02快乐背单词暑假初升高衔接词根法速记高中必背单词.docx

02快乐背单词暑假初升高衔接词根法速记高中必背单词.docx

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02快乐背单词暑假初升高衔接词根法速记高中必背单词

2021年暑假初升高衔接高中必背单词词根二

bio=life生命

1.biology[baɪˈɒlədʒi]

n.生物学;生理;

[例句]Thelibraryhasalargebiologysection.这个图书馆有大量的生物学藏书。

[其他]复数：

biologies

bio=life生物，-logy=branchofscience表学科，研究生物的学科就是生物学。

biologist[baɪˈɒlədʒɪst]n.生物学家;

拆分：

bio（生物）+logy（学科）+ist人

记忆要点：

-ist为表示“人”的名词后缀。

biological[ˌbaɪəˈlɒdʒɪkl]

adj.生物学的;生物的;与生命过程有关的;加（生化）酶的;

n.[药]生物制品;生物制剂;

拆分：

bio（生物）+logy（学科）+cal（构成）

记忆要点：

-cal构成

microbiology[ˌmaɪkrəʊbaɪˈɒlədʒi]n.微生物学;

拆分：

micro（微）+bio（生物）+logy（学科）

记忆要点：

-micro微小的

biotechnology[ˌbaɪəʊtekˈnɒlədʒi]n.生物科技;

拆分：

bio（生物）+technology（科技）

记忆要点：

technology（科技）

2.biotic[baɪˈɒtɪk]

adj.生物的;生命的;

拆分：

bio（生物）+tic（形容词后缀）

记忆要点：

-tic形容词后缀

antibiotic[ˌæntibaɪˈɒtɪk]

n.抗菌素;抗生素（如青霉素）;

adj.抗生素的;抗生的;抗菌的;抗菌作用的;

拆分：

anti（反）+bio（生物）+tic（形容词后缀）

记忆要点：

anti反antibioticabuse抗生素滥用

biociden.抗微生物剂；杀虫（菌）剂；生物杀伤剂;

拆分：

bio（生物）+cide（杀）

记忆要点：

-cide杀

3.biography[baɪˈɒɡrəfi]

n.传记;传记作品;

[例句]Thebiographyshowshiminafavourablelight.

传记刻画出了他的正面形象。

bio=life生命，生活；-graphy=write写，writeaboutone’slife书写某个人生平的著作就是传记。

autobiography[ˌɔːtəbaɪˈɒɡrəfi]n.自传;自传体写作;

拆分：

auto（自）+bio（生物）+graphy（写作）

记忆要点：

auto=self

biographer[baɪˈɒɡrəfə（r）]n.传记作家;

拆分：

bio（生物）+graphy（写作）+er（的人）

3.biochemistry[ˌbaɪəʊˈkemɪstri]

n.生物化学;生物的化学结构和特性;

拆分：

bio（生物）+chemistry（化学）

记忆要点：

－chemistry化学－biochemistry生物化学；chemist化学家－biochemist生物化学家

biosphere['baɪə（ʊ）sfɪə]n.生物圈

拆分：

bio（生物）+sphere（范围）

记忆要点：

－sphere球形,范围，围绕大气层：

aerosphere＝aero空气+sphere

amphibian[æmˈfɪbiən]n.两栖动物;

拆分：

amphi（两种）+bian（生物），过两种生活的生物，它既能在水里生活也能在陆地上生活。

symbiosis[ˌsɪmbaɪˈəʊsɪs]

n.共生（关系）;合作关系;互惠互利的关系;

讲解：

sym-=together共同，bi=life生物，-osis=stateofliving表生存状态，stateofliveslivingtogether生物共同生存的状态，就是共生。

一、阅读还原7选5

请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后根据短文内容从下面的七个选项中，选择五个还原到文中，使短文意思通顺、结构完整。

LiYaoyouneverthoughthiswritingwouldbecomepopularonline.The14-year-oldatWuhanWuhanMiddleSchoolwrotebiography（传记）foreachofhis57classmatesinclassicalChinese1．.

Li'sbiographyhasmorethan8,000words.Hewroteeachofclassmates,includingtheirbirthdaysandpersonalities.2．.Infact,writingabiographywaspartofhisChinesehomeworkforwintervacation.StudentswereaskedtoreadHistoricalRecords（《史记》）.Thentheyhadtowriteabiographyforothers.

