中美家庭观的比较.docx
- 文档编号:3561479
- 上传时间:2022-11-23
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:12
- 大小:34.45KB
中美家庭观的比较.docx
《中美家庭观的比较.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《中美家庭观的比较.docx(12页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
中美家庭观的比较
题目:
中美家庭观之比较
AComparisonofFamilyValuesbetweenChinaandAmerica
Contents
AbstractinChinese……………………………………………….…………….…4
AbstractinEnglish………………………………………………..……………....5
Introduction…………………………………………………….…………….…….6
Ⅰ.Thedifferentunderstandingsofthefamilyconcepts………………………...7
1.1Chineseunderstandingsofthefamilyconcepts………………………………7
1.2Americanunderstandingsofthefamilyconcepts………………….………….8
Ⅱ.Thedifferencesoftheconjugalrelationship…………………………………..9
2.1Thedifferentmarriagevalues…………………………………………………9
2.1.1.Chinesepeople’sfamilyvaluesinmarriage………………………………...9
2.1.2.Americanpeople’sattitudetomarriage……………………………………11
2.2.Differencesingenderroles……………………………………………………12
2.2.1InChinafamily,husbandsareusuallyintheleadingposition,andwifestillassumethegreatmajorityofhouseresponsibilities……………………………..12
2.2.2.InAmericafamily,husbandandwifesharethehouseholdequallyandwifeisindependenteconomically……………………………………………………….13
Ⅲ.Thedifferencesofrelationshipsbetweenparentsandchildren……….……..12
3.1Thedifferencesoffamilyeducation………………………………….……...13
3.1.2.Americanfamilyeducationmode……………………………………….….15
3.2.Differencesinsupportingtheirparents……………………………….….….16
3.2.1.InChina,supportingelderlyparentsisbothresponsibilityandobligation.
………………………………………………………………………………….….…16
3.2.2InAmerica,supportingparentsisnotchildren’sobligation………….……17
Ⅳ.Ⅳ:
Theinfluenceoffamilyvalues……………………………………….…....18
4.1.Theinfluenceonindividuals…………………………………………………..18
4.2.Theinfluenceonsociety……………………………………………………….19
Conclusion..................................................................................................................20
Bibliography…………………………………………………………......................21
Acknowledgement.....................................................................................................21
摘要
家庭是人类社会最基本的组成单位之一,由于不同的历史、文化以及诸多其它因素,家庭观念,规则,习惯以及家庭成员的思想和行为都有着极大的不同。
本文试图从以下四个方面来探索中国和美国在家庭观方面的差异。
文章首先分析了中美人民对家庭观念的不同理解,其次阐述了中美婚姻关系的差异,这一部分包括婚姻观以及家庭性别分工的差异。
其次分析了父母与子女关系之间的差异,主要包括子女教育和父母赡养两部分。
最后分析了中美家两国庭观之间的差异对个人与社会的影响。
关键词
家庭观、中国、美国、差异
Abstract
Familyisoneofthemostbasicelementsofhumansociety,duetothedifferenthistory,culturesandmanyotherfactors,thebeliefs,rulesandhabitsofafamilyanditsmembers`ideasandbehaviorsareallverydifferent.ThispapertriestogropeforthedifferencesofthefamilyvaluesbetweenChinaandAmericafromthefollowingfouraspects.Firstly,itanalyzesthedifferentunderstandingsofthefamilyconcepts,secondly,illustratesthedifferencesoftheconjugalrelationship,includingthedifferentvaluesinmarriageandthedifferencesinthegenderroles,thenpresentstherelationshipbetweenparentsandchildren,includingchildreneducationandparentssupporting,finallyanalyzestheinfluencesonindividualandsociety.
Keywords
familyvalue;China;America;differences
Introduction
Familyisthebasicunitofsocialorganizationwhichiscomposedbyrelationshipofmarriage,kinshiporadoptiverelationship.Asfamilyisaninteractionorcontactamongfamilymemberswhoarelivingtogetherandtakingpartinproductionandconsumption,themeaningofafamilyischild-rearingandsupportingtheelderly.Withtheformationanddevelopmentofthefamily,familyvalueswerebornattherightmoment,whicharetheprerequisiteofthechangesanddevelopmentoffamily.Inthemiddleofthe20thcentury,withthechangeofhumanideasandEast-westculturalconflict,thesizeofthefamilyshrankgradually,undertheinfluencesofthosenewideas,familyvaluesunderwentgreatchangesanddeeplyaffectedtheproductionandhumanlife.Inmodernsociety,themostimportantmeaningoffamilyistogivebirthandbringupchildren,familymustbeabletomaintainthelivelihoodofallthefamilymembersandprotecttheinterestsofeachmemberasmuchaspossible.Familyinvolvesindividualdirectly,whichisabridgebetweenpeopleandsociety,mostpeoplebelievethatitisthemostemotionalsocialgroup.WeChinesefocusonthewholefamilywhileAmericanemphasizeindividualism,therefore,therelationshipsamongfamilymembersarealsoquitedifferent.However,reasonsforthesedifferencesarequitecomplicated,includingdifferentcustoms,culturesandsocialbackgroundsandsoon.
