribute[D]return
【答案】[C]attribute
18。
[A]because[B]unless[C]though[D]until
【答案】[A]because
19.[A]emerges[B]vanishes[C]remains[D]decreases
【答案】[C]remains
20。
[A]experiences[B]combines[C]justifies[D]influences
【答案】[D]influences
Text1
Firsttwohours,nowthreehours-thisishowfarinadvanceauthoritiesarerecommendingpeopleshowuptocatchadomesticflight,atleastatsomemajorU。
S。
airportswithincreasinglymassivesecuritylines.
Americansarewillingtotoleratetime-consumingsecurityprotocolsinreturnforincreasedsafety.ThecrashofEgyptAirFlight804,whichterroristsmayhavedownedovertheMediterraneanSea,providesanothertragicreminderofwhy.Butdemandingtoomuchofairtravelersorprovidingtoolittlesecurityinreturnunderminespublicsupportfortheprocess.Anditshould:
WastedtimeisadragonAmericans’economicandprivatelives,nottomentioninfuriating。
Lastyear,theTransportationSecurityAdministration(TSA)foundinasecretcheckthatundercoverinvestigatorswereabletosneakweapons—bothfakeandreal-pastairportsecuritynearlyeverytimetheytried.Enhancedsecuritymeasuressincethen,combinedwithariseinairlinetravelduetotheimprovingeconomyandlowoilprices,haveresultedinlongwaitsatmajorairportssuchasChicago'sO'HareInternational.Itisnotyetclearhowmuchmoreeffectiveairlinesecurityhasbecome—butthelinesareobvious。
Partoftheissueisthatthegovernmentdidnotanticipatethesteepincreaseinairlinetravel,sotheTSAisnowrushingtogetnewscreenersontheline。
Partoftheissueisthatairportshaveonlysomuchroomforscreeninglanes.Anotherfactormaybethatmorepeoplearetryingtooverpacktheircarry-onbagstoavoidchecked—baggagefees,thoughtheairlinesstronglydisputethis.
ThereisonesteptheTSAcouldtakethatwouldnotrequireremodelingairportsorrushingtohire:
EnrollmorepeopleinthePreCheckprogram。
PreCheckissupposedtobeawin—winfortravelersandtheTSA.Passengerswhopassabackgroundcheckareeligibletouseexpeditedscreeninglanes.ThisallowstheTSAtofocusontravelerswhoarehigherrisk,savingtimeforeveryoneinvolved.TSAwantstoenroll25millionpeopleinPreCheck.
Ithasnotgottenanywhereclosetothat,andonebigreasonisstickershock:
Passengersmustpay$85everyfiveyearstoprocesstheirbackgroundchecks。
Sincethebeginning,thispricetaghasbeenPreCheck'sfatalflaw。
Upcomingreformsmightbringthepricetoamorereasonablelevel。
ButCongressshouldlookintodoingsodirectly,byhelpingtofinancePreCheckenrollmentortocutcostsinotherways.
TheTSAcannotcontinuedivertingresourcesintounderusedPreChecklaneswhilemostofthetravelingpublicsuffersinunnecessarylines。
Itislongpasttimetomaketheprogramwork。
21.ThecrashofEgyptAirFlight804ismentionedto
[A]explainAmerican’stoleranceofcurrentsecuritychecks.
[B]stresstheurgencytostrengthensecurityworldwide.
[C]highlightthenecessityofupgradingmajorU。
S.airports.
[D]emphasizetheimportanceofprivacyprotection.
22.Whichofthefollowingcontributestolongwaitsatmajorairports?
[A]Newrestrictionsoncarry-onbags。
[B]ThedecliningefficiencyoftheTSA.
[C]Anincreaseinthenumberoftravellers。
[D]Frequentunexpectedsecretchecks.
23.Theword“expedited”(Liner4,Para.5)isclosetinmeaningto
[A]quieter.
[B]cheaper。
[C]wider.
[D]faster。
24。
OneproblemwiththePreCheckprogramis
[A]adramaticreductionofitsscale。
[B]itswrongly-directedimplementation.
[C]thegovernment’sreluctancetobackit。
[D]anunreasonablepriceforenrollment。
25。
Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebestforthetext?
[A]LessScreeningforMoreSafety
[B]PreCheck–aBelatedSolution
[C]GettingStuckinSecurityLines
[D]UnderusedPreCheckLanes
答案:
21—25ACDDC
Text2
“TheancientHawaiianswereastronomers,”wroteQueenLiliuokalani,Hawaii'slastreigningmonarch,in1897.StarwatcherswereamongthemostesteemedmembersofHawaiiansociety.Sadly,allisnotwellwithastronomyinHawaiitoday.ProtestshaveeruptedoverconstructionoftheThirtyMeterTelescope(TMT),agiantobservatorythatpromisestorevolutionizehumanity'sviewofthecosmos.
AtissueistheTMT’splannedlocationonMaunaKea,adormantvolcanoworshipedbysomeHawaiiansasthepiko,thatconnectstheHawaiianIslandstotheheavens。
ButMaunaKeaisalsohometosomeoftheworld’smostpowerfultelescopes.RestedinthePacificOcean,MaunaKea'speakrisesabovethebulkofourplanet'sdenseatmosphere,whereconditionsallowtelescopestoobtainimagesofunsurpassedclarity.
OppositiontotelescopesonMaunaKeaisnothingnew。
AsmallbutvocalgroupofHawaiiansandenvironmentalistshavelongviewedtheirpresenceasdisrespectfarsacredlandandapainfulreminderoftheoccupationofwhatwasonceasovereignnation。
Someblameforthecurrentcontroversybelongstoastronomers。
Intheireagernesstobuildbiggertelescopes,theyforgotthatscienceisnottheonlywayofunderstandingtheworld.TheydidnotalwaysprioritizetheprotectionofMaunaKea’sfragileecosystemsoritsholinesstotheislands'inhabitants。
Hawaiiancultureisnotarelicofthepast;itisalivingcultureundergoingarenaissancetoday.
Yetsciencehasaculturalhistory,too,withrootsgoingbacktothedawnofcivilization。
ThesamecuriositytofindwhatliesbeyondthehorizonthatfirstbroughtearlyPolynesianstoHawaii’sshoresinspiresastronomerstodaytoexploretheheavens.CallstodisassemblealltelescopesonMaunaKeaortobanfuturedevelopmentthereignoretherealitythatastronomyandHawaiianculturebothseektoanswerbigquestionsaboutwhoweare,wherewecomefromandwherewearegoing。
Perhapsthatiswhyweexplorethestarryskies,asifansweringaprimalcallingtoknowourselvesandourtrueancestralhomes。
TheastronomycommunityismakingcompromisestochangeitsuseofMaunaKea.TheTMTsitewaschosentominimizethetelescope'svisibilityaroundtheislandandtoavoidarchaeologicalandenvironmentalimpact。
TolimitthenumberoftelescopesonMaunaKea,oldoneswillberemovedattheendoftheirlifetimesandtheirsitesreturnedtoanaturalstate.ThereisnoreasonwhyeveryonecannotbewelcomedonMaunaKeatoembracetheirculturalheritageandtostudythestars.
26。
QueenLiliuokalani'sremarkinParagraph1indicates
[A]herconservativeviewonthehistoricalroleofastronomy.
[B]theimportanceofastronomyinancientHawaiiansociety.
[C]theregrettabledeclineofastronomyinancienttimes.
[D]herappreciationofstarwatchers'featsinher
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