近五年高考英语语法填空考点整理.docx
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近五年高考英语语法填空考点整理.docx
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近五年高考英语语法填空考点整理
英语语法填空近五年高考考点整理
一、从句引导词
1定语从句
(2019全国2卷)NowIreneAstburyworksfrom9amto5pmdailyatthepetshopinMacclesfield,sheopenedwithherlatehusbandLes.(which非限制性定语从句)
(2018全国1卷)Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin2014_____showedamerefiveto10minuteadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromallcauses.(that/which定语从句,指物,在从句中做主语故用关系代词)
(2018全国2卷)TheChineseMinistryofAgriculturefindsthatbetween2005-whenthegovernmentstaredasoil-testingprogramgivesspecificfertilizerrecommendationstofarmers.(that/which定语从句,指物,在从句中做主语故用关系代词)
(2017全国1卷)Likeanything,itispossibletohavetoomuchofboth,isnotgoodforthehealth.(which非限制性定语从句)
(2016全国1卷)ButmyconnectionwithpandasgoesbacktomydaysonaTVshowinthemid-1980s,IwasthefirstWesternTVreporter...(when非限制性定语从句,先行词是时间,在从句中做时间状语)
(2015全国1卷)I’dskippednearbyGuilin,adreamplacefortouristsseekingthelimestonemountaintopsanddarkwatersoftheLiRiverarepicturedbyartists(that/which定语从句,指物,在从句中做主语故用关系代词)
2宾语从句
(2015全国2卷)Asnaturalarchitects,thePuebloIndiansfiguredoutexactly___thicktheadobewallsneededtobetomakethecycleworkonmostdays.(how引导宾语从句)
3同位语从句
(2019全国1卷)Whiletheyarerarenorthof88°,thereisevidencetheyrangeallthewayacrosstheArctic,andasfarsouthasJamesBayinCanada.(that同位语从句)
二、谓语动词的的变式
1时态
(2019全国1卷)InrecentyearssomeInuitpeopleinNunayut(report)increasesinbearsightingsaroundhumansettlements.(havereported现在完成时,标志是inrecentyears)
(2019全国2卷)Pickingupher“LifetimeAchievement”award,proudIrene(declare)shehadnoplanstoretirefromher36-year-oldbusiness.(declared一般过去时)
(2019全国2卷)IlovecominghereandseeingmyfamilyandallthefriendsI66(make)overtheyears.(havemade现在完成时,标志是overtheyears)
(2018全国1卷)Whilerunningregularlycan’tmakeyouliveforever,thereviewsaysit___(be)moreeffectiveatlengtheninglifethanwalking,cyclingorswimming.(is一般现在时)
(2018全国2卷)Since2011,thecountry(grow)morecornthanrice.(hasgrown现在完成时,标志是since)
(2018全国2卷)TheChineseMinistryofAgriculturefindsthatbetween2005-whenthegovernment(start)asoil-testingprogramthatgivesspecificfertilizerrecommendationstofarmers.(started一般过去时,标志为过去时间点2005年)
(2017全国2卷)Later,engineers______(manage)toconstructrailwaysinasystemofdeeptunnels(隧道),whichbecameknowntothetube.(managed根据全文时态判定为一般过去时)
(2016全国2卷)Itcouldbeanything-gardening,cooking,music,sports—butwhateveritis,(make)sureit’sarelieffromdailystressratherthananotherthingtoworryabout.(make祈使句用动词原形)
(2015全国1卷)ItwasraininglightlywhenI____(arrive)inYangshuojustbeforedawn.ButIdidn’tcare.(arrived根据前后句判断为一般过去时)
(2015全国1卷)Yangshuo____(be)reallybeautiful.(is这里是对客观事实的描述,因此用一般现在时不用一般过去时)
(2015全国2卷)Thiscycle____(go)dayafterday.(goes根据上下文时态判定为一般现在时)
2语态(主被动)
(2017全国1卷)Whenfatandsalt(remove)fromfood,thefoodtastesasifismissingsomething.(areremoved主语是fatandsalt,be动词是复数形式,被动表示脂肪和糖从食物中被除去)
(2017全国2卷)Steamengines_____(use)topullthecarriages...(wereused根据全文判定时态为一般过去时,根据主语engines判定为复数,被动表示蒸汽引擎被用于...)
