专业八级分类模拟378.docx
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专业八级分类模拟378.docx
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专业八级分类模拟378
专业八级分类模拟378
(总分:
142.50,做题时间:
90分钟)
一、PARTⅠLISTENINGCOMPREHENSION(总题数:
0,分数:
0.00)
二、SECTIONAMINI-LECTURE(总题数:
1,分数:
60.00)
HowtoWriteaThesis
Ⅰ.Introductionpart
—writing1afterfinishingtherest
—includinga2atthebeginning
—3previousresearchinthisfield
—otherpoints
1)anexplanationofthe4ofthepaper
2)enoughbackgroundknowledge
3)aproper5ofthepreviouswork
4)questionsofthethesis
5)the6ofyourwork
6)guidingthereaderverbally
7)makingitclearwhereyour7starts
Ⅱ.Methodpart
—informationofthe8ofyourresults
—informationto9yourexperiment
—limitations,10,andrangeofvalidity,aswellasdescriptionofyourmethods
Ⅲ.Resultpart
—11ofobservations
Ⅳ.Discussionpart
—startingwithsentencesthat12themostimportantresults
—beinga(n)13initselfandansweringnecessaryquestions
—richreferencesof14workandbackground
—moving15material
HowtoWriteaThesis
Ⅰ.Introductionpart
—writing1afterfinishingtherest
—includinga2atthebeginning
—3previousresearchinthisfield
—otherpoints
1)anexplanationofthe4ofthepaper
2)enoughbackgroundknowledge
3)aproper5ofthepreviouswork
4)questionsofthethesis
5)the6ofyourwork
6)guidingthereaderverbally
7)makingitclearwhereyour7starts
Ⅱ.Methodpart
—informationofthe8ofyourresults
—informationto9yourexperiment
—limitations,10,andrangeofvalidity,aswellasdescriptionofyourmethods
Ⅲ.Resultpart
—11ofobservations
Ⅳ.Discussionpart
—startingwithsentencesthat12themostimportantresults
—beinga(n)13initselfandansweringnecessaryquestions
—richreferencesof14workandbackground
—moving15material
(分数:
60.00)
解析:
theintroductorysection[听力原文]
HowtoWriteaThesis
Today,Iwilltalkaboutthemostimportantpartsofthesiswriting.Thatis,introduction,methods,resultsanddiscussion.First,it"stheintroductionpart.Youcan"twriteagoodintroductionuntilyouknowwhatthebodyofthepapersays.Considerwritingtheintroductorysectionafteryouhavecompletedtherestofthepaper,ratherthanbefore.Besuretoincludeahookatthebeginningoftheintroduction.Thisisastatementofsomethingsufficientlyinterestingtomotivateyourreadertoreadtherestofthepaper,itisanimportantandinterestingscientificproblemthatyourpapereithersolvesoraddresses.Youshoulddrawthereaderinandmakethemwanttoreadtherestofthepaper.Thenextparagraphsintheintroductionshouldcitepreviousresearchinthisarea.Itshouldcitethosewhohadtheideaorideasfirst,andshouldalsocitethosewhohavedonethemostrecentandrelevantwork.Youshouldthengoontoexplainwhymoreworkisnecessary.Whatelsebelongsintheintroductorysectionofyourpaper?
First,it"sastatementofthegoalofthepaper.Thatiswhythestudywasundertaken,orwhythepaperwaswritten.Donotrepeattheabstract.Second,youshouldpresentsufficientbackgroundinformationtoallowthereadertounderstandthecontextandsignificanceofthequestionyouaretryingtoaddress.Third,you"dbettergiveaproperacknowledgementofthepreviousworkonwhichyouarebuilding.Sufficientreferencessuchthatareadercould,bygoingtothelibrary,achieveasophisticatedunderstandingofthecontextandsignificanceofthequestion.Fourth,theintroductionshouldbefocusedonthethesisquestions.Allcitedworkshouldbedirectlyrelevanttothegoalsofthethesis.Thisisnotaplacetosummarizeeverythingyouhaveeverreadonasubject.Fifth,explainthescopeofyourwork,whatwillandwillnotbeincluded?