3．.Histeacherthenencouragedhimtowritemore.Itwasabigproject,butLiworkedhardtocompleteitsuccessfully.Hedidn'tknoweveryonewell.Sohetalkedwithhisclassmates'friendsandobservedthemcarefully."Once,towriteaboutagirlwhoIdidn'tknowwell,Italkedwithherfriendsforafewdays,"hesaid,"4．IgottoknowshelikesPikachuandfood！

5．.Sometimes,hesearchedonlinetolearnit.Butgradually,hislanguageskillsimproved."WhenIwrotethelast10piece,thewordscametomymindnaturally,"hesaid.Also,hetriedtosaysomethingmoreabouteachperson'sspecialside.Evenifitisnotagood,shiningpoint,Ikeepit.Iwanttobeobjective,"hesaid.

A．Atthebeginning,Lijustwroteaboutsixclassmatesheknewwell.

B．ExpressinghisideasinclassicalChinesewasnoteasy.

C．Andnowpeopleareadmiringhisgreattalent.

D．Andnowheisfamousasagreatwriter.

E.Theninthgraderseesasagraduationgifttothem.

F.Atfirsthedoesn'tlikeclassicalChineselessons.

G.Myhardworkpaidoff.

二、完型填空

Duringanexperiment,abiologistputasharkintoalargetankandthenputseveralsmallfishintoit,too.

Asyouwould6,thesharkquicklyswamaroundthetank（容器）.Whenitfoundthesmallerfish,it7begantoattackandeatthem.Thebiologistthenplacedastrongpieceof8glassintothetank,creatingtwoseparateparts.Shethenputthesharkinonepartofthetankandanewgroupoffishin9.

Again,thesharkquicklyattacked.Thistime,however,thesharkknockedinto10glassdividerandbouncedoff（弹回）.Thesharkkeptrepeatingthisbehavioreveryfewminutesbutit11.Meanwhile,thesmallfishswamaround12intheotherpart.Aboutanhourlater,theshark13up.Thisexperimentwasrepeatedseveral14overthenextfewweeks.Eachtime,thesharkgotlessaggressive（攻击性）anddidn’twantto15attackingthesmallfish,untilthesharkgot16ofhittingtheglassdividerandsimplystoppedattacking.

Thebiologistthenremovedtheglassdivider,17thesharkdidn’tattack.Thesharkwastrainedtobelievetherewasabarrier（障碍）betweenitselfandthesmallfish,sothefishswamwherevertheywished,without18.

Infact,manyofus,afterexperiencingsetbacksandfailures,emotionallygiveupandstoptrying.Likethe19inthestory,webelievethatbecausewewereunsuccessfulinthepast,wewillalwaysbeunsuccessful.Inotherwords,wecontinuetoseeabarrierinourheads,evenwhenthereisno“real”barrier20whereweareandwherewewanttogo.

6．A．worryB．fearC．expectD．remember

7．A．heavilyB．quicklyC．carefullyD．busily

8．A．dirtyB．darkC．lightD．clear

9．A．anotherB．otherC．theotherD．others

10．A．aB．anC．theD．（不填）

11．A．wantedB．failedC．leftD．hit

12．A．happilyB．quietlyC．safelyD．politely

13．A．tookB．gaveC．putD．cut

14．A．minutesB．monthsC．groupsD．times

15．A．allowB．stopC．forgetD．try

16．A．tiredB．excitedC．usedD．surprised

17．A．andB．soC．orD．but

18．A．deathB．dangerC．interestD．hope

19．A．sharkB．fishC．glassD．tank

20．A．amongB．fromC．throughD．between

三、阅读单选

A

Doyouknowaboutbio-plastic（生物塑料）？

Itisakindofplastic.butitisnotthesameasnormalplastic.Normalplasticismadefromchemicalmaterialsandtakesaverylongtimetodegrade（降解）.Butbio-plasticisgoodfortheenvironment.itismadebyusingbacteria（细菌）toprocess（加工）naturalsourceslikevegetableoils,cornorsugar.Itcandegrademoreeasily.

Butthereisaproblemwithbio-plastic.The"food"thatbacteriaeatiswhatweeat.Thismeansthatbacteriaarecompetingagainsthumansforthesameresources.

Nowscientistshavefoundanewwaytomakebio-plastic－usingtwokindsofbacteriaandsunlight.AccordingtoNewsweek.

