湖南省张家界市高考英语阅读理解和信息匹配一轮自练13.docx
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湖南省张家界市高考英语阅读理解和信息匹配一轮自练13.docx
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湖南省张家界市高考英语阅读理解和信息匹配一轮自练13
湖南省张家界市2016高考英语阅读理解和信息匹配一轮自练(13)
阅读理解。
L1PITOR
AB
OUTLIPITOR
Lipitorisaprescriptionmedicine.Alongwithdietandexercise,itlowers“bad”cholesterol(胆固醇)inyourblood.Itcanalsoraise“good'’cholesterol.
Lipitorcanlowertheriskofheartattackinpatientswithseveralcommonriskfactors,
includingfamilyhistoryofearlyheartdisease,highbloodpressure,ageandsmoking.
WHOISLIPITORFOR?
WhocantakeLIPITOR:
.Peoplewhocannotlowertheircholesterolenoughwithdietandexercise
·Adultsandchildrenoverl0
WhoshouldNOTtakeLIPITOR:
.Womenwhoarepregnant,maybepregnant,ormaybecomepregnant.Lipitormayharmyourunbornbaby.
.womenwhoare
breast-feeding.Lipitorcanpassintoyourbreastmilkandmayharmyourbaby.
·Peoplewithliver(肝脏)problems
POSSIBLESIDEEFFECTSOFLIPITOR
Serioussideeffectsinasmallnumberofpeople:
.Muscle(肌肉)problemsthatcanleadtokidney(肾脏)problems,includingkidneyfailure
.Liverproblems.YourdoctormaydobloodteststocheckyourliverbeforeyoustartLipitorandwhileyouaretakingit.
Callyourdoctorrightawayifyouhave:
.Unexplainedmusclepainorweakness,especiallyifyouhaveafeverorfeelveryfired
.Swellingoftheface,lips,tongue,and/orthroatthatmaycausedifficultyinbreathingorswallowing
·Stomachpain
SomecommonsideeffectsofLIPITORare:
·Musclepain
·Upsetstomach
·Changesinsomebloodtests
HOWTOTAKELIPITOR
DO:
.TakeLipitorasprescribedbyyourdoctor.
.Trytoeatheart-healthyfoodswhileyoutakeLipitor.
.TakeLipitoratanytimeofday,withorwithoutfood.
.Ifyoumissadose(一剂),takeitassoonasyouremember.[Butifithasbeenmorethan
12hourssinceyourmisseddose,wait.Takethenextdoseatyourregulartime.
Don’t:
.Donotchangeorstopyourdosebeforetalkingtoyourdoctor.
.Donotstartnewmedicinesbeforetalkingtoyourdoctor.
()1.WhatisamajorfunctionofLipitor?
A.Tohelpquitsmoking.B.Tocontrolbloodpressure.
C.Toimproveunhealthydiet.D.Tolower"bad"cholesterol.
()2.TakingLipitorishelpfulfor.
A.breast-feedingwomenB.womenwhoarepregnant
C.adultshavingheartdiseaseD.teenagerswithliverproblems
()3.Ifithasbeenover12hourssinceyoumissedadose,youshould
A.changetheamountofyournextdoseB.eatmorewhentakingyournextdose
C.haveadoseassoonasyourememberD.takethenextdoseatyourregulartime
()4.WhichofthefollowingisacommonsideeffectoftakingLipitor?
A.Faceswelling.B.Upsetstomach.
C.Kidneyfailure.D.Muscleweakness.
()5.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?
A.Toteachpatientswaysforquickrecovery.
B.Topresentareportonascientificresearch.
C.Toshowtheimportanceofagoodlifestyle.
D.Togiveinformationaboutakindofmedicine.
