懂你英语L4 Unit 3.docx
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懂你英语L4 Unit 3.docx
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懂你英语L4Unit3
L4Unit3-1listening时间花费
Lookatthese2piegraphs.Theyshowhowthese2peoplespendtheirdays,notincludingweekends.TheoneonthetopshowshowEmmadividesupherdays.Sheisadesignerwhoworksforacompany.
AsEmma’sgraphshows,thebiggestportionofherdayisspentworking.Sheworksanaverageof8hoursaday,whichisonethirdofherday.Shegetsanaverageof6hourstosleepwhichis25%ofherday.That’slesssleepthanMartingets.Accordingtohisgraph,hegetsanaverageof7hourstosleepwhichisabout29%ofhisday.Ontheotherhand,Martinewhoisengineer,worksmorehoursthanEmmadoes.Martineaverage9hoursadayatworkcomparetoEmma’s8.That’s37.5%compareto33%.
Otherfactorsshowninthegraphincludedtimeformealsandcommutingtowork.Otheractivitiesincludegettingdressanddoinghouseholdchoressuchasdoinglaundryandpayingbills.Asyoucansee,forMartin,commutingistakingalargeamountofhistime.Ifhecouldreducehiscommutetime,hewillhavemoretimeforotherthings.Anditisn’tjustthetime.Whenthetrafficisreallyheavyhiscommuteisstressful.Itwillbegreatifhecanworkfromhomeoneortwodaysaweek.Helifewillbemoreenjoyable.
AndwelookatEmma’sgraph,weseesheprobablyneedsmoresleep.Perhaps,sheshouldspendabitlesstimesocializingwithherfriends.Ontheotherhand,socializingwithherfriendissomethingshereallyvalues.Asforputtingonmakeup,sheisn’twillingtochangethat.Forher,exercising,socializingandstayingbeautifulhelpherdealwiththestressfulwork.Inconclusion,EmmaandMartinbothwishthereweremorehoursinaday.
Thisnextgraphshowshowvariousfactorscompareimportantto1350jobsapplicants.Applicantswerebetween20to25yearsago.Theywereaskedtolistwhichfactorsweremostimportantforagoodjob.Asthegraphshows,moneywasthemostimportantfactorfor25%oftheapplicants.However,otherfactorsarealsoimportant.Thesecondmostimportantfactorwastheworkenvironment.Inotherwords,formany,moneyiseverything.Peoplewanttolikewheretheywork.Infact,ifwecombineworkingenvironmentandco-workers,thetotalis35%.Thisiswellabovethe25%forsalaryandbenefits.Takingtogether,theyaremoreimportantthansalaryandbenefits.Careerpathisalsoimportantespeciallyforyoungerapplicants.Theywanttoseethattheirjobhelpstobuildasuccessfulcareer.Forolderworkers,thismaynotbeasimportant.Olderworkersoftenputthehighervalueonthebalancebetweenlifeandwork.Whatdoyouthink.
L4Unit3-1vocabulary领土、军事、政治、政权状态
Thegovernmentofacountryisacontrolsystem.Governmentsmakelawsandprovideservicestotheircitizens.
Thelandoverwhichagovernmenthascontrolled,isitsterritory.Acountry’sterritoryhasboundariesorborders.Whenyouleaveorenteracountry’sterritory,youusuallyneedapassport.
Acountry’smilitaryprovidesdefenseforitsterritoryanditscitizens.Themilitaryincludesanarmy,anairforceandanavy.Themainpurposeofamilitary,istodefendacountryfromattack.
Acountry’scriminaljusticesystemincludesthepolice,courtsandprisons.Itspurposeistoenforcethelawandprotectthepeoplefromcriminalactivities.
Acountrysocialservicessystemprovidessupporttopeopleinneed.Itprovidesbasichealthcareservicesandhelpspoorpeoplesupporttheirchildren.
Anarchyn.混乱;无政府状态;无秩序autocracyn.独裁;独裁统治;独裁政府;独裁政体
Oligarchyn.寡头统治的政府;寡头政治的执政集团;寡头统治的国家
Astateofanarchyexitswhenacountryhasnoeffectivegovernment.Inanarchy,thereisnobodytomakedecisionsorenforcethelaws.
Anautocracyisthesimplestformofgovernment.Inanautocracy,thegovernmentiscontrolledbysingleindividual,knownasautocrat.Whetherornotanautocracyissuccessful,dependsonthecharacterandabilityoftheleader.
Inanoligarchy,asmallgroupofpeoplecontrolsthegovernment.Membershipinthisgroupoftendependsonfamilyconnection,wealthormilitarypower.
Inarepublic,individualsareelectedtorepresentthecitizens.Thepowerofgovernmentinarepublicislimitedbyaconstitution.Aconstitutionisawrittendocumentthatmakestherulesforagovernmenttofollow.Thislimitsthepowerofagovernment.Aconstitutiondefinestherelationshipbetweenthegovernmentanditscitizens.
L4Unit3-1dialogue谈论工作
Ihearyoulostyourjob,isthatright?
Yes,that’sright.Iquit.Iquitbecausethewaymybosstreatspeople.
Whathappen.
Iwasn’tfeelinggoodonedayandheyelledatme.WhileItoldhimnottoyellatme,hethreatenedme.
Isthatall.That’swhatbossesdo.
Sure,sometimemaybe.ButmytreatedeveryonebadlyandIwastiredofit.Itwastheless*
Thelaststr?
