初高级中学衔接时态语态.docx
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初高级中学衔接时态语态.docx
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初高级中学衔接时态语态
英语八种时态归纳复习
时态是英语学习中一个至关重要的内容,广大初中学生在实际运用时,往往对时态问题倍感棘手,下面我们就归纳复习一下这几种时态。
一、一般现在时
(一)定义
表示经常性或习惯性的动作,或存在的状态,还表示主语具备的性格
和能力及客观真理。
例:
Igetupat6:
30inthemorning.
Sheisathome.
Wheredoesyourfatherwork?
(二)构成
主要用动词原形表示,当主语是第三人称单数时,在动词词尾加s/es。
(三)一般现在时练习题
用动词的适当形式填空
1.I like____________(swim).
2.He_________(read)English every day.
3.We_________(go)toschoolatseveninthemorning.
4.Mike________(go)toschoolatseveninthemorning.
5.My mother________(like)______(go)shopping.
6.Ican________(draw) many beautiful pictures.
7.She_________(make)a model plane.
8.Do you________(like)_________(run)?
9.Does he_________(like)_________(jump)?
10.DoesNancy_________(grow)flowersonSaturday?
二、一般过去时
(一)结构
一般过去时用动词的过去式表示。
基本结构
否定句
一般疑问句
Be动词
was/were+not
was或were提前,放于句首
行为动词
didn’t+do(动词原形)
Did+主语+do(动词原形)
注:
在一般过去时的句子中,谓语动词可分为两类一类是be动词,其形式为was与第一、三人称单数连用,were与第二人称和复数人称的主语连用。
凡是由be动词做谓语的句子,变否定句时,直接在其后加not,即wasn’t或weren’t,变一般疑问句将was/were放在句首,句末用问号。
另一类谓语动词是由行为动词来充当,如stayed\went\visited等,这一类动词做谓语时,可与任何人称连用,句子变否定时,要在主语后面,动词的前面加didn’t,动词用原形;一般疑问句是把did提到句首,动词用原形。
IwasinShanghailastyear.
Iwasn’tinShanghailastyear.
WasyouinShanghailastyear?
Hewenttotheparkyesterday.
Hedidn’tgototheparkyesterday?
Didhegototheparkyesterday?
(二)动词过去式的规则变化
1)一般情况下,在动词原形末尾加-ed;如look-looked
2)结尾是字母e的动词加-d,如practice-practiced;
3)结尾是“辅音字母+y”的动词,变“y”为“i”再加ed,如studystudied;
4)重读闭音节结尾,双写动词尾的辅音字母,再加ed,如stopstopped。
不规则动词表
InfinitivePasttenseInfinitivePasttense
catchcaughtcomecame
dodiddrawdrew
drinkdrankdrivedrove
eatatefallfell
amiswasarewere
beginbegunbreakbroke
bringbroughtbuildbuilt
buyboughtcancould
(三)一般过去时练习题
一、写出下列动词的过去式
1.look—2.live—3.stop—4.carry—
5.hope—6.trip—7.call—8.finish—
9.want—10.are—11.go—12.have—
13.do—14.get—e—16.say—
二、用所给动词的适当形式填空
1.I______(watch)acartoononSaturday.
2.Herfather_______(read)anewspaperlastnight.
3.We_________tozooyesterday,we_____tothepark.(go)
4.______you_______(visit)yourrelativeslastSpringFestival?
5.______he_______(fly)akiteonSunday?
Yes,he______.
6.GaoShan_______(pull)upcarrotslastNationalDayholiday.
7.I____________(sweep)theflooryesterday,butmymother______.
8.It_________(be)Ben'sbirthdaylastFriday
9.Weall_________(have)agoodtimelastnight.
10.He_______footballnow,butthey_______basketballjustnow.(play)
三、一般将来时
(一)概念
表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。
TherewillbeanEnglishpartynextSaturday.
Wewillcometoseeyoutomorrow.