Sixth,youmaydrawaverbal"roadmap"orverbal"tableofcontents"guidingthereadertowhatliesahead.Seventh,makeitobviouswhereintroductorymaterialendsandyourcontributionbegins.
Rememberthatthisisnotareviewpaper.Wearelookingfororiginalworkandanalysisbyyou.Breakuptheintroductionsectionintologicalsegmentsbyusingsubheads.
Thefollowingimportantpartisthemethodpart.ThissectionShouldcontaininformationtoallowthereadertoassessthebelievabilityofyourresultsandinformationneededbyanotherresearchertoreplicateyourexperiment.Henceyoushoulddescribeclearlyyourmaterials,procedure,theories,andcalculations,technique,equipment,calibrationplots.Besides,thissectionalsoincludeslimitations,assumptions,andrangeofvalidity,aswellasdescriptionofyouranalyticalmethods,includingreferencetoanyspecializedstatisticalsoftware.
Remember,citationsinthissectionshouldbelimitedtodatasourcesandreferencesofwheretofindmorecompletedescriptionsofprocedures.Donotincludedescriptionsofresults.
Next,I"dliketotalkabouttheresultpart.Theresultsareactualstatementsofobservations,includingstatistics,tablesandgraphs.Itshouldindicateinformationonrangeofvariationandmentionnegativeresultsaswellaspositive.Donotinterpretresultsandsavethatforthediscussion.Presentsufficientdetailssothatotherscandrawtheirowninferencesandconstructtheirownexplanations.Breakupyourresultsintologicalsegmentsbyusingsubheadings.Andremember,keyresultsshouldbestatedinclearsentencesatthebeginningofparagraphs.Besides,describethenatureofthefindings.Donotjusttellthereaderwhetherornottheyaresignificant.
Finally,itisthediscussionpart.Thissectionshouldstartwithafewsentencesthatsummarizethemostimportantresults.Thewholesectionshouldbeabriefessayinitselfandanswerthefollowingquestions:
First,whatarethemajorpatternsintheobservations?
Second,whataretherelationships,trendsandgeneralizationsamongtheresults?
Third,whataretheexceptionstothesepatternsorgeneralizations?
Fourth,whatarethelikelycausesunderlyingthesepatternsresultingpredictions?
Fifth,isthereagreementordisagreementwithpreviouswork?
Sixth,interpretresultsintermsofbackgroundlaidoutintheintroduction—whatistherelationshipofthepresentresultstotheoriginalquestion?
Seventh,whatistheimplicationofthepresentresultsforotherunansweredquestionsinearthsciences,ecology,environmentalpolicy,etc.Eighth,whatareyourhypotheses:
Thereareusuallyseveralpossibleexplanationsforresults.Becarefultoconsideralloftheseratherthansimplypushingyourfavoriteone.Ifyoucaneliminateallbutone,thatisgreat,butoftenthatisnotpossiblewiththedatainhand.Inthatcaseyoushouldgiveeventreatmenttotheremainingpossibilities,andtrytoindicatewaysinwhichfutureworkmayleadtotheirdiscrimination.Ninth,avoidjumpingacurrentlyfashionablepointofviewunlessyourresultsreallydostronglysupportthem.Tenth,whatarethethingswenowknoworunderstandthatwedidn"tknoworunderstandbeforethepresentwork?
Thefinaloneiswhatthesignificanceofthepresentresultsis.Inotherwords,whyshouldwecare?
Thissectionshouldberichinreferencestosimilarworkandbackgroundneededtointerpretresults.However,discussionsectionisoftentoolongandwordy.IstherematerialthatdoesnotcontributetooneoftheelementsImentionedabove?
Ifso,thismaybematerialthatyouwillwanttoconsiderdeletingormoving.Remembertobreakupthesectionintologicalsegmentsbyusingsubheads.