本文为药品说明,主要介绍了药品Lipitor的作用、适用人群、副作用及服药的相关注意事项。
1.答案:
D
考点:
细节理解
解析:
根据“Alongwithdietandexercise,itlowers“bad,’cholesterol(胆固醇)inyourblood.Itcanalsoraise“good'’cholesterol.[”可以推断出答案。
2.答案:
C
考点:
细节理解
解析:
根据“Lipitorcanlowertheriskofheartattackinpatientswithseveralcommonriskfactors,
includingfamilyhistoryofearlyheartdisease,highbloodpressure,ageandsmoking.[”和“Adultsandchildrenoverl0”可以判断选C
3.答案:
D
考点:
细节理解
解析:
根据“Ifyoumissa
dose(一剂),takeitassoonasyouremember.[Butifithasbeenmorethan12hourssinceyourmisseddose,wait.Takethenextdoseatyourregulartime.[”可以得出答案
4.答案:
B
考点:
细节理解
解析:
根据“SomecommonsideeffectsofLIPITORare:
Musclepain,Upsetstomach,Changesinsomebloodtests”可以得出答案
5.答案:
D
考点:
推理判断题
解析:
文章先总体介绍药品Lipitor的作用,接着介绍药品的适用人群及不适用人群,然后介绍药品的副作用,最后介绍服药的注意事项,由此可以判断选D项。
阅读理解。
MarkTwainhasbeencalledtheinventoroftheAmericannovel.Andhesurelydeservesadditionalpraise:
themanwhopopularizedthecleverliteraryattackonracism.
Isaycleverbecauseanti-slaveryfictionhadbeentheimportantpartoftheliteratureintheyearsbeforetheCivilWar.H.B.Stowe'sUncleTom'sCabinisonlythemostfamousexample.Theseearlystoriesdealtdirectlywithslavery.Withminorexceptions,Twainplantedhisattacksonslaveryandprejudiceintotalesthatwereonthesurfaceaboutsomethingelseentirely.Hedrewhisreadersintotheargumentbydrawingthemintothestory.
Againandagain,inthepostwaryears,Twainseemedforcedtodealwiththechallengeofrace.Considerthemostcontroversial,atleasttoday,ofTwain'snovels,AdventuresofHuckleberryFinn.OnlyafewbookshavebeenkickedofftheshelvesasoftenasHuckleberryFinn,Twain'smostwidelyreadtale.Onceuponatime,peoplehatedthebookbecauseitstruckthemasrude.Twainhimselfwrotethatthosewhobannedthebookconsideredthenovel“trashandsuitableonlyfortheslums(贫民窟).”MorerecentlythebookhasbeenattackedbecauseofthecharacterJim,theescapedslave,andmanyoccurencesofthewordnigger.(ThetermNiggerJim,forwhichthenovelisoftenseverelycriticized,neverappearsinit.)
Buttheattackswereandaresilly—andmissthepoint.Thenovelisstronglyanti-slavery.Jim'ssearchthroughtheslavestatesforthefamilyfromwhomhehasbeenforciblypartedisheroic.AsJ.Chadwickhaspointedout,thecharacterofJimwasafirstinAmericanfiction—arecognitionthattheslavehadtwopersonalities,“thevoiceofsurvivalwithinawhiteslavecultureandthevoiceoftheindividual:
Jim,thefatherandtheman.”
Thereismuchmore.Twain'smysterynovelPudd'nheadWilsonstoodasachallengetotheracialbeliefsofevenmanyoftheliberalsofhisday.WrittenatatimewhentheacceptedwisdomheldNegroestobeinferior(低等的)towhites,especiallyinintelligence,Twain'stalecenteredinpartaroundtwobabiesswitchedatbirth.Aslavegavebirthtohermaster'sbabyand,forfearthatthechildshouldbesoldSouth,switchedhimforthemaster'sbabybyhiswife.Theslave'slight-skinnedchildwastakentobewhiteandgrewupwithboththeattitudesandtheeducationoftheslave-holdingclass.Themaster'swife'sbabywastakenforblackandgrewupwiththeattitudesandintonationsoftheslave.
Thepointwasdifficulttomiss:
nurture(养育),notnature,wasthekeytosocialstatus.Thefeaturesoftheblackmanthatprovidedthestuffofprejudice—mannerofspeech,forexample—were,toTwain,indicativeofnothingotherthantheconditioningthatslaveryforcedonitsvictims.
Twain'sracialtonewasnotperfect.Oneisleftuneasy,forexample,bythelengthypassageinhisautobiography(自传)abouthowmuchhelovedwhatwerecalled“niggershows”inhisyouth—mostlywithwhitemenperforminginblack-face—andhisdelightingettinghismothertolaughatthem.YetthereisnoreasontothinkTwainsawtheshowsasrepresentingreality.Hisfrequentattacksonslaveryandprejudicesuggesthiskeenawarenessthattheydidnot.