(2016全国1卷)I______(arrow)togetupclosetothesecuteanimalsatthe600-acrecentre.(wasallowed首先文章是一般过去时的记叙文,其次我是单数,被允许为被动语态)
3主谓一致
(2019全国1卷)threearedeclining,six(be)stable,oneisincreasing,andninelackenoughdata.(are主语six指发现的六个企鹅种群,为复数)
(2017全国1卷)Fastfood(be)fulloffatandsalt;(isfood是不可数名词,be动词用单数)
(2016全国2卷)Leavingthelessimportantthingsuntiltomorrow(be)oftenacceptable.(is动名词作主语,谓语动词用单数)
4非谓语的变化(不定式,动名词,现在分词,过去分词)
(2019全国1卷)Modernmethodsoftrackingpolarbearpopulationshavebeenemployedonlysincethemid-1980s,andareexpensive(perform)consistentlyoveralargearea.(toperform)
(2019全国1卷)Scientistshaverespondedby(note)thathungrybearsmaybecongregating(聚集)aroundhumansettlements.(noting现在分词作介词宾语)
(2019全国2卷)A90-year-oldhasbeenawarded”WomanOfTheYear”for(be)Britain'soldestfull-timeemployee-stillworking40hoursaweek.(being现在分词作介词宾语)
(2019全国2卷)Pickingupher“LifetimeAchievement”award,proudIrenedeclaredshehadnoplans(retire)fromher36-year-oldbusiness.(toretire)
(2019全国2卷)Whenwegotacall(say)shewasshort-listed,wethoughtitwasajoke.(saying现在分词作后置定语,主动)
(2018全国1卷)Youdon'thavetorunfastorforlong___(see)thebenefit.(tosee动词不定式作非谓语表目的)
(2018全国1卷)Youmaydrink,smoke,beoverweightandstillreduceyourriskof___(die)earlybyrunning.(dying动名词作介词宾语)
(2018全国2卷)Thegovernmentencouragesfarmerstogrowcorninsteadofrice(improve)waterquality.(toimprove动词不定式作非谓语表目的)
(2018全国2卷)China'sapproachtoprotectingitsenvironmentwhile(feed)itscitizens“offersusefullessonsforagricultureandfoodpolicymakersworldwide,”saysthebank'sJuergenVoegele.(feeding)
(2017全国1卷)Fatandsaltareveryimportantpartsofadiet.Theyarerequired(process)thefoodthatweeat,torecoverfrominjuryandforseveralotherbodilyfunctions.(toprocess动词不定式作宾语,berequiredtodosth.被要求做某事)
(2017全国1卷)by(eat)morefastfoodpeoplewillgetmoresaltandfatthantheyneedintheirdiet.(eating动名词作介词宾语)
(2017全国2卷)Thisincludeddigginguptheroad,_____(lay)thetrackandthenbuildingastrongroofoverthetop.(laying动名词作included的宾语,也可根据diggingup和building判定)
(2016全国1卷)IwasthefirstWesternTVreporter_____(permit)tofilmaspecialunitcaringforpandasrescuedfromstarvationinthewild.(permitted过去分词作后置定语,表被动)
(2016全国1卷)Myambassadorialdutieswillinclude_____(introduce)Britishvisitorstothe120-pluspandasatChengduandothersataresearchinthemistymountainsofBifengxia.(introducing动名词作宾语)
(2016全国2卷)Ifyoufindsomethingyoulovedoingoutsideoftheoffice,you’llbelesslikely(bring)yourworkhome.(tobring动词不定式,可能做某事islikelyto...)