Thesiswritingisnotaneasything,becauseeachpartisimportantandtheyaresocloselyinterrelatedthatyoucannotneglectanyofthem.However,ifyoucangraspthepointsImentionedjustnow,youmayfinditmuchmorecontrollable.Ihopetoday"slectureishelpfultoyoumoreorless.AndnexttimeIwilltalkabouttheproblemofwordchoiceinthesiswriting.Thankyouforyourattention.
[考点]本题设题点在祈使句处。
根据听力原文可知,建议在完成整篇论文后再写第一部分的介绍,故答案为theintroductorysection。
解析:
hook[考点]本题考查重要细节。
根据听力原文可知,论文介绍部分应包括吸引读者的一句话,所以填hook。
解析:
citing[考点]本题考查重要细节。
根据听力原文可知,在论文介绍部分应该介绍该领域内先前的研究成果,此外根据语境应为动名词形式,所以填citing。
解析:
goal[考点]本题考查重要细节。
根据听力原文可知,在介绍部分首先要包括论文的目的,故答案为goal。
解析:
acknowledgement[考点]本题考查重要细节。
根据听力原文可知,你最好针对你参考过的作品好好写一篇致谢词,所以填acknowledgement。
解析:
scope[考点]本题考查重要细节。
根据听力原文可知,介绍部分还应包含论文写作的范围,故答案为scope。
解析:
contribution[考点]本题考查重要细节。
根据听力原文可知,在介绍的结尾部分要让人知道你自己的贡献是从哪部分开始的,故答案为contribution。
解析:
believability[考点]本题考查重要细节。
根据听力原文可知,接下来的一个重要部分是方法,这一部分的信息必须有足够的说服力,使别人相信你的实验结果,故答案为believability。
解析:
describe[考点]本题考查重要细节。
根据听力原文可知,你应该清晰地描述你的研究材料、过程、理论、运算、技术、设备等,因此填describe。
解析:
assumptions[考点]本题设题点在递进关系处。
根据听力原文可知,方法部分还应包含其他要点,其中一点就是方法所要证明的假设,故答案为assumptions。
解析:
actualstatements[考点]本题考查重要细节。
根据听力原文可知,结果部分应该是对实验观察到的内容的真实陈述,故答案为actualstatements。
解析:
summarize[考点]本题设题点在定语从句处。
根据听力原文可知,讨论部分应该具有总结性,总结出最重要的结果,故答案为summarize。
解析:
briefessay[考点]本题考查重要细节。
根据听力原文可知,讨论部分本身就是一篇简短的论文,同时要回答必要的问题,故答案为briefessay。
解析:
similar[考点]本题考查重要细节。
根据听力原文可知,讨论部分需引用大量的参考文献,并需囊括类似的作品和研究背景,故答案为similar。
解析:
unnecessary[考点]本题考查重要细节。
根据听力原文可知,如果一些不必要的内容对论文帮助不大,那么你应该考虑删除它们,所以填unnecessary。
三、SECTIONBINTERVIEW(总题数:
2,分数:
25.00)
(分数:
5.00)
A.Helicopterparenting. √
B.Sociology.
C.AbookwrittenbyJulieLythcott-Haims.
D.Howtobeagoodparent.
解析:
[听力原文]
M:
Goodmorning,todayweareverypleasedtohavesociologistLisafromOxfordUniversitytotellusabout"Helicopterparenting".
W:
Hello.I"msohonoredtobehere.
M:
Well,Lisa.Today"stopicisabout"Helicopterparenting."Sofirstofall,whatdoesthatmean?
W:
"Helicopterparenting"describesastyleofraisingchildrenwhereparentsareover-protectiveanddotoomuch.
M:
Anyhistoryabouttheterm?
W:
Thetermwasusedforthefirsttimeinthelate(nineteen)sixties.Itdescribesparentswhohoverovertheirkidsathomeandattheplaygroun
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