Yes,itreachedthepointwhereIcouldn’ttakeitanymore.
Isee.Sonowyoudon’thaveajob.
Right,Idon’thaveajob.
ButatleastIdon’thavetodealwithmybossthing.Whatareyougoingtodonow?
Tobehonest,I’mnotsure.butI’llfinesomething.I’llgetajobevenifitpayslessthanbefore.
Areyousorryyourquit.
Yesandno.IguessIshouldhavefoundanotherjobfirstandthenquit.
Whydidn’tyou.
AsIsaid,hepushedmetoofar.ThereweresomethingsthatIjustwontake.
Whataboutyourwife.
Sheisn’thappythatIdon’thaveajobbutsheunderstands.SheknowsIhavetemper.
AndsheknowsIwasn’thappyworkingthere.
Well,Igetsomeluck.Myjobisn’tgreat.butIlikethepeopleI’mworkingwithandIlikemymanager.
Areyouplanningtostaythere?
Idon’tknow.
Fornow,it’sok.Butofcourseitalldependsonhowthingschange.
Wellifyouhearofanyjobopenings,letmeknow,OK.
Sure,sendmeyourresumeandI’llletpeopleknowyou’relooking.
Thanks.
L4Unit3-2listening朗朗
LangLangisoneoftheworld’sgreatestconcertpianist.Hisfirstcontactwithwesternmusicwaswhenhewasjust2yearsold.HewatchedthecantoninwhichacatplayedafamouspiecebyFranzLiszt.Fromthisexperience,hedecidedhewantedtolearntoplaypiano.Whenhewas3andahalfyearsago,hestartedpianolessons.2yearslater,hewonfirstplaceinthepianocompetition.ThisearlysuccessgavehisfathergreathopethatLangLandwillbecametheworldgreatestpianist.
WhenLangLangwas9yearsago,hisfatherquithisjobandtookhimtoBeijing.Theylefteverythingbehindincludinghismotherwhohadtowork.LangLangdidn’twanttoleaveherbehindbuthisfatherinsisted.HisfatherwantedhimtostudyatfamousCentralConservatoryofMusic.WhentheymovedtoBeijing,theyrentedaflatinapoorareaofthecity.Duringthistime,LangLangpracticedseveralhoursaday.Theystartedpracticingat5o’clockwhichupsethisneighbors.Theywouldoftenpoundonhisdoorandaskhimtostoppracticing.Theyweresoangrythatheoftenfearedthattheywouldbeathimup.
LangLangusuallyhadpianolessonsonceaweektopreparefortheconservatory.Nearly2000studentswereapplyingforjust12placesattheconservatory.Hislessonswereexpensiveandverydifficult,especiallybecauseofhispianoteacher.Hismusicteacherdidn’tlikeLangLang.hecalledhisteacherprofessorAngrybecauseshealwaysgavehimahardtime.Oneafternoon,histeachertoldhimhehadnotalentandtoldhimtogohome.Uponhearingthenews,hisfatherscreamedandseemedtolosehismind.Hisfathertoldhimthateverythingwasdestroyedandtherewasnoreasontolive.HeorderedLangLangtojumpoffthe11th-floorbalcony.Afterthis,LangLangalmostwentcrazy.Hedidn’twanttoplaythepianoanymore.
Forseveralmonths,heneitherplayedthepianonorspoketohisfather.Thensomefriendsencouragedhimtoplayapieceforthemandherealizedhisgreatloveofpiano.Forthenext19months,hepracticedhardandhisfatherencouragedhim.Finally,whenhewasten,hewasacceptedintotheConservatorywithafullscholarship.In1995,whenhewas13yearsold,heplayedmusicbyshow*atBeijingconcerthall.Inthatsameyear,hewonfirstplaceataninternationalcompetitionforyoungmusiciansinJapan.Whenhewas15,hemovedtotheUnitedStatesandbegantostudywiththefamouspianistatCinstitute.Sincethen,hecareerhasgrownandhehasbecomeamajorstar.OneoftheAmericanmusiccriticscalledhimthebiggestmostexitingkeyoftalentIhaven’tencounteredmanyayearofattentionpianorecycles.
In2010,LangLangsignedarecallingcontractforseveralmilliondollars.In2011,heperformedatwhitehouseforpresidentofObamaofUnitedStatesandHuJintaoofChina.
Withallofhissuccessandfame,LangLangtriestoencourageothers.Heuseshisfametospreadthepopularityofclassicmusicandencourageyoungmusicians.Andintheend,LangLangandhisfatherhaverebuilttheirrelationship.Inhisautobiography,Mr.Langdedicatedthebooktohismotherandfather.
L4Unit3-2vocabulary财务、地理
Apersondebtishowmuchheorsheowestoothers.Debtcanbeintheformofmoney,productsandservicesowestosomeoneelse.Ifyouborrowmoney,theyweretakingonnewdebt.
Anassetissomethingthathasvalue,suchasmoney,propertyorevenanicepersonality.Assetscanbeusedtopayoffdebts.Specializedknowledgeorskillsarealsoassetsthatcanbeusedtogetajoborearnmoney.
Realestateispropertiessuchasland,housesandbuildings.Buying,sellingorrentingpropertyisthebusinessofrealestate.Buyingorsellingrealestateispopularforinvestments.
Inventoryisadetaillistofitemsinone’spossession.Inbusiness,one’sinventoryisthesupplyofitemsthatarereadyforsale.Ifastorerunsoutofthethingsforsale,itneedstoresupplyitsinven
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