Familyvaluesreflectpeople’soutlooks.Theinfluencesoffamilyvaluesaredemonstratedinmanyaspects,suchascultures,familyrelationshipsandpersonaldevelopment.TheanalysisoffamilyvaluescanhelpustobetterunderstandthedifferencesbetweenChinaandAmericainculture,familysituationandpersonaldevelopment,aswellastoacquireafurtherinsightincultureshockandgapsincommunication.ThisarticlemainlydiscussesthedifferentfamilyvaluesbetweenChinaandAmerica,anditismainlydividedintofourparts.Thefirstpartanalyzesthedifferentunderstandingsofthefamilyconcepts;thesecondpartcomparestherelationshipbetweenhusbandandwife;thethirdpartisthedifferencesoftherelationshipbetweenparentsandchildren,andthelastpartdealswiththeinfluencesofthefamilyvaluesonindividualandsociety.
Ⅰ.Thedifferentunderstandingsofthefamilyconcepts
1.1Chineseunderstandingsofthefamilyconcepts
InChina,extendedfamilyisasmallgroup,whichhasitsownleaderandorder,andharmonyisthemainconceptofthefamily.
Fromancienttimestonow,thegreatesthappinessoftheextendedfamilyisseveralgenerationslivingtogether,andtheoldusuallywanttosharethehappinesswiththeirfamily.Theextendedfamilyismadeupofseveralgenerationswhicharealwaysorganizedfromtoptobottom,theoldestbeingtheleaderofthefamilyandenjoyingthehighestpower.Chineseextendedfamilyusuallycontainsgreatgrandfather/mother,grandfather/mother,father’sbrothersandsisters,father’sdaughtersandsons,therefore,inChina,familyreferstotherelationshipwhichislinkedbyconsanguinity.
ChinesepeoplearedeeplyinfluencedbythephilosophyofConfucianism,theyconsiderthefamilyasateam,andtheyemphasizecooperationandunificationamongfamilymembers.Harmonyisthemainconcept.
Itiswellknownthatalmosteveryancientfamilyhasitsrules,andthoserulesareverystrict,everymemberneedstoobeythem,andwhodonotcomplywiththoseregulationswouldbepunished.Forexample,ifoneofthefamilymemberwhojusttrytofightforthefamily`sinterestswouldberegardedasaselfishbehavior,whichisunacceptablefortheotherfamilymembers.Chinesepayattentiontotheinterestsofthewholefamily,thisbeliefcomesfromChineseunderstandingoftherelationshipbetweenCountryandfamily,astheybelievethatfamilyisthebeginningofhumanrelations,andCountryiscomposedbyfamilies.Therefore,inChina,traditionalethicistsbelievethatifwewanttosafeguardthestate'speaceandstability,weshouldfirstkeepuptheharmonyofourfamilies.AstheoldChinesesayinggoes“makeyourselfagoodman,soastobeagoodrulerofafamily,andthenofacountry,andthenoftheworld”,henceharmoniousfamilyisthefoundationtokeepthecountry’speace,andifthere'speaceathome,everythingwillprosper!
Therefore,inordertoregulatefamily,oldfamilyrulesemerged.
IntheChineseextendedfamily,people’srelationshipsareverycomplex,everyfamilyhasitsorder,andboththeoldandtheyounghavetoobeytheirhierarchies.Confucianideasshowthateachfamilymembershouldbedutiful,anddowhattheyshoulddoanddonotjeopardizeothers,thenthefamilywillbeatpeace.TheseruleshaveexistedinChinaforthousandsofyears,andithashadaveryprofoundimpactontheformationofChinesefamilyvalues.Similarly,theChinesehavecompliedwiththeserulesforthousandsofyears,andtheyhavealreadyformedsuchnotionthattheserulesareanecessarytruth.
1.2.Americanunderstandingsofthefamilyconcepts
Americannuclearfamilyfocusonindividualismandtheyadvocateequality,freedomandindependence.
InEnglish,thewordfamilyisexplainedfatherandmother,Iloveyou.Infact,itismerit.WhenAmericansrefertofamily,theyusuallymeanparentsandtheirchildren,whichisthenuclearfamily.FormostAmericans,thetypicalfamilyiscomposedbyasmallnumberofpeople,theelderlyparentsarenotincludedandtherearenotmanyrelativeslivingtogether.Intheireyes,grandparents,parents,brothersandsistersareonly"relatives”,notfamilymembers.
Basedontheideaofequality,freedomandindependence,therelationshipoffamilymembersinAmericaisverysimple.Americansthinkeverymemberofthefamily,includingtheirchildren,isequalandindependent.IndividualisminfluencesAmericanfamilyvaluesprofoundlyandextensively.Tornvigthoughtitcouldmakeeachmemberoftheunionseparatethemselvesfromtheothers.TheAmericansbelievethateveryoneshouldhavetherighttoberecognizedandrespectedandhastherighttoliveaccordingtotheirownwishes.Thebehaviorsofanyfamilymemberswouldbeconsideredtobepersonalactions,lessrelatedtotheotherfamilymembers.Theygettoseethemselvesasveryindependentpeoplefromveryyoung,andlearntoberesponsibleforthemselves,insteadofseeingthemselvesasmemberofaninterdependentfamily,religion,group,race,nationoranyothergroups.Peoplewhogrowupinthiscultureusuallydonotconcernaboutothers`interestsbutbelievethateverybodyshoulddealwithhisownbusiness.Meanwhile,theideaofindividualismmakestherelationshipofafamilyverypersonal.Ofcourse,thatbringsaboutsomenegativeconsequences,andmakesAmericanfamilyover-emphasi
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 中美 家庭 比较