WasTwainaracist?
Askingthequestioninthe21stcenturyisaswiseasaskingthesameofLincoln.Ifwereadthewordsandattitudesofthepastthroughthe“wisdom”oftheconsideredmoraljudgmentsofthepresent,wewillfindnothingbuterror.Lincoln,whobelievedtheblackmantheinferiorofthewhite,foughtandwonawartofreehim.AndTwain,raisedinaslavestate,brieflyasoldier,andinventorofJim,mayhavedonemoretoangerthenationoverracialinjusticeandawakenitscollectiveconsciencethananyothernovelistinthepastcentury.
65.HowdoTwain'snovelsonslaverydifferfromStowe's?
A.Twainwasmorewillingtodealwithracism.
B.Twain'sattackonracismwasmuchlessopen.
C.Twain'sthemesseemedtoagreewithplots.
D.Twainwasopenlyconcernedwithracism.
66.RecentcriticismofAdventuresofHuckleberryFinnarosepartlyfromits________.
A.targetreadersatthebottom
B.anti-slaveryattitude
C.ratherimpolitelanguage
D.frequentuseof“nigger”
67.WhatbestprovesTwain'santi-slaverystandaccordingtotheauthor?
A.Jim'ssearchforhisfamilywasdescribedindetail.
B.Theslave'svoicewasfirstheardinAmericannovels.
C.Jimgrewupintoamanandafatherinthewhiteculture.
D.Twainsuspectedthattheslaveswerelessintelligent.
68.Thestoryoftwobabiesswitchedmainlyindicatesthat________.
A.slaveswereforcedtogiveuptheirbabiestotheirmasters
B.slaves'babiescouldpickupslave-holders'wayofspeaking
C.blacks'socialpositionwasshapedbyhowtheywerebroughtup
D.blackswerebornwithcertainfeaturesofprejudice
69.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”inParagraph7referto?
A.Theattacks.
B.Slaveryandprejudice.
C.Whitemen.
D.Theshows.
70.Whatdoestheauthormainlyarguefor?
A.Twainhaddonemorethanhiscontemporarywriterstoattackracism.
B.TwainwasanadmirablefigurecomparabletoAbrahamLincoln.
C.Twain'sworkshadbeenbannedonunreasonablegrounds.
D.Twain'sworksshouldbereadfromahistoricalpointofview.
【要点综述】本篇为说明文,谈到马克·吐温的小说是否对奴隶制和偏见进行了反抗,以及它受到不同人士的批评情况。
65.B 推理判断题。
由第二段的“Twainplantedhisattacksonslaveryandprejudiceintotalesthatwereonthesurfaceaboutsomethingelseentirely.”可知,马克·吐温把对奴隶制和偏见的攻击融在故事中,隐晦地表达。
而早期小说是直接攻击方式(dealtdirectlywithslavery),因此B项说他的小说对种族主义制度的攻击非常不明显是恰当的。
A项文章没有提及;C项与题干无关,答非所问;D项文章没有提及。
66.D 推理判断题。
根据关键词AdventuresofHuckleberryFinn定位到第三段。
由“Morerecentlythebookhasbeenattackedbecauseof…manyoccurencesofthewordnigger.”可知答案。
A项中的targetreaders错误,文章没有说到;B项不符合文意;C项中的impolitelanguage范围过广,文章只是说到批评者对nigger一词的出现感到不满。
67.C 细节理解题。
由第四段的末句“…thecharacterofJimwasafirstinAmericanfiction—arecognitionthattheslavehadtwopersonalities…”可知答案。
A项中的indetail文章没有提及;B项中的Theslave'svoice与文章的thecharacterofJim不一致;D项文章没有提及。
68.C 推理判断题。
由第六段可知,举这个例子是为了说明奴隶的社会地位是由生活环境决定的,而不是人的自然本性。
69.D 词义猜测题。
由画线词所在句的前面一句可知:
没有理由认为马克·吐温把这些表演当作表现现实,后句紧接着解释:
马克·吐温对奴隶制和偏见的不断攻击说明了他敏锐的意识,而这些是shows所没有表达出来的,可见t
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