(二)结构
1、由will+动词原形构成,其will适用于各种人称,与主语连在一起时,常常缩写为’ll。
变否定句时,只需在will后加not,可缩写为won’t。
在疑问句中,will需提前,构成will+主语+动词原形的结构。
Hewillarriveherethisevening.他今晚抵达这里。
2、shall+动词原形(常用于主语为第一人称)
Ishall/willnotbefreetomorrow.我明天没空。
3、begoingto+动词原形(打算、准备做某事)
HeisgoingtospendhisholidaysinLondon.他打算在伦敦度假。
一般将来时练习题
一、单项选择
( )1. There__________ameetingtomorrowafternoon.
A.willbegoingto B.willgoingtobe C.isgoingtobe D.willgotobe
( )2. Charlie________herenextmonth.
A.isn'tworking B.doesn'tworking C.isn'tgoingtoworking D.won'twork
( )3. He________verybusythisweek,he________freenextweek.
A.willbe;is B.is;is C.willbe;willbe D.is;willbe
( )4. There________adolphinshowinthezootomorrowevening.
A.was B.isgoingtohave C.willhave D.isgoingtobe
( )5. -_____you______freetomorrow?
-No.I_____freethedayaftertomorrow.
A.Are;goingto;will B.Are;goingtobe;will
C.Are;goingto;willbe D.Are;goingtobe;willbe
二、动词填空
1.I______(leave)inaminute.I______(finish)allmyworkbeforeI______(leave).
2.Mary'sbirthdayisnextMonday,hermother_____(give)herapresent.
3.Itisverycoldthesedays.It______(snow)soon.
4.-_____you_____(be)herethisSaturday?
-No.I______(visit)myteacher.
5.-______I______(get)youacopyoftoday'snewspaper?
-Thankyou.
四、过去将来时
(一)概念
表示过去的某时以后将要发生的动作。
但这个"将来"时间绝不会延伸到“现在”;而仅限于“过去时间区域内”。
例句:
Iknewyouwouldagree.我知道你会同意的。
IsaidIwouldarrangeeverything.我说我来安排一切。
(二)过去将来时练习题
一.选择填空
1.LiMingsaidhe_____happyifBrian_____toChinanextmonth.
A.as;comeB.was;wouldcome
C.wouldbe;cameD.willbe;come
2.Jennysaidshe_____herholidayinChina.
A.spentB.wouldspent
C.wasgoingtospentD.wouldspend
3.—Whatdidyoursonsayintheletter?
—Hetoldmethathe______theDisneyWorldthenextday.
A.willvisit B.hasvisited
C.isgoingtovisit D.wouldvisit
4.IhopedTina______tomybirthdaypartyontimethenextWednesday.
A.tocome B.iscoming
C.willcome D.wascoming
5.Fathersaidthathe______metoBeijingthenextyear.
A.took B.wouldtake
C.takes D.willtake
二.用所给动词的适当形式填空
1.MissZhangsaidshe________(visit)theGreatWallnextsummer.
2.Shetoldhimthatshe________(notstay)hereforlong.
3.Iwasn’tsurewhetherLucy_______(come)thenextyear.
4.Thescientistssaidtheworld’spopulation_______(slow)downinfuture.
5.Shesaidthebus_______(leave)atfivethenextmorning.
5、现在进行时
(一)概念
表示说话时刻正在进行的动作及行为,或者包括说话时刻在内的一段时间正在进行的动作。
常用时间状语及标志词:
now(atthemoment),listen,look,thisweek,thisevening,thesedays等。
(二)结构
由Be(am/is/are)+动词—ing构成。
Listen,Someoneisplayingthepianointhenextroom.
(三)动词的现在分词形式构成的几种方法:
1、一般在动词原形结尾直接加-ing。
read-reading,go-going,visit-visiting
2、以不发音字母e结尾的动词,去e再加-ing。
live-living,write-writing,make-making,take-taking
3、 以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的词,双写这个字母再加-ing。
sit-sitting,begin-beginning,get-getting,run-running,
put-putting
4、少数几个以ie结尾的动词,变ie为y再加-ing。
die-dying,lie-lying,tie-tying
(四)现在进行时练习题
一、写出下列动词的现在分词:
play______run__________swim________make_______go________like________
write_______read________have_______sing_______dance_______put______
see_____buy______love__________live_______take________come________
get________stop________sit________begin________shop__________
二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空:
1.Theboy__________________(draw)apicturenow.