Oneofthebacteriacanusesunlighttoproducesugar.Theotherlandeatsthesugarandproducespolymers（聚合物）.Polymersareusedtocreatebio-plastics.Thewaythebacteriastorepolymersissimilarashumansstorefats.

Thenewwaytoproducebio-plastichasmanyadvantages.Itis20timesfasterthanthenormalwayweproducebio-plastic.Moreover,usingthesetwobacteriasavesresources.

Thenextproblemscientistsfaceisthattheywanttoputtheirtabresearchintoreal-worldpractice.Bydoingthis,bio-plasticmadewiththesetwobacteriacanbewidelyproducedinthefuture.

21．Accordingtothepassage,whichisTRUEaboutbio-plastic?

A．Itisbadfortheenvironment.

B．It'smadefromchemicalmaterials.

C．Itisanewkindofbacteria.

D．Itcandegrademoreeasily.

22．Whatdoesthephrase"Thefood"underlinedreferto?

A．Normalplastic.B．Normalbacteria.C．Saltywaters.D．Naturalsources.

23．Fromthepassage,whichisthecorrectordertomakebio-plastic?

a.eatingthesugar

b.creatingbio-plastics

c.producingpolymers

d.usingsunlighttoproducesugar

A．a-d-c-bB．a-d-b-cC．d-a-c-bD．d-c-a-b

24．What'sthemainideaofthepassage?

A．Anewkindofplastic.B．Anewwaytoproducebio-plastic.

C．AwaytostorefatsD．Awaytoproducetwokindsofbacteria.

B

Tinyplantsandanimalsliveallaroundus.Wecannotseethembecausetheyaresosmall,buttheyareeverywhere.

Theyliveinthesoil,theair,andinriversandoceans.Theygrowonmountainsandincaves.Someliveintheiceatthenorthandsouthpoles;somelivewhereitisveryhot.Theyarefoundthroughoutcitiesandinthecountry.Theygrowonotherplantsandanimals.Someareevenlivingonyou,onyourskin,hair,andinsideyourbody,inyourmouth,nose,andallthroughyourintestines（肠）.

Thesetinyplantsandanimalsarecalledmicrobes.Thewordmicrobeismadefromtwootherwords:

micro,meaningsmall,andbios,meaninglife.So,microbemeanssmalllife.

Microbeshavebeenonearthforaverylongtime.Theymayhavebeenthefirstformsoflifetobealive.Todaytherearemoremicrobesintheworldthanallotherlivingthings.

Peopledidnotknowmicrobeshadexisted（存在）long.Theyweretoosmallforthemtosee.

Butpeopledidseemanychangesintheirworld—importantchanges.Andtheydidnotknowwhatcausedthem.Theysawfoodthattheykepttoolongchangecolorandbegintosmellbad.Theysawcutsandwoundsgrowredandpainfulandbecomeinfected.Theysawoldplantsandleavesandtrees crumbleapart ontheforestflooranddisappearintothesoil.Suchchangeswereanaturalpartoftheworld,butpeopledidnotunderstandthem.Theydidnotknowthesechangeswereevidence（证据）oftinyplantsandanimalsgrowingallaroundthem.

25．Wheredomicrobeslive?

A．Onlyintheforest.,B．Almosteverywhere.

C．Mostinveryhotareas.,D．Mostinriversandoceans.

26．Theunderlinedphrase“crumbleapart”inthelastparagraphmeans“________”.

A．开花结果,B．化为春泥,C．破裂腐烂,D．芳香四溢

27．Accordingtothepassage,whichisthemostsuitabletocompletethewebbelow?

A．Microbesareverysmall,B．Microbesareallaroundus

C．Peoplecan’tseemicrobes,D．Foodbeginstosmellbad

28．Thebesttitleofthepassagecouldbe________.

A．Thesmallestlifearoundus,B．Theorigin（起源）ofmicrobes

C．Theplaceofmicrobesgrowing,D．Theevidenceofmicrobesgrowing

C

A．Painkiller

Uses:

tablet（药片）totreatheadaches,musclepainorthecommoncold.

B．AntibioticCream

Uses:

creamtotreatpainandinfection（感染）fromsmallcutsandburnsonskin.

29．Ifyouhavecutyourfingers,whatmedicineshouldyouuse?

A．PainkillerB．AntibioticCreamC．NoneoftheaboveD．Bothofthemarefine

30．Johnnyisa9-year-oldboy,andhehadacold.How