英语辽宁省大连渤海高级中学届高三二轮学科考.docx
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英语辽宁省大连渤海高级中学届高三二轮学科考.docx
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英语辽宁省大连渤海高级中学届高三二轮学科考
辽宁省大连渤海高级中学2018届高三二轮学科考
英语试题
考生注意:
1.答题前,考生务必将自己的考号、姓名填写在试题、答题纸和答题卡上,考生要认真核对涂准答题卡上的相关信息。
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Ⅰ.阅读理解(满分30分)
A
Mostpeoplebelievefuturehumansaregoingtoouterspace,ratherthaninnerspace.Theydon'trealizethatspaceisrapidlybecominganinformationaldesert,andthattherewillbeveryfewpeopleinterestedingoingintospaceforanyreasonwhatsoeverinthefuture.
In2050therewilllikelybea“PlanetChannel”foreveryplanetofthesolarsystem,butmostpeoplewillbeverycontenttowatchwhattherobotsaredoingratherthanrundownOlympusMonsonMarsinperson,at1/3gravity,asfunasthatmaysound.Bythemiddleofthiscentury,our“eyesinspace”willhaverunoutofalmosteverythingthatmightbeinterestingtofind.AstheastronomerMartinHarwitobservedintheexcellentandveryunderappreciatedCosmicDiscovery,1981,wehavebeenrunningoutofuniqueastronomicalfeaturestodiscoverfordecades.
Bythemid21stcenturytherewillbeafewareasofthephysicalspectrum(范围),likegravitywaves,whichwillremainunderexplored.Butvirtuallyeverythingelsewillhavebeenmodeledwelltoafirstapproximation(概算),andoursimulationsciencewillbeclearlymorefruitfulatthattimethanourdatadrivenexplorations.Already,Hubbleseestotheedgeoftheuniverse.Whatmorecanweask?
That'slikehavingamapofEarth.Onceyougetthefirstone,youpayalotlessforthenextones.
Unlikeinnerspace,therangeofpossibilityforprobing(探测),combiningandcomputingwithevermoreminiaturized(小型化的)matter,outerspacerapidlybecomes“computationallyclosed”.Thereissimplynocompellingreasontogotoouterspace,andeveryreasontogotoinnerspace,aswe'lldiscussmorelater.
1.Accordingtotheauthor,in2050mostpeoplewouldliketo________.
A.exploreouterspacethemselves
B.keeprobotsworkingforthem
C.gotoOlympusMonsonMars
D.watchrobotsexploringouterspace
2.Whatdoestheauthormainlydiscussinthepassage?
A.Thereasonwhyfuturehumansshouldgointoouterspace.
B.Thereasonwhyweshouldn'tmakemucheffortinexploringouterspace.
C.Thehistoryandthefutureofspaceexploration.
D.Thedifferenceinouterspaceexplorationandinnerspaceexploration.
3.Theauthorholdstheviewthat________.
A.humanscansurviveinouterspaceinthefuture
B.muchofouterspaceremainstobediscovered
C.thereremainsverylittleforustoexploreinouterspace
D.weshouldkeepabalancebetweentheexplorationofouterandinnerspace
4.Whatwilltheauthortalkaboutintheparagraphcloselyfollowingthepassage?
A.Theneedtoexploreinnerspace.
B.Howtoexploreinnerspace.
C.Thedifficultyinexploringinnerspace.
D.What“computationallyclosed”means.
B
TOKYO—IfyougrowoldinJapan,youmayexpecttobeservedfoodbyarobot,rideavoicerecognitionwheelchairorevenpossiblyhireanurseinaroboticsuit—allexamplesofcuttingedgetechnologytocareforthecountry'srapidlygrayingpopulation.
Withnearly22percentofJapan'spopulationalreadyaged65orolder,businessesherehavebeenrollingouteverythingfromeasyentrycarstoremotecontrolledbeds,fuelingacaretechnologymarketworthsome$1.08billionin2006,accordingtoindustryfigures.
Atahomecareandrehabilitation(恢复)conventioninTokyothisweek,buyerscrowdedroundademonstrationofSecomCo.'sMySpoonfeedingrobot,whichhelpselderlyordisabledpeopleeatwithaspoonandafittedswiveling(转动的)arm.
Operatingajoystick(操纵杆)withhischin,developerShigehisaKobayashimaneuveredthearmtowardablockofsofttofu,deftly(灵巧地)gettingtheforktobreakoffapiece.Thearmthenreturnedtoapreprogrammedpositioninfrontofthemouth,allowingKobayashitobiteandswallow.
“It'sallaboutempoweringpeopletohelpthemselves,”Kobayashisaid.TheTokyobasedcompanyhasalreadysold300oftherobots,whichcomewithapricetagof$3,500.“Wewanttogivetheelderlycontrolovertheirownlives,”hesaid.
Therapidlyagingpopulationherehasspurredaspateofconcerns:
alaborshortage,taxfalls,financialdifficultiesinpayingthehealthbillsandpensionsoflargenumbersoftheelderly.
Moreover,abreakdownoffamilytiesinrecentyearsmeansagrowingnumberofolderJapanesearespendingtheirgoldenyearsawayfromthecaretraditionallyprovidedbychildrenandgrandchildren.
That'swherecuttingedgetechnologystepsin.
5.Theunderlinedword“maneuvered”inthefourthparagraphprobablymeans“________”.
A.movedskillfully B.turnedcarefully
C.liftedwitheffortD.fixedquickly
6.MySpoonfeedingrobotisspeciallydesignedfor________.