(2015全国1卷)Astudyoftravelers___(conduct)bythewebsiteTripAdvisornamesYangshuoasoneofthetop10destinationsintheworld.(conducted过去分词作后置定语,表被动)
(2015全国1卷)Abercrombie&Kent,atravelcompanyinHongKong,saysitarrangesquickgetawayshereforpeople___(live)inShanghaiandHongKong.(living现在分词作后置定语,表主动)
(2015全国2卷)Theadobedwellings(土坯房)______(build)bythePuebloIndiansoftheAmericanSouthwestareadmired...(built过去分词作后置定语,表被动)
(2015全国2卷)whatmakestheadobedwellingsadmirableistheirabilityto“aircondition”ahousewithout_____(use)electricequipment.(using现在分词作介词宾语)
(2015全国2卷)Whenanewdaybreaks,thewallshavegivenuptheirheatandarenowcoldenough___(cool)thehouseduringthehotday.(tocool形容词加enough后接不定式)
三、虚词
1介词
(2019全国1卷)Modernmethodstrackingpolarbearpopulationshavebeenemployedonlysincethemid-1980s.(of/for介词搭配,...的方法)
(2017全国1卷)Thistrend,whichwasstartedbythemedicalcommunity(医学界)amethodoffightingheartdisease,hashadsomeunintendedsideeffectssuchasoverweightandheartdisease.(as作为)
(2017全国2卷)astheytravelledtoandwork.(from和to对应,表示人们上下班)
(2016全国1卷)ButmyconnectionwithpandasgoesbackmydaysonaTVshowinthemid-1980s,(to回到,追溯到gobackto)
(2016全国2卷)Mostofusaremorefocusedourtasksinthemorningthanwearelaterintheday.(on专注于...focuson...)
(2015全国1卷)Afewhours____,I’dbeenathomeinHongKong(before根据文意判断,几小时之前,我还在香港,现在到达了阳朔)
(2015全国1卷)ForthosewhoflytoGuilin,it’sonlyanhouraway___carandoffersallthesceneryofthebetter-knowncity.(by乘坐交通工具用介词by)
(2015全国2卷)___thesametime,theywarmupagainforthenight.(at与此同时,atthesametime)
2连词
(2019全国2卷)IworknotbecauseIhaveto,67becauseIwantto.(but转折连词,not...but...不是...而是...)
(2018全国1卷)Whilerunningregularlycan’tmakeyouliveforever,thereviewsaysitismoreeffectiveatlengtheninglifewalking,cyclingorswimming.(than比较连词,因前面出现比较级moreeffective)
(2018全国2卷)Cornuseslesswaterriceandcreateslessfertilizer(化肥)runoff.(than比较连词,因前面出现比较级lesswater)
(2016全国2卷)So,getanearlystartandtrytobeasproductivepossiblebeforelunch.(as...as...)
3冠词
(2019全国1卷)Ofnineteenrecognizedpolarbearsubpopulations,threearedeclining...(the特指已发现的19个企鹅亚种群)
(2019全国2卷)Whenwegotacallsayingshewasshort-listed,wethoughtitwasjoke.(a不定冠词,一个玩笑)
(2018全国2卷)Cornproductionhasjumpednearly125percentoverpast25years,whilericehasincreasedonly7percent.(the)
(2017全国1卷)Asresult,peoplewilleatmorefoodtotrytomakeupforthatsomethingmissing.(aasaresult作为结果,固定搭配)
(2017全国2卷)Thisincludeddigginguptheroad,layingthetrackandthenbuildingastrongroofover____top.(the在什么顶上)
(2016全国1卷)whileoneisbeingbottle-fed,_____otheriswithmum-sheneversuspects.(the两者中的另一个,one...theother...)
(2016全国2卷)Giveyourbodyandbrainarestbysteppingoutsideforwhile(a一会儿forawhile)
(2015全国2卷)Theadobedwellings(土坯房)builtbythePuebloIndiansoftheAmericanSouthwestareadmiredbyeven_____mostmodernofarchitectsandengineers.(the形容词最高级前用定冠词)
四、实词(谓语动词已单列)
1名词
(2019全国1卷)InrecentyearssomeInuitpeopleinNunayuthavereportedincreasesinbearsightingsaroundhumansettlements,leadingtoa(believe)thatpopulationsareincreasing.(belief动词变名词作宾语)
(2018全国1卷)Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin2014thatshowedamerefiveto10minuteadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromall_____(cause).(causes可数名词单数变复数,因为有all修饰)
(2018全国1卷)Toavoidkneepain,youcanrunonsoftsurfaces,doexercisesto_____(strength)yourlegmuscles(肌肉),avoidhillsandgetgoodrunningshoes.(strengthen名词变动词)
(2018全国2卷)Thisswitchhasdecreased(pollute)inthecountry'smajorlakesandreservoirsandmadedrinkingwatersaferforpeople.(pollution动词变名词作宾语)
(2017全国1卷)Thistrend,
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