2.Listen.Somegirls__________(sing)intheclassroom.
3.Mymother____________(cook)somenicefoodnow.
4.What_____you______(do)now?
5.Look.They_____________(have)anEnglishlesson.
6.They____________(not,water)theflowersnow.
7.Look!
thegirls____________(dance)intheclassroom.
8.Whatisourgranddaughterdoing?
She_________(listen)tomusic.
9.It's5o'clocknow.We___________(have)suppernow
10.______Helen__________(wash)clothes?
Yes,sheis
6、过去进行时
(一)概念
表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行或发生的动作。
动作发生的特指时间常用一个短语或时间状语从句来表明,如:
atthistimeyesterday,at7:
00yesterday,lastnight,fromseventonine,atthattime以when或while引导的时间状语从句等。
(二)结构
由was/were+动词-ing构成。
MyfamilywerewatchingTVatthistimeyesterday.
(三)过去进行时练习题
一、用动词的适当形式填空
1.Whilewe__________(wait)forthebus,agirl__________(run)uptous.
2.I__________(telephone)afriendwhenBob__________(come)in.
3.Jim__________(jump)onthebusasit__________(move)away.
4.We__________(test)thenewmachinewhentheelectricity__________(go)off.
5.I_____(have)mybreakfastathalfpastsixyesterdaymorning.
二、选择题
1.I______cookedamealwhenyou_____me.
a.cooked,wereringing b.wascooking,rang
c.wascooking,wereringing d.cooked,rang
2.Hesaidhe_____todrawaplaneontheblackboardatthattime.
a.tries b.tried c.wastrying d.willtry
3.Whileshe______TV,she______asoundoutsidetheroom.
a.waswatching,washearing b.watched,washearing
c.watched,heard d.waswatching,heard
4.They_____afootballgamefrom7to9lastnight.
a.werewatching b.watch c.watched d.arewatching
5.Whatbook____you______whenI____youatfouryesterdayafternoon?
a.did,read,wasseeing b.did,read,saw
c.were,reading,saw d.were,reading,wasseeing
七、现在完成时
(一)概念
现在完成时用来表示现在之前已发生或完成的动作或状态,但其结果却和现在有联系,也就是说,动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在。
e.g.Ihavelostmywallet.(含义是:
现在我没有钱花了。
)
Janehaslaidthetable.(含义是:
已可以吃饭了。
)
Michaelhasbeenill.(含义是:
现在仍然很虚弱。
)
(二)结构
助动词have/has+动词过去分词,主语为第三人称单数用has,其他人称用have。
(三)现在完成时练习题
一、单项选择
1、Both his parents look sad.
Maybethey _________what's happened to him.
A. knew B. haveknown C. mustknow D.willknow
2、He has _______been to Shanghai,has he?
A. already B.never C.ever D.still
3、Have you met Mr Li______?
A. just B. ago C.before D. amomentago
4、Thefamouswriter_____onenewbookinthepasttwoyear
A.is writing B.was writing C.wrote D.has written
5、-Ourcountry ______alotsofar.
-Yes.Ihopeitwillbeeven______.
A.has changed;well B. changed;good
C.has changed;betterD. changed;better
二、句型转换
1、Theoldman_________lastyear.He ___________ forayear.(die)
2、Thisfactoryopenedtwentyyearsago.(同义句转换)
Thisfactory ________fortwentyyears.
3、MissGaoleftanhourago. (同义句转换)
MissGao_______________________________anhourago.
4、HermotherhasbeenaPartymemberforthreeyears.(同义句)
Her mother_______the Party three years ________.
5、TheGreenFamilymovedtoFrancetwo
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