A.thoseaged65orolder
B.thosewhohavedifficultyinfeedingthemselves
C.thosewhohavelosttheabilityofeating
D.thosewhocanmovetheirarmsfreely
7.Withthespecialrobots,theelderlyinJapancan________.
A.puttheirlivesunderthecontroloftherobots
B.helpthemselves
C.savealotofmoneyforthegovernment
D.havetheirmedicalbillsreduced
8.Wecanconcludefromthepassagethat________.
A.thecuttingedgetechnologymakesiteasierfortheyoungandoldinJapantokeepties
B.thecuttingedgetechnologyhaschangedthetraditionalfamilysysteminJapan
C.theelderlyinJapanusuallylivefarawayfromtheirchildrenandgrandchildren
D.therapidlyagingpopulationinJapanhascausedmanysocialproblems
C
Thereweresmilingchildrenalltheway.Clearlytheyknewatwhattimethetrainpassedtheirhomesandtheymadeittheirbusinesstostandalongtherailway,wavetocompletestrangersandcheerthemupastheyrushedtowardsPenang.Oftenwholefamiliesstoodoutsidetheirhomesandwavedandsmiledasifthoseonthetrainsweretheirfavoriterelatives.ThisisthesimplevillagepeopleofMalaysia.Iwasmoved.
IhadalwaystraveledtoMalaysiabyplaneorcar,sothiswasthefirsttimeIwasonatrain.Ididnotparticularlyrelishthelongtrainjourneyandhadbroughtalongadozenmagazinestoreadandreread.Ilookedaboutthetrain.Therewasnotonefamiliarface.IsighedandsatdowntoreadmyEconomics.
ItwasnotlongbeforethetrainwasacrosstheCausewayandinMalaysia.JohoreBaruwasjustanothercitylikeSingapore,soIwastiredoflookingatthecrowdsofpeopleastheyhurriedpast.Aswewentbeyondthecity,Iwatchedthestraightrowsofrubbertreesandmilesandmilesofgreen.Thenthefirstvillagecameintosight.ImmediatelyIcamealive;Idecidedtowaveback.
Fromthenonmyjourneybecameinteresting.IthrewmymagazinesintothewastebasketanddecidedtojoininMalaysianlife.Theneverythingcamealive.Themountainsseemedtospeaktome.Eventhetreesweresmiling.IstaredateverythingasifIwaslookingatitforthefirsttime.
ThedaypassedfastandIevenforgottohavemylunchuntilIfelthungry.Ilookedatmywatchandwassurprisedthatitwas3:
00pm.SoonthetrainpulledupatButterworth.Ilookedatthepeopleallaroundme.Theyalllookedbeautiful.Whenmyunclearrivedwithasmile,Ithrewmyarmsaroundhimtogivehimawarmhug.Ihadneverdonethisbefore.Heseemedsurprisedandthenhisweatherbeatenfacewarmedupwithahugesmile.Wewalkedarminarmtohiscar.
Ilookedforwardtothereturnjourney.
9.Theauthorexpectedthetraintriptobe________.
A.boringB.pleasantC.excitingD.adventurous
10.Whatdidtheauthorremembermostfondlyofhistraintrip?
A.Themountainsalongtheway.
B.Thefriendlycountrypeople.
C.Thecrowdsofpeopleinthestreets.
D.Thesimplelunchservedonthetrain.
11.Whichofthefollowingwordscanbestreplacetheunderlinedword“relish”inthesecondparagraph?
A.Choose.B.Carryon.C.Preparefor.D.Enjoy.
12.Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?
A.Comfortintravelingbytrain.
B.Smilesbrightenpeopleup.
C.Readinggivespeopledelight.
D.Pleasureoflivinginthecountry.
D
Ifyouthinkitiscoldwhereyouareatthemoment,thenavisittotheRussianvillageofOymyakonmightjustchangeyourmind.
WiththeaveragetemperatureforJanuarystandingat-50℃,itisnowonderthatthevillageisthecoldestinhabitedsettlementintheworld.Knownasthe“PoleofCold”,thecoldesttemperaturerecordedinOymyakonis-71.2℃,whichisthelowestrecordedtemperatureforanyinhabitedlocationonearth.
Ironically,Oymyakonactuallymeans“nonfreezingwater”duetoanearbyhotspring.MosthomesinOymyakonstillburncoalandwoodforheatandenjoyfewmodernconveniences.
Nothinggrowstheresopeopleeatreindeer(驯鹿)meatandhorsemeat.Asingleshopprovidesthetown'sbarenecessitiesandthelocalsworkasreindeerbreeders,huntersandicefisherman.
Thevillageislocatedaround750metresabovesealevelandthelengthofadayvariesfrom3hoursinDecemberto21hoursinsummer.Anddespiteitsterriblewinters,inJune,JulyandAugusttemperaturesover30℃arenotuncommon.
Therearefewmodernconveniencesinthevillage—withmanybuildingsstillhavingoutdoortoiletsandmostpeoplestillburningcoalandwoodforheat.Whencoaldeliveriesareirregular,thepowerstationstartsburningwood.Ifthepowerceases,thetownwillshutdowninaboutfivehours,andthepipeswillfreezeandcrack.
DailyproblemsthatcomewithlivinginOymyakonincludepeninkfreezing,glassesfreezingtopeople'sfacesandbatterieslosingpower.Localsaresaidtoleavetheircarsrunningalldayforfearofnotbeingabletorestartthem.
Evenifthereiscoverageformobilephonereception,thephonesthemselvescouldnotworkinsuchcoldconditions.
Anotherproblemcaused
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